1 12 41 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/1fe90bef904a776c920caf66858941c7.pdf 936bd629a57e1fec96d9e2036def2013 PDF Text Text THE NEW PERUVIAN CONSTITUTION AND INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES AIDESEP overnment policy under suooessive Peruvian administrations has consistently denied lndigenouscommu· nities the right to participate in the political processes governing their lives and theirenvi· ronment.ln Peru, like its neighboring states, the Amazonas has perennially stood as the cushion for external problems and it, as well as the Indigenous peoples that inhabit the fores~ have traditionally been subordinate to and utiliztd by outside intereslS. The politics of intervention practiced by peevious admin· istrations have been taken a step further by the Fujimori regime as reflected in his proposed Olnstitution for Peru. G peoples by the installation of terrorism in tbe region, could escalate the violence that al· ready exists. B) Under the new text, Indigenous lands arc subject to seizure. This measure, proposed to facilitate aocess to credit, puts at risk communities that might he persuaded to follow tbe government's promotional campaigns and While tbe doelarationsof ethnic pluralism and the recognition of the right to Indigenous identity in the draft version ofthe newOlnsti· tution superficially represent progressive changes, their character is for the most pan symbolic and offset by the more concrete terms applied to Indigenous territories. The princi· seek credits offering their land as collateral. pal changes are summarized in the following C) Most imponantly, Indigenous lands classipoints: fied as abandoned can be taken over by the state and sold to individual investors. This A) Indigenous land holdings which have been point is of grave consequence since the clasprotected under constitutional law since 1933, sification is carried out by government funcare to be"declared open to land markets. This tionaries working underquestionableassumpmodification, coupled with the lack of access tions: After two years without cultivation, of indigenous peoples to civil justice, govern- lands are declared abandoned. This criterion ment corruption, and the twelve years of per- undermines the swidden/fallow (slash and secution and displacement of Amazonian bum) agricultural practices of many commu- 24 nities which make use oflong rotation cycles. Under these systems, the forest is left to rest for years before it is once again cultivated. Under the new Olns:titution, fallows are erroneously considered abandoned lands. D) The criteria applied to the demarcation of lands represents another threat to tbe tcrrit<>rial integrity oflndigenous peoples. By dividing communal land holdings into independent agricultural plots, the communities will become ex· tremely vulnerable. With this constitutional proje~the edifiCe of the once pioneer Indigenous legislation of Peru is in dan· gerof crumbling. Olupled with the promotion of agrarian investment in the Amazon region, the privatization and alienation of in· digenous territories represent adet. rimental blow to the Indigenous ,,,,.....,. peoplesofPeru. Undertbefujirnori regime, we are not taken into ac- count, or at least not as different peoples. The forest's communities and their economic, cultural and social practices are at best, considered an obstacle to the government's development priorities for the rainforest. The purpose seems clear: To irn· pose on Amazonian and other original communities an agrarian vision along with tbe extractive one that has, in the last few years, devoured more than 10 million hectares. Sou~tt: AlDESEP A by a Y ala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The New Peruvian Constitution and Indigenous Communities Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aidesep Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The New Peruvian Constitution and Indigenous Communities Item Type Journal Article Author Aidesep Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 24 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Peru's old 1933 constitution protected indigenous lands rights and the new constitution threatens to indigenous rights by opening up territories to confiscation by other parties, agricultural development, and possible ecological damage Attachment Title The_New_Peruvian_Constitution_And_Indigenous_Communities.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Constitutional Law Indigenous Rights land rights Peru https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/28a7c4777526d0d49ec4e2876cf5bb2c.pdf 027474c4e3639414a15b15fa2bb686ee PDF Text Text TN owhor. o Miltito from 1h~ North~m Aut(.WI.OmOUS R~gion ofNiaJrogua. is r C()()rdinor()r()/rh!C~nlrol ill oMSouth Amtrioo Projtdoftht lndiM Law RtS~X~ru Ctfllu. "washlngtM. D.C.; o non·pro/it. n.on·gowm· Nnzol <Jrgoniy;tionlhal hos (()'nSu!Joti~·~ SJOIUS with rAt U.N. &ont>mic and S«ial COWtcil. This ort!'cl~ op~ors in its full ltngrh a/(lflg with footnous ond OM«altdhibliogrophyin rM YoI~ JoumtJI ofIns~rna· ti<Jrlol Low, W'mttr 1993. Volum~ 18. Numbtr I. R(· prinud l'>ith ptrmission. s millions of dollan; poured into envi ronmental organizations during the past decade, hundreds of activists headed for Central and South America tosave threatened animals and to preserve the rain forests. Some activists arrived with naive and romantic notions about vugin forests. They had failed to accept the fact that the forests were already occupied, used, and "'developcd"by Indians. Theenvironmentalistssoon met and were sometilnes confronted by In· dian tribes and nations asscning their ownership of tbe same forests, lands, and resources that tbe environmentalists sought to protect. Envilonmcntal protection plans drawn up in Washington or in Latin American capitals are great!y complicated by the questions and demands of Indian communities. Wbat role should Indians play in decisions to establish a national park or protected area on lands tradi· tionally Indian? Wbo owns and who is entitled to make decisions about the valuable land involved, in proposed debt-for-nature swaps?- How should environmentalists respond to Indian proposals for development initiatives or alternative conservation practices that conflict with their own proposals? Responsible environmentalists must con· 16 S~antly wrestle with these and related questions in their daily work. There is an urgent need for analysis and reform of the relation· ship between Indian rights and environmental protection. They have ilnportant roles to play in the development of principled laws and democratic policies that will both protect tbe fragile environment and guarantee the sur· viva! and development of Indian ponples in the 1990's and the twenty-first century.. Rethinkin~ an Old ~l~lh Aboul the Future of lndhm Proples The first step toward reconciling environmental policies and Indian rights involves facing some long-standing myths about In· dian ponples that have shaped current laws and policies. One such myth-sustained by non-Indians for 500 years-is that Indians arc disappearing ponples. In an 1898 lecture delivered to law students in Washington, D.C., U.S: Supreme Court Justice John Man;baU Harlan said of Native Americans: "(fhe Indian race) is disappearing and probably within the life time of some that arc now hearing me there will be very few in this country. Ina bundred years,youwiU probably not find one anywhere... It is certain as fate that in the cou.rsc of time, there will be nobody on this North American continent but Anglo· Saxons. All Other races are steadily going to the wall. They are diminishing every year.' This myth bas infomted tbe two most infamous Supreme Court decisions in Indian law. One decision upheld the legal authority of Congress unilaterally to abrogate Indian treaties. The other decision declared the plenary power of Congress to impose its lawson Indian tribes and nations. Notwithstanding theswcepingchanges that have taken place in civil rights and human rigbtslawoverthe past decades, neither of these cases has been over· ruled. Although not always stated so candidly, the myth that Indians are disappearingponples underlies policies toward Indians everywhere in the Americas. For example, Mario Vargas Uosa, a prominent Latin American author and 1990 Peruvian presidential candidate articu.lated a modemviewpoint onthe demise of Indians in a 1990 Harper's Magazine cover story. Vargas Uosa did not emphasize the physical disappearance of Indians, but rather Abya Ya l a News �INTEH their inevitable assimilation into lhc domi· nan~ non-Indian cullure: "Perhaps the ideal-that is, lhe preservation of the primitive cullure of America· is a utopia incompatible with Ibis olher and more urgent goal· the establisbment of societies in which social and economic inequalities among citi· zensbereduced to human... lfforeed to choose belween lhe preservation of Indian cullures and !heir complelc assimilation, with great sadness I would chose modernization of the Indian population, because there arc priori· ties; and the fiiSI priority is, Of COU!$0, IO fight hunger and misery... • Although policies toward Indians in lhe Americas rest at least in pall on the view !hat Indians will die out or assimi.late into a superior non-Indian world, the facts stand in st31k conlrast to the mylh of the vanishing Indian. Today tbiny million Indians live in theAmeri· eas, a number roughly equal to the combined populations of Guatemala, Honduras, EISal· vador, Nicaragua, Cosla Rica, and Panama.ln Guatemala and Bolivia, Indians make up lhc clw majority of the population. Indians 31C a significant minority population in almosl every country in the hemisphere, and in many countries they still maintain a large and re· sou rce-ricb land base. Indian nat ions and tribes lhroughouttbe Americas are canrying on the historic struggle for their land, resources, self· government, and cultures. Indian bnd, Indian Res<Jur«S. and Indian De•elopment Indian leadersoonsistentlycitc Indian land rights as their most vital oonccm. Without their land base, lndiansmaybeablctosurvive as individuals in the dominant economy and culture of their non-Indian neighbors, but they will not be able to survive and prosper as distinct peoples with distinct cultures and traditions. Indeed, governments throughout VOl. 7 NO. 3&4 the Americas, led by Europeans and !heir descendants, have sooghtto expropriate, al· lo~ and control Indian land and resources as a means of assimilating Indians. policies such as these make beliefs about the disappearing Indian self-fulfilling prophecies. New laws and policies must fuUy rocog· nize bow Indians view !heir land. Allhough there are differing views among Indian communities, oommon lbemes do exist. Indians genemlly feel a sense of permanence in their land that non-Indians do not share. Noo-Indi· ans tend to be very nomadic, to view land as a commodity to buy and sell, and to have ancestral roots on other oontinents. Generally, Indians bold their land in some form of communal ownership. The idea of private, individual land is ltistorieally unknown in Indian communities and is rare even today. When Indiansspeal< of rights to tbeir terri· tories, they arc referring not only to the land, but also to Oora, fauna, waters, and mineml resources. Indian cultures and religions eel· chrate the close interrelationships that people share with anirruds, plants, and natuml resources. The idea of sustainable development is pall of thecultuml and religious heritage of most Indian peoples. This culluml and reli· gious herilage is very much alive and weU today. As recent studies show, the survival of Indian oommunities and cultures bas oontrib· uted greatly to the survival of some of the world's most biologieally rich environments. II would be a mistake, however, to take too romantic a view. Indians, like all other hu· mans, utilize and develop thei! territories: they plow, plant, barv~ and mine the canh and usc its resources. Some observers argue that Indians with bulldozers and chai nsa~vs will soon be as destructive to their home cnvironmc.ncs as non-Indians arc 10 theirs. Some Indians have already permitted toxic waste dumping, storage of nuclear waste, and other environmentally dangerous practices on their lands, while others arc hotly debating whether to do so. NATIONAL. Nevcnbcless, those Indians willing to sacrifice their homelands are the exception. Most Indian oommunities bave maiola.ined their cultures, homelands, and resources by resist· ing outside forces !hat have attempted for centu.ries to destroy or purchase them. Tbe Indian·regions on maps of Centml America have remained green not because non-Indians left tbe Indians alone, but rather because Indians successfully fought to keep the regions green. Indians and Fmironmcnlalisls Most environmental organizations are based in Nonb America and Europe. Those organizations !hat exist in Latin America arc based in cities among Ladin<ls and are often funded by their North American and European oounterpans. Ind.ians are on the margins of the organized environmental movement Although some environmental groups have established good working relations with In· dian organizations, most relations belween Indians and environmentalists are uncertain and strained. There is even potential for serious conOict. Like human rights workers, academics, and other non-governmental activists, many environmentalists bring with them the bag· gage of their own cultures. They have been raised within tbc framework oflaws and poli· cies that have long oppressed Indians. Because the academic and legal communities have not yet given prominent attention to the issue of Indian rights, most environmentalists remain unfamiliar with tbe history of Indian land disputes. lflcadinghuman rightsorgani· zations write repons about Guatemala and Bolivia without even mentioning that the In· dians of those oountries are majority popula· tions subjected to minority rule, it is not surprising that many environmentalists are not sensitive to Indian concerns. For instance, during a 1988 oonferenee belween environ· mentalists and representatives ofCOICA, the 17 �~-~> .• . r. ..-:-~- ·. .. .~ Amazonian Indian coordinating group, an exchange occuned about debt-for-nature swaps- A COICA leader explained that tbe debt involved was not Indian debt, while tbe "nat\lre· in,'Oived was Indian Ltnd that Indians had not agteed to tJade for anything. Another diSturbing trend involves attempcs by mineral development corpor.uions, hazardous waste disposal companies, lumber companies, and othe~ to pass out favo~ in Indian communities to buy support for their projectS- Governments have long used this approach. More recently, environmental groups have sought support for tbeir projects tluough similar steps- By gaining tbe backing of some mem~ or an Indian community, outside~ ean createtbe appearance that Indians were actually involved in the decision· making proc<SS and that the whole Indian community approves. There is danger that these divide-and-<:onquer tactics will seriously hann Indian communities, undennine Jegjtim:lte Indian leadership, and gtnerate a baddasb againSt environmental projed:l that may be seen as manipulative or c:oloaialisl. Nevertbeless,someeffcctive alliances have devtloped to promote both environmental pr<Mcction and Indian rights. In Brazil, the Yanomamilost nearly onc-fiftboftheir population when gold-miners invaded and poisoned their lands in the late 80's. In the ate 1970's., the Indian Law Research Center filed a human rightscomplaint with tbe Inter-American Commission on Human Rights demanding legal demareatiooofthe Yanomuni terri- 18 meetings arc now omong the most vital and well auendcd of all U.N. human rights activities. Human rights experts who previously focused exclusively on the rights of individuals oow support pr<Mcction of tbe group rights of Indian communities. In J9S9, the International Labour O.g;anizalion (!LO) approved a new convenlion on tbe rights or Jndigtnous peoples requiring Indian participation in all matters concerning develapmentoftheir land and resources. Also in J9S9,tbe Organization of American States (OAS} began its own law rcfonn to prepare a new judicial instrumenttosecuretbe rights of Jndigtnous peoples. Indian rights advocates bope that better legal guarantees at tbe international level will prompc national governmentS to provide better legal protection fOt Indian rights. Indians tluoughouttbe Americas are fighting for their rights in national couns., national legislative bodies, and conslitutional conventions result~ ing in rapid changes such a~ Brazil's new constitution which supports Indian rights and in bottom-up environmenl31 protcclion the demarcation of Yanomami land. g project in a Central American Indian area. tory and expulsion of outsiders. Environmental and human rights groups joined with Indiangroups to placccffcctive andoverwhclmingpcessureon Brazil's President to expel the miners and demarcate 22.5 million acres of anc::esua1 Yanomami land in 1991. The deman:ation process has oow begun. A numbe< of non governmental organizations have agteed to monitor implementation of Brazil's new Indian Jaws and policies. [Significant changes have taken place regarding this matter. See article pg. 23) On Nicaragua's Miskito Coa.~t. Miskito communities helped develop a government program to expel resource pirates from a marineandcoastalenvitooJntnt rich in turtles, shrimp, lobster, and fJSb. The project trains Miskitos to managtand polioe!bearea themselves. It was initiated not in board rooms in Washington or in government offices in Ma~gua, but in a series of meetings beld in Miskito communities along theCo..st. Environmental groups bave actively and financially supported every phase of this pioneer- ("ondu,ion DeH•Iopin~ a Sound lk~al Fr.tnW\\ork for Indian Rij!ht' and I he En, ironment Environmentalists and Indian.~ must not merely critique Jaws and policies to secure the bealth of Indian communities and their environments. The groups must develop a sound, international legal framework to replace myths and arbitrnry govemme nt power. Fonunately, the effort to develop a sound international legal framework for Indian rights is well underway. For the paSt 15 ye;m, Indians have worked within tbe human rights system of the U.N.to develop Indian rights pcotections. The U.N. Working Group on Indigenous Populations, has been meeting for ten yc~ and will soon rclta.~ the final draft of a proposed declarotion on tbe rights of Indigenous Peoples. Within the U.N. human rights system, tbe issue of lndia.n rights has moved in one decade from tbe fringt to the mainStream. The annual Working Group The protection of human rights and tbe environment requires a truly international legal order based on democratic principles. NonIndians must reject the myths and imperialism that have shapod Jaws and policies toward Indians in tbe Americas thus far. Govcmments must respect democratic decision making with Indianconununities and must ensure that relations between Indians and tbeir neighbors are based on agreement rather than on domination. Indians, 1101 outsiders, will beSt gtn•ern Indian land and resour=. Although Indian communiti"'- like all others, have difficult decisions to make about their development, if Indian.~ are permitted to chart their own future they wiU continue to serve not only themselves., but also the global environment. Workingtogetberasequals, Jndiancommunities and the rest of the wo~d can share important lessons about how beSt to pcovide for all future gtncntions. Aby a Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Rights and the Environment Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Armstrong Wiggins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indian Rights and the Environment Item Type Journal Article Author Armstrong Wiggins Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 16-18 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The myth that Indians are disappearing from the world has led to policies and laws that are destroying the environment that is pivotal to the prosperity of Indians. The recent rise in environmentalism has led to a focus on restoring the land that is home to many Indians. This might seem to preserve the Indians way of life, but with the lack of coordination among environmentalists and Indians, some Indians see further encroachment on their land rights. This explores the relationship between environmentalists' protection of the land and Indians' interest in maintaining their land rights. Attachment Title Indian_Rights_And_The_Environment.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] COICA Environmentalism Indigenous Rights Miskito Yanomami https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/a1bc4e5d895143e8da5bbef28a4611fa.pdf 9b77fda7b1048e3be12fd2604570a72d PDF Text Text II Co~T I ~E~TAL ENcot:~TEH oF I ~D I GENO L ; s PEOP L ES, NATIONS A~n 0H.GA~ I ZATIONS CON I C lh the participation of more lban 300 Indigenous delegates, sup porters, and observers, the II Continenl.11 Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, Nations, and Organizations took place at the OtomiCoremoniaiConteroftheNathoNahnu people, in Ternoaya, Mexico, from the 8th through lhe 13th of October. The Encounter was organized by lhe Coordinating Comnnissionof Indigenous Nations and Organizations of the Continent (CONiq. Th.s Encounter i was a follow up to the First Continenl.11 Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, which took place in Quito, Ecuador in July of 1990. Its goal was 10 consolidate an autonomous and unified Indigenous movement throughout the Abya Yala continent A Provisional Council, responsible for pu«ing together the Third Encounter that will take place in Guatemala between the months of September and November of 1994, was fonned. During the Third Continental Encounter, CONIC will he fonnaUy oonslitutedand regional workshops will he organized around the various issues that Indigenous Peoples are faced with. The first meeting of lhe Provisional Council will lake place in Bolivia in February 1994, organized by the Coordinadora de Mujeres lndigenas de Bolivia. The following are members of the Provisional Council: Conscjo de Todas las Tierras (Mapuche, Chile); Coordinadora de Mujeres lndigenas de Bolivia; Confederaeion de Nacionalidades lndigenas del Ecuador- W 4 I. Spirihmlit~ and Tntditiun CONAlE; Consejo deOrganizaciones Mayas de Guatemala; Kunas Unidos por Napguana Panama); Frenle lndependienle de Pueblos The spirituality of our cultures and the many Indios, Mexico and Consejo lndigena de traditional forms in wllich lhal spirituality is Guerrero,Mexico,TONATIERRAandSAIIC expressod, are the deep essence of our identity. The Great Spirit that shellers aU of Abya of USA Yala unites us, protects us, and offers us the co:-;1c llrdaralion ofTemoa)a. 199.1 means to bridge our differences with mutual respoet. We conclude that a basic condition 501 years after the European invasion, the for maintaining the spirituality and traditions Peoples and Original Nations of Abya Yala of our Peoples is the recovery ofou.r territories gather together. Their song has causod the and lhe healing and renewal of ou.r Sacred heart of the Earth 10 vibrnte, given Strength to Morhe.r Earth, returning her green cover and our voices and illuminated our thoughts, nourishing her with organic life rather than strengthening the wannth of the sacred fire. with the chemicals that poison and profane her. We agree that it is vil.1lto foster, develop, and strengthen the roorsofour identity; therefore it is offundamenl.11 importance to work for the recovery of ou.r own fonns of living with and relating to ou.r Father Sun, our MOibe.r Earth, ou.r G.raodfalbcr Fire, and our Grandmother Moon We demand of lhe NationStates the recognition of ou.r religious practices and ouruse of traditional andceremonial medicines, as well as the decriminalization of Thus, every morning, we greeted our Fa- coca, peyole, mushrooms and other plants of lher Sun and welcomed the new day. His sacred and healing value... energy has united us and given us strength to II. :\loth('r E:.ulh. Tt·rl'ilor.\ , ;md progress in ou.r work. We conclude five days llarmon inus De\ l'lopmcnl of work towards agreements and consensusof dialogues and debate. With pain and with hope, wilhjoyandwithangcr, we havereached One of theprinciple agreements reached althe the following agreements and conclusions fo.r Earth Summit that took place in Brazil in the future: 1992, was the warning call that united all of Abya Yala News �lbecounuies and social sectors oflbe wo~d in face of lbe gteal dangers that confront our Planet. In add.ition, fuU recognition was given to lbe sustainable and SUstaining technologies lbat have been practiced by the Original Nations for thousands of ycaiS. For our Peoples, ecology is not a fashion statement nor a recent development. This islbewayourelderstaught us: "If you are going to cut down some trees in order to plant the seeds of your nourishment, you need to ask permissionoflbespiritsofthe forest and study lbecyclesofrencwal in order to help regenerate what you bave altered. You must ask permission and give offerings to the Earth Mother before opening any wounds in her body witb the sharpened steel of your tools. You must study the agricultural calendar for the weD-being of the other living beings who acoompany you in this life. In order to eliminate the root of the plunder and genocide suffered by our Peoj>les, it is necessary to undertake a profou'l.d territorial reorgani2ation at a continent4levellhat bas as its objective lbe redefinition and the recognition of autonomous territories. As Original Peoples, we denounce the neoliberal econontic model which continues to generate more povt(ly, buoger, and environmental degradation. We are convinced of the need to establish alliances with lbe different sectors of society in order to join our efforts and work together towards the creation of alternative ecooontic models which will 001 be based upon consumption and coltinuing ecological degradation. R<':\olutions Peoples of Honduras addressing the plenary 4) Their adverse impact on Sclf-Oetennina- 1HE F1JU. EXERCISE OF OUR SELFtion and Indigenous rights. DETERMINATION." This self-detennina5} Their elimination of smaiJ-scale agricul- tion must • ...be expressed as fuU recognition. ture in favor of multi-national agribusiness. 6) Their po!ential for aUowing the exploita· tion of child labor. 7) The lack of access our chil~n have to the basic education that wouJd allow lbem to compete intcmationaUy. We protest and express our consternation and dismay at the proposal to collect human genes on lbc pan of'ProjectHurnan Genome Diversity Project (seearticle,(l'!ge 12) We demand that tbe HGD Project cease and desist in its attempt to coUect human genes from Indigenous peoples, and that the United States government withdraw its application to patent the genes of a Guaymi woman, and any other similar applications. We also demand that GA1T not approve any Agreement about the Patenting of Human Genes or other forms of life. A) Witb the purpose of promoting a harmonious, sustainable, and community-based deIll. Sclf·l><'lrrmination. l.l•J.:.i'lation. velopment, we strongly denounce and oppose :.1nd lndi~<'llOUs Ri;:,ht-; GA1T and NAFTA for tbe following rcasons: The First Contioeotal Encounter in Quito in 1990constitutes a significant reference point I) Their adverse impact on Nature. in the actual struggles waged by the Original 2) Their exploitation of the Indigenous work Peoples of Abya Yala. In lbat occasion, we force. produccdtheQuito Declarationwhich in 1993 3) Their violation of lnd.igenous inteUectual is still very relevant We said: "We are now property rights with respoct to Indigenous fully aware that our definitive liberation CAN Oora and fauna. ONLY BE EXPRESSED BY MEANS OF VOl. 7 NO. 3 &4 TElOUROWNINDlGENOUSSELF-GOVERNMENT AND CONTROL OF OUR OWNlERRITORIES."!nordertomakereal this objective, we maintained: •rr IS NECESSARY TO HAVB A COMPLETE AND THOROUGH TRANSFORMATION OF lHESTAlEANDNATIONALSOCIETY. We ratify the understanding of ourselves as Peoples, as the Original Peoples and F'U$1 lnbabitantsof this continent Were vindicate our right to be recognized as such by the international community, and the United Nations. The opposition,of the national States to the acknowledgment of our rights has its principal origin in the very configuration of the Nation-States, wbieb by their very nature exclude our Pooples. 11 is not enough for them to declare themselves "multi-cultural" or "multi-ethnic", as these declarations do 001 modify them in the least. 11 is necessary 10 BUILD MULTINATIONAL STATES tbat will recognize the coexistence of multiple Peoples within one State. CONIC needs to work towards gnarantceing the panicipatioo of Indigenous Peoples in tbe different meetings that the UN carries out in regard to our rights and request that it consider a proposal to re-structure itself in order to include Indigenous Nations as full members. 5 �detcnnination. However, there have also been aggressions against our people as the vora· cious neolibcral appetite for our territories From remote times, our Peoples established We consider it necessary to promote the es- and resources continues. thefamilyastbcbasicunitofsocialorganiza- tablishment of an educational system in acWe must make an effort to de-colonize lion. The roles of men and women, of youth cordance with the philosophy and world view ourrelves, to recover our capacity to be indigand elders, were different in their functions, of our Peoples. The formation of one's iden- nant over any attack and any injustice combutequalintbeirim- . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . , mined against a fellow portance. The hisPeople. We need to estabtoric situation of our lish more effective lines of peoples bas laid a communication between great burden of reTo the UN Secretary General, Mr. Boutros Boutros-Ghali the continental Indigenous sponsibilities on movement and the womcn,buttbanksto We, the members of CONIC are writing to express the following: grassroots communities ourstrengtbandconandorganizations. We also viet ion much of our At the opening ceremony of lbe International Year of Indigenous Peoples, need to be more effective traditions and cusat the UN in New York, CONIC made an effort to invite 231ndigenous in the handling of national tomswerekeptalive. delegates from aU over the world, in order to support the UN initiative in and international laws. Women play an imdeclaring 1993 the Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. During the Anocberoftbeadvanccs portant roleasaprinffitcials expressed their which webaveacbicved in inauguration, government representatives and UNo the last three years as ciple leaders and desire for a new partnership with Indigenous Peoples. counsclorswithspiriCONIC is the relationship tuality being the thatbasgrownbetweentbe Today, ten months later, this new relationship has not yet materialized, organizations of the North source of our strength. The world regarding participation and dialogue. For this reao;on, we are requesting to and the South of the contiview of Indigenous have a meeting between CONIC members and other Indigenous Peoples nent. This brings us much women is not one of the world with the UN... joy because it also signifies which divides and the fulfillment of a propbseparatcs, but is inWritten attbe Otomi Ceremonial Center, Temoaya, October 12 1993. ecyofourancestors, lhcrcstcad a holistic one. encounter of the Eagle and the Condor. We are thus The importance of the role of women in the continuity of our tity is a fundamental part of children's and creating the basis for a true continental indigculture was higltligbted. The need to educate young people's educational process. That enous unity. our children within the family, in our own identity begins at home, but it must be reinTo this end, we must higltligbtthat this U Encounter has bad as a distinctive sign the culture and mocbcr tongue was insisted upon. forced and strengthened at school. permanent spiritual presence that accompaIt is recommended that we build even closer relationships with our children, in order to \"1. Organi1.ation - CO:>;JC nied us during all oftbedaysof the Encounter. The presence of many gf.mdpareniS, elders, transmit our spiritual strength to tbem and prevent alienation and distancing form their One of the most important achievementS of and spiritual guides made it possible for us to original cultures. To this end, it c~ considered these three years that have transpired since the have great energies to dedicate to our work, important that in tbe forthcoming year of first Continental Encounter in Quito in 1990, and contributed to the successful completion 1994, which has been declared by tbe United is the consolidation oft be Indigenous struggles of our task... A complete Report of the Second EncounNations as the "Year of the Family", funds be in each of our countries. channeled specifically for the purpose of Currently, the international community bas terwill be published in tbe next Couple months. strengthening Indigenous families. We need begun to recognize the just nature of our If you wish to receive a copy oft be Report you to promote women'sorganizations incoordi· claims, and we can affirm that we have gained can write to SAIIC, also to: TONATIERRA. nation with family and community. importantallies in support ofour right to self- P 0 Box 24009. PbeeniJ<, AZ 85074. USA. IV. \\"omen. Famil) and Communi!) 6 V. Education. Culture and Youth Aby a Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource II Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, Nations and Organizations Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource CONIC Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title II Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, Nations and Organizations Item Type Journal Article Author CONIC Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 4-6 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note This article is an abbreviated report of the second meeting of Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, Nations and Organizations that took place at Temoaya, Mexico on October 8-13, 1993 and the article outlines the goals the organization wishes to accomplice by the fourth meeting that is to take place in Bolivia in 1994. Attachment Title II Encounter of Indigenous Peoples, Nations, and Organizations_from abyayala_v07n03_04-2.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] October 1993 Original Peoples Temoaya Mexico https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/fbbc18c22f99b58cbe5d0d121138ed40.pdf cf237d8d27139d3e68a691a4b16cc79b PDF Text Text '7o rake human DNA and parent its p roducts, that t~iolares the integrity oflife itself. and our deepest sense of nwrality." Isidro Acosta, President of the Guaymi General Conguss. ''When a foreign govemment comes into a coumry, takes blood witlww explaining the real impUcarions to local peoples, and rhen tries to patent and p rofit from the cell line. that's wrong." P01 Mooney, RAFI Executive Dirtcror. you haven't heard about scientifiC en the method of execution to the exclusion of ally. From financial compensation to the deavors relating to the Human Genome, Native representatives in project discussions, potential for biologjcal warfare, it is essential yousoonwiU. Aswe plunge <leeper that all foreseeable consequences and into the decade, the bcxlfellows, bioimplicationsassociatedwitbtheHGD llnm.l!l Cit'nontt· = Hlo . c~oc~ gt'lk"'· tolll.lillin~...: .111 tcx:hnology and science, are having a Projcx:t he taken into account before indi\ idtldl.... t wn-dil. u\· inhu cn.llion. lnuod in.tll !llt· dircx:t impact upon Indigenous comfurther damage occurs. < dl' l 1! .1 llunt.Ul I )( 'ill}.!. munitieswitbovenidingrepercussioos I h u ll-111 <it ·notm · 1 llg.tniz.tlit ,,.., Ill " ;c 1 tl >. ~~ ·d in I .on< for humanity at large. In the previous 11.\CKGROt:\ll doll! r ill. lilt i.t\ ,IIIII ol (it"ltti!IK' (("'-('.lit ll- \\.lllt"l Abya Yala News joumal, we provided Bothun. I'H" ... idt 'l\1 ci .. UII'' C.Hl!OI. \"1' a sketch of the HumanGenome DiverGuided by tbe premise tbat the ge· sity Project. Since then, much more netic composition of different ethniC Jhul\.111 (it'llOillt' IJi\t'l'il\" Pwjn 1 d !Cil> t•rojn IIl 'lopo~ll lot ollt"( I ,l!ld '!lid\· gt'I"K'Iit 'Ill It 1111<' ol information has been made available groups may vary slightly , the project \ ·, niott... 1·f llllit group... . \ lot ....t • it Hl'n.,llit 111.11 t on.._. u · and patents applications on Native organizer.; aspire to gain a better litull ol ttJ11\t'1'11i<· ... ,tnd ...t it'llli' l' 1h.11 .tilltlo }.!.llhn peoples' eelllines bave been revealed. under.;tanding of why diseases vary blood. ).,tit .ttMIIlltlttih ..... uupk" ol l,ugt·lnl pop11l.1· The following article hopes to eluciso much in their geographic distribu· lion... t on... itk-t nllo he Oil lht· ""'-<"1}-!t"' o l c\littt lion date the various components and imlndi}-..'t.'lltttt-. gtottp... w lnu·d to . 1 · t...tl!.ttc... ••I Ill'· ... tioo and from there, try to find out if In t i(" hllt' lt"'l.- l"tilll.tl\" l'to jn I h llti.llot: l.tti;.:,i I.Utd plications assoc.iated with the Human such variation is caused by human ('d\" lh·...,!OI/•1. l'lnft·..,..,ot Lnlt"liltt... ol c;ctM'III' ,11 , Genome Diver.;ity Project, highlight· adaptation to local environments or Sl.lllhtttl ing its impacts on Indigenous Peoples changes in genetic make-up (5). around tbe world and course of action Through these findings, it is boped taken thus far. that new methods of dealing with While the potential benefits sbould not he are being seriously questioned by Indigenous fatal diseases, i.e. cancer, AIDS, etc. wiU he underestimated, all oftbe related issues, from organizationsandsupportg,oupsintemation· developed. I 12 . Abya Yala News �NATIONAL. INTEH \IETIIOII Through RAFI's research, it is known that 712 groups have b«n !Mgeted for sample collection. The following ootline provides a brief overview of the sampling and lab research process: ceU line has b«napproved how will compensation be determined? Wbat systems arc in place for assuring that Indigenous peoples will be appropriately compensated on all commercial gains? To date, these questions have not b«n answered. ing the instiMions that have waged an unbridledwarofopprcssionandgenocidcagainst Native peoples for the past 500 years. Ill. IIIOI.I)(;J('\1. II \lll-'.\llE l hll ii.UI (it 'll(IIIJ<' Prnwt I· I ·.s !.Collect blood, hair and mouth scrapings from selected population 2 Once gathered, samples rushed to lab(witbin48bourstiJm)wberewhite blood cells are to be "immortalized" a)wbite blood c:dls are cultured in the lab tben (men in liquid niuogco. Each cell contains a complete set of genetic DNA. This process allows the information in the genes to be preserved indefinitely for ful1Jrcsrudy. 3. Once in thi~ form, cells are l1Jmed intocelllincs( continuoosly dividing cells that can provide a theoretically infinite supply of genetic material). '4. DNA to be dcpooited and stored in scvenal "banks" around the world. Tbedcpooited material will be available for funhcr research. Results from resco.rch an then be patented tTIIt'W i' .t!'o \ lt•dit oll l k'-t.'oU< II ( 'tiUIIt ti1 \ IIH ~ l l un ~. 11 1 ( it'· nomt· .\l.lppul).! Prow< 1 11 1 Lnndot1• \ .... ~ l 1dltnn c llnrl \\I \I( II bq..~olll i ll I' lXX \\Jill lilt' )..:.11,11 ol IJI, IJI\IIIlg l"ottll til lh' l l • l.t il • l }.!!'Ill'' !CIIIJ)(j \\ tl illll t ltr~• lli'II....CII l iC '' .u~d "--'t[tln)lul;...:. 1lw nl- liw "'lft'ltll ol hn)(k·tl h\ •'1111 htull,\11 D' \ h\ !It~:• l , u ld li'lt ' l S ![)( ' \t'.l! .,!t l l'"; ,,111111\.1) ht...,!l:tUt ' ~•llh·.!~:1l S. llt'j).HitUt'lll o! l_u·rg\ 1DOI.• PI, 1\ ·c·r..., : I , , \lllt'fll olll 1\'J M.' ( :11Jit 1 ' ( CIJIC~ II~ Ill , l{t It )... \ 1llc' ft ~11). lhllthllg_ j)IIJI JI lei! olii i\'Jlt'' ul (~ l]]c •t IICll l: hO.OOI 1 r, m • llldlt 'I i,ll' II 0111 \ r, I ' I In I nn tl.IJ 1 t and pt.uu \ 'iHI"-''"" L\1. l.t•g,ll dt'J)(I...,i l t'IJ, lor li\·illg ™"' llldlt'lidl h\' l'.S. P.llt ' lll ollld TJcld t 'l llclfh..., I I[ !it l', :!. l'ti\,llt' hintt·t llnu!og~ · < tllll)lolllit'' :t \',Hioll' UIU\t'r...,i ltt '"' illt ht<IHlg: l 'CI .. \ . l'C Bcrhdt'\". Slctlllord. Yollt • In tcnnsoftbe ~nenal Agreement oo Tariffs and Trade (GATI), the United Sates is doing everything it an to make p<~tentingofall formsoflife a legal pall of tbc trade agreement Ifpassed as an intem>tional mandate, how will The fact that Indigenous representatives and organizations have not b«n consulted lndigenoos pcgple be able to hold governments, or included in the planningproecss thus(ar, instil1Jtions,corporationsaocountablewhensueh illustrntcs the patemalio;tic way in which tbc accountability will be regarded as a "barrier to projcct is being condUCled. Issues relating free trade?" to patentS, diversion of funds, access to II. STOR.\GE F.\('ll.ITIL~ gathered informalionandthe potentialtbreat ,\ \1 OIU.IIII \\1\ OF '11\.\' of biological warfare have yet to be addressed satisfactorily by project organizers. The idea is to create various "world banks" of DNA around the globe that woold include I. 0\1 WIN Ill' \\II P.\ TE\TS borh regional and natiortal storage facilities and It is a fact thai some products and pro- be accessible to government agencies, corporacesses f<'lated to extracted material will lions, foondatiom, and interested rescortbers. havesuhswllialcommercialvalue. Oncea In otbet words, tbc information will be made patent on material extr1aed from a buman available to an)'one who shows interest, ineludVOl. 7 NO. 3&4 In the context of genocide, marginalization, denial of traditional c:ulture practices, who is to say a govemmen~ with a history of awession toward Native populations and, in most ofthe eases, responsible for the it physical demise, will not take the readily accessible information and use it to eOOicate an "inuansigent" group or people? are sympathetic geneticists who fed that tbc feasibility of producing wgeted ethnic biological warfare makes the poosibility a long shot, but not oot of the question. Wbere are the controls? II. Ill\ l·. llSIO' 01- H \liS ' The exorbitant amoont of money necessary to imple~nt the project eoold be used to improve the present squalor that many of the targeted groups live in. In otbet "ords, tbe money eoold be spent oo helping the groups that are foc:ing "extinetioo"tooveteornC the various fortes that have placed them in this critical predicament so that tbcy an lead bcalthy, productive and self-directed lives now, rather than being recreated and "immonaliltd" in laboratories for future science projects. TilE Gl'.\ \'\Ill' \ '11-'\ 1'•.\ (;(.1\II'SE OF TilE Fl Tl llE (;0\E .\lillY \\OHSIII \RS( '0\11 I HL 'I· Despite tbe efforts of HGD Project organizers to make it appear be nip, equitable and absolutely necessary, the recent patent claim application on the cell line of a 26 year old Guayami woman from Panama, by U.S. Department of Commerce Secretary Roo 13 �Brown, illustrates tiM> underlying dangers and At the recent Second Continental Encoun- fused and anonymous makes monitoring even potential for the projec:tto get out of eonlrol. ter of Indigenous Nations, Organizations and more difficult. Thccballengc, then, is to make Collec~ed under dubious eircumslanees, the Peoples (CONIC), representing over 2,500 sure that research of!his nature stays transparwoman'secllline isbeingstoredattbeAmcri· communities and organizations throughout ent and accountable. canTypeOiiturcCollection(ATCC). Inquir- the Abya Yala eon tinen~ issued a resolution However grave the situation may seem, ies made by Isidro Acosta, President of the denouncing gcnomerescarcbandtheGuaynni positive and effective action can be taken by GuayamiGeneraiCongrcss, and Pat Mooney, patent claim. As infonnation aboullbe projec~ individuals. International pressure demand· Executive Director of RAA, about the cell reaches Native communities, opposition until ing !hat all types of related genetic research be line being repatriated to !he Guaymi conducted wilh clear, structured and people, have been met with ambigudirect involvement oflndigcnous or( :o"f .n1d i'"ullding: I !( il l I 'r 1;n ; I: 11 i 1, 1: I1\ t '·\ t 'd!' t 'lit )J\ 1"' t '\.j )( 't ted ous responses and lillie action. Thus, ganizations so lhatlhey arc an integral to< o:-;1 l>cl\\ I.'Cll ..._:..? ~ .~:1d ·;_-, Jlli!lio!l dfl~:.~: ..... !hecell line remains in the bands of the part of tiN> decision-making process, is L\;x·< tn! 11 1 ..;.. l :il!J~t- lruln Hl_IU) · 1.-,_U){ I !l~i ­ United States government and the vital. As tbe possibility for "a small lll.lll ...!l<'t illlt'll'"' \\t'J,I~~t·tcl],l! ( tl..._l Jlt 'f ~Hiljl]t· ATCC against tiN> wishes of tbe origi· number of corporations, universities, t.l:t.'...:.t'"' !1<1:11 ~~.1•1 l~l ,1"' Ju~~i1 .1~ ~::~xJ c~ · nat "owner." and govcmmcnrs owning life's genetic Curren:!\ ~cdi.lll.'~ !ll:Hiu~;..:. ~olH<('~ tro:n :- ~~~\· On a broader level, if the U.S. code,"(1) turns into reality, tiN> time to t'rtl!lH'll! ,l:~t'l\1 H ' "' ,lJJt! Jl!l\-, l:t· l4lli:Jti,tl:ll!l~. government manages to make tbe mobilize is now! tu nt1~:1:~ \\illrn•J..,l ~i!--;.d\ t~Jrll<' tf1J:!l tlw :\,li:<J:t. tl patenting of human material legal Sc:t'!Ht·h~o~tr:cl,ltl<l:J II<JjX'j...,\<ICJ)J:.IJ:J ...rJ:IH'<Jt underGAlT,disputingapatentclaim \\II\ T YOl" C.\\ JlO: \ lit ' IIIIJ!lt'\ gt.Jtl\t 'ti ]IJ l)j{' l!lll t l, lll (;t•:I<Jl!H" and repatriation would become !bat J•H iit't\ much more difticull To make mat· fi nd out who is doing research in II. I hull; Ill (it ·nonw Projt "< I L '\J)( ·ned 11 1ldl t c1.._: ters worse. tbere are reports of otbcr your area and bow it is being moni· ~:~ IJ:)!tfll\Hl IUIW.._lllt' grd!ll!llo:Jt"\" u ... t!~l:J\ .1!· possible patent claims on Navajo cell tored. Urge that indigenous orga.nizalul!t"d tor ..,t Lt'lllil:l l"t ''""t'dH 11 Fund1:l~ t ro:ll :lw lines as well as prodigious cell line tions be consulted, informed, and in· :\!II dtlt I I)( II: collection going on in Colombia. (6) volved during every phase of tbe Along with !he Guaymi eommu· projec~. for more information contact nity,lndigenous peoples and organizations as Indigenous organizations are properly con- Professor Henry Greely, Head of tbe North well as a growing number of concerned scien- sulted, informed, and directly involved, bas American Ethles Comminee at the following tisrs areverbalizingtheiroutrage. There have been !he resounding response. address: beenvariousresolutionsdenouncingtheHGD Project by first Nations. The Mataatua CO\CI.l SIO\ \\ll C \I. I. TO \CTIO\ DeclarationonCullural and lntellec:tual Property Rigbrs of Indigenous Peoples in June, At this poin~ the HGO Projec~ bas not Professor Henry T. Greely 1993, stated the following: received the substantial funding it requires to Professor of Law Call for an irnmed.iate halt to the ongoing be carried out and therefore bas the potential Stanford Law School 'Human Genome Diversity Projec:t' until irs of being stopped. However, before breathing Crown Quadrangle Stanford University moral, ethical, socio-econonnic, physical and easier, it is important to take a look beyond tiM> Stanford, CA 94305-8610 political implications have been thoroughly immediate situation. lftheHGD Projec~ does fax: 415.725.0235 discussed, understood and approved by In· not materialize in irs grandiose form, tbe e-mail: digenous peoples. possibility of genome researeh bceonning dif· Henry.Greely@I'Qrsythc.Standford.EDU j I. RAF1 Prm 8.deas<, "lndig<nou< P"'91e Pro<"' U.S. Sccttlal)' or Coolmer« Pa1cn1 Oaim on Guaymi Indian Cell Unc," IM5fl3 l Sud>cl, Gabrielle "Wo.kl W">dc Gene Study May Re,·<al Human H~IOI)'· s..nroro Obo<Mr, Juty-AugUSI 1993 .J:.-d., 3. RAF11bePanTh>l Feeds Us" ~ ~~ 4. RAF1 Coolmuniqut, "PaleniS, lndig<oous Peoples, and Human Groclie Oi,.rsily" M 1993 ay S. New Scicnlist, M 1993 ay l 6. RAFt COn<$(>ClCid<nc< wilh tsi<fto ACXIOU, S.pu:rnber 21, 1993 1. Wuelhrich. Btmi<» .,AJI Rjght:s Reserved, H lhe Gene·Patcnling Race is A.ffeding Sciertee,.. Scicnoe News, Vol 144- Septe--mber 4, 1993 ow 14 """)• Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gene Genie and Science's Thirst for Information with Indigenous Blood Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniela Spiwak Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Gene Genie and Science's Thirst for Information with Indigenous Blood Item Type Journal Article Author Daniela Spiwak Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 12-14 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Concerns about the impact of the Human Genome Diversity Project on Indigenous Peoples are raised. No indigenous representatives or organizations have been included in the planning of the project. Misuse of information gathered during the project has become a concern. Attachment Title Gene_Genie_And_Science's_Thirst_For_Information_With_Indigenous_Blood.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CONIC Human Genome Diversity Project Human Genome Project Mataatua Declaration on Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights of Indigenous Peoples https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/cadc4c93fd50eb9d56ff7fb381abc124.pdf 7eea006c42feabcf9cec30479a6ab5a4 PDF Text Text VIOLENCE A GAINST INDIGENOUS P EOPLES n August 18-19 1993, lhe village of forces have plagued !he nation's inhabitantsMazamari in lheprovinceofSatipo, In the rainforest regions, since 1992 alone, located in the cenlr31 rainforest re- there have been 1,491 indigenous victims. According to the local people, some of gion of Peru, was anacked by 150 guerrillas belonging to the revolutionary lhe attackers of the augustiS-19 massacre Maoist group Sendero Luminoso (Shining were young Ashartinka rebels. Sendero will Path). The massacre resulled in the death and often plant Indigenous rebels within the vilbru!al mutilation of 87 Ashaninkas, about a lages and instigate the Armed Forces' violence against them to prove the government's lhird of which were women and cbildren. During lhe early morning hours, a band hypocrisyandbetrayaloflndigenouspooples. ofSendero guerrillas came disguised in tradiAbout 700 familes have been severely tional Ashaninka garb affected by the terror, abandoning their demanding weapons. lands, villages, and Whcntbevillagersdid their way of life. Due not comply with their demands,thebru!al atto lhe rapid changes wrought by the invatacks began. sion of both Sendero This has been the worst attack on the guerrillas and the PeAshaniokas since lhc ruvian Armed Forces, capture of Sendero traditional waysof life Luminoso's leader, have been severely Abimacl Guzman. disrupced,causingexThis massacre is just tremcly unstable livoneofthemanygenoing conditions. The cidal actions system· The massacre left more 1han 200 orphans continuous threat of aticaUy conducted against the Indigenous Scndero's terrorism has forced Ashaniokas commurtities that refusetosubmittoSendcro's and other Indigenous communities of Peru's Maoist 'doctrine of a "Revolution for tbc Ccnlr31 Jungle to oonccntrate aU their enerPoople". Due to the Ashaniokas' resistance, gies and human resources toward self-<lethey have been targeted and persecuted. fense. Throughout Peru, violence and terror on the In response to the unwananted violence part of Sendero Lumiooso and the Armed and brutality, lhe Indigenous peoples of the O 30 IN PERU: Ccnlr31 region are actively engaged in oommunity organizing and creating al.liances with Indigenous organizations. The First CongressoflheAshaninkalndigenousPeoples of the Peruvian Amazon will be held from November29to0ecember3, 1993, inSatipo, Peru. Other lndigneousorganizations,such as CECONSEC, ANAP, and FECONACA, as well as representatives from oonccmed public and private institutions will also be attending. . \. <: T I () :--.1 There is an immediate need for relief funds for the 200 Ashan.ioka orphans and widows as a result of the massacre in tbc Mazamari village. CECONSEC is also in need of economic aid to continue supporting the organization of the First Congress of Indigenous Peoples of the Central rainforest region of Peru. For more information on bow you can help, please contact: Kalia Arya 4015 Rhoda Ave. Oakland, CA 94602 Tel: 510-482-4682 FAX: 51(}.421-4758 or SAUC A b y a Yal a N e ws � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Ashaninka Massacre Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Katia Arya Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The Ashaninka Massacre Item Type Journal Article Author Katia Arya Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 30 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note A Peruvian Ashaninka village, Mazamari, was attacked on August 18-19, 1993 by 150 Sendero guerrillas. 87 villagers were murdered. Attachment Title The_Ashaninka_Massacre.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Ashaninka guerrillas Indigenous Peoples Mazamari Peru Sendero Luminoso https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3fafc23a95d77c61014daaef911cafea.pdf 779aa412e9f076b6e288fb14cf371e8d PDF Text Text I~TEH N A TIONAL . AJ,rerican Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), "Indigenous people are displaced and become environmtnlal and economic refugees in their own land... Tom Coldtooth, lndigtnOUS Environmental Network cspcctcrofNAFTAnolongerbovcrs The resource-rich Native homelands will for ln<ligenous lands in Mexico. Even lbe overAmerica,it hasmaterializcd.Thc be targeted by corporntions as bot spots for free-flow spirit of the trnde agreement does high-OyingrhctoricoflbeCiintonAd- development Without doub~ all Mexican not extend to communities split by national minislrntion will now translate into very real trnditional lands will be up for grabs. Spccu- borders. The border communities of tbc an frightening environmen"\! destruction lators in Cbiapas already forced some Mayas Mohawk, Salish-Kootenai, Colvilleand labor injustice. Despite tb~aution off lands in anticipation of NAFTA's ap- Okas_agan, Abcnaki, Cocopa, Kamia, these issues received in thc<poJel!u tumult proval! o·odlia1> ~Kickapoo will not be reunited NAFTA inspired, one important story went The future of Canadian and U.S. lndig- dcspite}cmassivemeldingofthethrcecoununrcported in the mainstream media: cnousgroups is also uncertain. With NAFTA tries' economic agendas. NAFTA's ambush on Indigeno~ rights. approved by <j~~ws that protect !he vMious Indigenous organizations have NAFTA 's central premise tbat govern- rights of Native 1\nieticans to live on and deoo.b;ccd thetrnde agreement The Contiment regulations interfere witl(frc;c trade utilize their lands may~longer protcctany:.___S" CommL&sion of Indigenous Nations, allows dcmocrntically created laws to be one'f[Omcorj)Ornte"aVidltT COmJl'\nies wili--c> iganizations and Peoples (CONIC), reprcoonsidcrcd trnde barriers, and thus made inop- a~ the best~~~ sources, and natu- scoring 26 various organizations that reprccrntivc. NAFfA sets up an independent rnlrcsourccs. lftbe ~ t.A tribu naldeemsa scotover2,500oommunitics,and1bcAmeritribunal dosed to public participation. The legal protoction ofancicntland righrfa barrier can Indian Movcmen~ havebothdccriedsueb tribunal decides if a native, state, or federal to trndc, the law may be struck dowo: Tribal an auack on Native land claims. lawoffendsfrcetrndewitbout any criteria for governments rna/no longer be able to reguThe ripples of NAFfA will exten<l far evaluating whether lbe trnde would offend late the sale o lands and, as a result, beyond North and MesoAmerica. The treaty ; the public. Such unaccountability in a tribu- privatization of land will likely proceed on a has established the largest free-trade.zone in nal has broad implications for the Native ma:t-•scale. thewo~d,scllingancxamplewbicbthrcatens Peoples of North and Meso America. Privat.ization ~ill hasten theoonversion of to presage a global elimination of democratic In the United States and Canada, Native oommons into oom~iti.cs. For example, laws that protcctthe land and its ponplcs. The Americans live on traditional lands endowed water will be bought aoosold, trnnsfenedand Genernl Agreement on Tariffs and Trndc withfortypercentofaUknownenergysourccs trnded, without rc~~ativc claims to (GAT!), the international trnde decision for each oountry, acoording to the Indian sucb an essential resource. NAFfA enootU- making body, is scheduled to soon resume its Treaty RightsCommiuccof Chicago. These ages projects similar to the James Bay Hydro; eighth roun<loftradetalks. Manyoftbeissues trnditionallaods fall into two categories, res- electric Project wbieh will send Canadian on the table, like investment and service barervation lands and private property. In both wate.rs down the MissL&sippi to consumers in Viers and Intellectual Property Rights, were cases, government laws have served tosome- he U.S. and Mcxioo. The dam has flooded the i'csolved under NAFfA. If NAFfA becomes what protect Native American decisions r~ Cree nation's traditional hunting grounds, GAIT's model, we face ble.11< profaning of garding the usc or sale of t.raditional lao<ls. decimating caribou populations and forciyg the Earth's environmental and culturnltreaHowever, in Mexico, lod.igenousponplesalso relocations and cultural upheavaL sures. Our aching and wearied land can not living on coonomically valuable land enjoy NAFfA, crnfted by Bush and 2000 of ihe support such assaults on its Native American signifocandy less legal protection. President largest American oorporntions, incorporn\ed caretakers. Salinas recently abolished even the meager no Indigenous pooples in the drafting of ihe Mexicanlawssafeguaroingancientlandrights. agreement. NAFfA includes no provision Sources: The Circle; Honors Digest T: .It a r VOl. 7 NO. 3 &4 I S � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Free Trade's Assault on Indigenous Rights Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kristina Egan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Free Trade's Assault on Indigenous Rights Item Type Journal Article Author Kristina Egan Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 15 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note NAFTA could endanger national laws that protect Indigenous land rights if the the NAFTA tribunal decides the legal protection of ancient land rights is a barrier to trade. Indigenous peoples could be removed from their land to make way for trade development. Attachment Title Free_Trade's_Assault_on_Indigenous_Rights.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CONIC Indigenous Rights land rights NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement Trade Barriers https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/84b792af98ca5fdd2d0dfd3e4ccfb8df.pdf 6e52c0c12fc5e4a24f7607f8c42bdf6d PDF Text Text D I TORI AL. The year 1993 (Gregorian year) is behind us. ln different ways and for different neasons, great expoetations were created because it was said that this yw would be beneficial for Indigenous people. ln the fmt place, the United Nations declared 1993 the "Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples". The yw was conceived to provide a platform so that consciousness, sensibility, and human rights to favor Indigenous Peoples would be created throughout tbe world. Nation-stales reacted positively to tbis call, but ~e.-repairs to oppression and discrimination have seldom benefited o~r peoples. In truth, we can affirm that no signifiCallt fact o~c rep3!l! i5>n is concrete. If this would be true, there would have been some advances in J Indigenous legislation, commitrnents o CSJabl· h di~ alit fuJ1.he~ (o~ogicil conservation and economic implementationon z Indigenous Territories. ;AI \~ ? ' ~ The World Bank and the Intern Development Bank, after sgonsoring <tceadc{bf ~ironmental destruction, accompanied by genocide and ethnoeide, have only receatly decided to invite lndif~ representativefui \~ dial~es. These banks have offered some " economic support and technical ~bu ~ ere is noguarantte lhat'illey;vill stop fundingde&liuctivc ~je<:ts on Indian areas. The United t' =~~eloproentProg13111prOmised~j;,rtproje<:~~~i?,nofbiodive:~teiJCC)tualrightsoflndigenouspeoples' Indeed, aU of these can be ~"'{ ~e. How er, thM·~~teeJ!!!!.!W ,s: ag;kmeo~ proposals, and proje<:ts wiU be implemented under conditions of "!luality ~d !1'.\'tualrcspoe~ i.e.witb-i~_:9.'Uprticipati01f~f J.!)digenous peoples in the decision making or implementation process. There is alSo no gueie<: Indigenous TerritOries and natural r~ees within bose territories will be respected. that The Indigenous fund, created by the ~e ents of Bolivia and MexiOO has only~n.,rntified byfi~e or six governments even though it has beenwidely publicized. What isev~worsc, is h~paii";CI~tionby-au~~~njZaltons in thedecision-maki.ngprocess and not one Indigenous women's orga$ization h~ invited even thoug,. there man~~')/ Re<:ently, the United Nati<>ns has~ t~of Indigenous P!'OPICS, from 1994-2004 to beip, among other things, to disseminate information (education) regarding Indi~ us P~~ resolutio~ bowev~, does not rellect" the full participation of the Indigenous Peoples in the activities of the Decade. It ~~Ued · ew P~ec;M>"-tbat bad ibeOretically begun in 1992 has already ended, ~ for it has not been mentioned anywhere. ~ '~ ~ !} Despite cunrent processes of dernocra tion in Jftin Ameri~ assacres, ~ression, assassinations of Indigenous representatives, and endless waiting for territorial demarcation ~laws, ~ntinued to the end of tbe Year t e w id~ndigenous Peoples. We must print for the record, tbe massacre of the Yanomami in ~· theK ~aninka ~e in t~o'!>eruvian~n, tlie assassination ofa Macuxi leader in Brazil and several Indigenous peoples of theF i'Itures fOUifd in Gua~m~a. ~inations ~ve also ~en place in Colombia and repression in Ecuador and Panama does not escapeoy eo.lbm: In~qilc, 11w{Mapuche ~pie were tmp~ 1,and continue to be prOS<X:uted. Similarly, ' when it comes to Territorial Demarcatk>n, t'U'USI pqjnt out the Macu~ ~I) o~tbe ~ea Ra~.Serra do Sol and the military strategies used to intimidate them, as well asJhe ~~~~ilizatiqn of 125 Mocovi lndi~'\Qusl,o~nities against the "Law of Indigenous c Communities" approved by the gove.OOr ~santa" 1;''9, 1\r~ntina.pe liSt <jf eount~es that.have -qolated, intimidated and refuted the rights of Indigenous peoples continues to grow1All ~hJ dei1)o~trilles tha~ in ~raetiec, !be& oontiDues to'be violations and denial of ancestral Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The publicized WOdj q>n!ere.l& Human Rights of t.berUoited Nations in Vienna (1993), bad no significant ' anainments. "'-. I II! 4 It is important to emphasize, as a positiveoutcomeof]hisco~tintiOOS continentafand world struggle oflndigenous Peoples, that we have advanced nationally, regionally, continentally, and globally. The Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples organized by CONIC, ' ~! , tbe "Coordinadora de Naciones, Pueblos y Organizaciones lndfge®S ije\ Continente", last October, marked a historical milestone in the consolidation of continental unity, organization, self~riticis"j:. and P/?~itional political position. The hopes and yearning for a 1rue year of justice, peace, and hannony l' r our people is the wish of the entire Continental Indigenous o Community. With thesegoals in mind, we are building community, IoJkiDg to ibe future, and taking ftnn steps to voice our continental demands. are 1 1 'f tn • Peace, JUStice, and Harmony with Mother Earth SAIIC Board ofDireclors VO L 7 NO.3 3 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Editorial Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Editorial Item Type Journal Article Author SAIIC Board of Directors Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 3 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note An editorial highlighting developments in the indigenous community during the year of 1993. Attachment Title editorial.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] saiic Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Peoples World Conference on Human Rights of the United Nations Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/1a89e81d4925ec9c032ff67ecfcbda55.pdf 77430f53ef007cf10a7f55c57fdc9391 PDF Text Text SELF DETEHMI~ATION & TERRITORY Co~sTITUTIO~AL REVI S ION 1~ BIV\.ZIL: A Tt !HEAT TO I N DIGE="Ol'S RIGIITS BY e batUe for the rights of the over twO hundred Indigenous groups in Brazil seemed to have c.Jaimed a victory at the end of 1988. Bra:z.il 's newconstitution was drafted and approved that year, recognizing the rights of Indigenous peoples, including the right to their lands. A five year deadline for the demarcation of these lands was established. After obtaining Indigenous territory status they would be proleeted by the government against invasions. Only the Indigenous peoples would be able 10determine the use for theirlands, including. if they so wished, mining and forestry. This deadline expired on October 5, 1993, and only 266 of the 532 territories officially rcoognizcd bad been demarcated. The 1988constitulion also included a clause for its revision at the end of five years. This period also expired in October. If this revision lalces plaoe, the rights granted could be revoked. The validity of the demarcation of Indigenous territories and the current restrictions on the use of these lands are highly questioned by many groups that support the constitutional revision. Invariably, these groups are part of the elites that have lost advantages and privileges. The three chapters central to the debate arc those concerning agrarian reform, the environmen~ and the rights oflndigenous peoples. II is feared tha~ if carried through, the revision could lead to changes toward the Nco-liberal policies supported by the majority of the Brazilian con· gress. Spocial interest groups lobbying in the Congress will have great influence over be results oftherevision. The political climate in the congress is actually dominated by these diversctboughgenerallyconscrvativegroups. The lack of complementary judicial tools that are also adequate and agile, added to tbe inoperative power of the executive are also seriously threatening the conquCSIS made for indigenous rights. T: VOl. 7 NO. 3&4 SLt.L;"o.:L .J. \.IC\~111.1.<> One of the most significant conquests was that over the Yanomami territory in May, 1992. The granting of 9.6 million hectares demarcated as Yanomami territory is now in danger of revision. Although the official recognition bas not kept gold prospec!ors away, some groups contend that this area is ~xeecd­ ingly large for the Yanomarni. Another argument is that demarcation in border areas threatens national sovereignty Minister of Justice recently declared that the demarcationwillonlyoontinucinareaswbere there are no conflicts, a requisite nearly impossible to fu1fill, and lbal effectively baits the process of demarcation until the revision issue is resolved. This process could take months or even years. The Minister of Justice also bad the power of prohibiting access 10 indigenous areas, but the Supreme Tribunal recently revoked Ibis power. This will have serious consequences for groups that are still isolated. Their limited numbers are threatened by the illness and violence that nearly always follow contact with outsiders. In the 500 years since the beginning of European invasions, the population of Indigenous peoples of Brazil bas been reduced from over 5million to less than 500,000. Their territories today are only IO%oflbeiroriginal size. The biggest obstacle to their survival is theattitudeofBra:zilian society. To the majority of the population, Indigenous rights and environmentalism are not social priorities.. Hunger and poverty are ranked first These economic pressures create great tension between the Indigenous peoples and the new colonistS, poor migrants trying to establish fanns in their territories. Indigenous people are thus the most widely discriminated group in Brazil, frcqucntl yviewed as sicl<, dirty, and carriers of the Cholera virus. The physical and cultural survival of Indigenous peoples is not considered their right, but rather an eeeenlricity of environmentalists. Many Brazilians arc of the opinion thattbe resources of the tropical forests can and should be exploited for economic bencfi.ts alone. These benefits rarely reach !bose actually affeCied by poverty. This attitude needs 10 change if the rights establL5hedin 1988 aretobeupbeld and if the fight for indigenous rights is to be continued. by creating practically independent stales. This argument does not take into account the fact that Indigenous territories have existed in border areas for years. Indigenous groups like the Kayapo and the Guarani are involved in legal batUes to prove their rights 10 establishing territories thai cover areas in different countries. Though it is true that the constiiUiional revision would not aller tbe present situation it can risk tbe loss of the judicial principle that pbilosophically supports the rights ?f indigenous people. Thus, the Yanomarni and the Kayapo could lose the legal basis to defend their autonomy and territories, as well as looiQg the power 10 resolve other issues still not legally defined, such as their rights over intellectual property and germ plasma. The appropriate compensatory mechanisms are yet to be CSISblished. Recent events justify the urgency of the possibility of constitutional revision. The Sources: Porantim, Revisao Constitucional 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Constitutional Revision in Brazil: A Threat to Indigenous Rights Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Selene Jaramillo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Constitutional Revision in Brazil: A Threat to Indigenous Rights Item Type Journal Article Author Selene Jaramillo Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Brazilian 1988 constitution expired October 1993 and is due to be revised. If it is revised, negative public attitudes indicate that there is reason for indigenous populations to worry that they will lose rights granted to them under the 1988 constitution. Attachment Title Constitutional_Revision_In_Brazil_A_Threat_To_Indigenous_Rights.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil Constitutional Revision Kayapo land rights Yanomami https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7e895dbaaae26fd8c80657276251dca9.pdf b37d8d3708fae8460d09bd42b40591a2 PDF Text Text LoGGI~G TIIHEATENS 1~ h~· BHJTISJJ NATIO~s CoLt : ML~IA Stl-..m O'Doncll International attention has focused on Oayoquot Sound, British Colum· bia, wbert the battle over clear-cut logging of an old·gl()wtb rain forest has resulted in hundreds of arrests in Canada and protests at Canadian em· bassies around the world. Indigenous peoples make up about half the population in the Oayoquot Sound area. The Firsl Nations oppose the Canadian government's decision to clear-<:ut tbe forest and want a solu· tion that both preserves their natural environment and creates jobs for their people. A November 1993 court decision stated that the government of British Columbia mUSI consider Indigenous land rights wben awarding loggjng contradS. AspokespersonfortheNuu· cbab-nultb Tribal Council said he bopod his people would now he given a share of the loggjng profits and a guaranteed peroentage of the forestry jobs. About 70% of the Indigenous people in the area are unemployed. Canada's new prime minister has said he would be willing to declare the Oayoquot Sound area a national park if the province and the Nuu-<:hab-nulth First Nations agree. However, many Indigenous people in tbe area have reasons to he suspi· cious of his offer. A similar fight over loggjng of traditional Haida land in the nearby Queen Cbarlone Islands ended about six years ago when the federal government created a new national park on Haida territory. The government promised that tourism generated by the park 22 FJHST Giam redw()()(/s such as this one on Meares Island are threare.ned by clear-cut logging would create jobs for Indigenous peoples in the area but, six years later, the only new jobs have been given 10 white bureaucrats and tbe tourists have not appeared. Instead, an army of government bureaucrats arrived 10 tell the Haida how to care for forests they had been looking after for time immemorial. "It's like a new set of missionaries have been steaming in here to save us," a Haida woman told a reponer. "Butwe'renotbeingconvened. We know how to take cart of our land." Many 01her First Nations across Canada - , arc fighting the destruction wrought by logging companies on their traditional lands. In most eases, the Firsl Nations are not seeking an end to logging but want sustainable logging practices and a share of the jobs created. First Nations haveal.ready won many court battles but still the logging continues. Canada has been called tbe "Brazil of the North" because of its destructive fores~ry poUcies and a comparison he· tween the two countries reveals many similarities. For example, trees cover about 40% of bOlb. Nearly 100,000 Indigenous people live in Canada's tern· perote and boreal forest, and about 170,000 Indigenous people live in the Amazonian min fores~. In Canada, an acre of forest is clear-<:ut every 12 sec· onds while in Brazil, an acre ls cut or burned every nine seconds. While the seale of devastation in both counllies is similar, an important difference exists in the human motivat.ion behind the destruction. In Brazil, a driving force-for miniCSI destruclion is tbe poverty of the loggers, while in Canada, the driving force is tbe greed of multinational corpora· tioos. For more infonnation contact tbe Nuu· chah-nulth Tribal Council, wbieb represents the 14 First Nations in the rogion: Nuu-dlab·nullh Tribal Coondl PO Box 1383, Port Albernl BC, Canada V9Y 7M2. Phone: (604) 724STS7 Fax: (604) 7234163 Abya Ya l a News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Logging Threatens First Nations in British Columbia Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Susan O'Donell Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Logging Threatens First Nations in British Columbia Item Type Journal Article Author Susan O'Donell Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 22 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The First Nations opposed the British Colombia government's decision to clear-cut the forests on their land. In 1993, courts mandated that the government must consult with the First Nations when making a decision regarding logging. The First Nations are now faced with the desire to preserve the natural environment while still wanting to create jobs for their community. Attachment Title Logging_Threatens_First_Nations_In_British_Columbia.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] British Columbia Canada First Nations Indigenous Peoples Logging https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/067534fe4d32350c5c9a8062c1196c50.pdf 71cbc60043f07c50968ea7256ea4523e PDF Text Text EAL EPIDEMIC HITS COMMUNITIES OF SAN LORENZO, PERU n the Peruvian Indigenous communities of San Lorenzo, located close to the Ecuadorian border, an unidentified epidemic rosem bling the measles has spread voraciously, killing 5 and infecting 88 others. Symptoms include high fevers, skin eruptions, respiratory difficullies, hemorrhages, vomiting of blood, diarrhea, and bone pain. Representatives from tbe Ministry of Health have Oown to the respective sites to collect samples which are currently being evaluated in the United States. In the meantime, a vaccine against measles has been discovered to diminish lbe intensity of the illness, resulting in a campaign to vaccinate 13,000 people. The Minisl.ry of Health made an official agreement with the Interethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Jungle (AIDESEP) to develop an"Action for Health" program serving ISO Indigenous communities of the High Amazonas regions via the San Lorenzo Health C.nter. Eacb community elects Indigenous youth to be pall ofthe "Promoters of Health" network that is trained to respond to the needs of the community during times of crisis. In addition, the Ministry of Health appoints an lndigeoo+ prescntative to be in charge of the health needs of 8-IOcomm'"'/rie's. Previous cbolera and malaria epidemics were effectively brouh{t under control tbrougb I (@PTS JNlrriATIVE ON INDIGENO U S HEA,L "PH fter reviewing the "Heal!! ; the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas" initiative fonnulated at the Working Meeting on Indigenous Peoples and Health, held in Canada, from April 13to 17, the Directing Council of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), resolved to adopt Document CD37(JJ) during its Fourth Plenary Meeting held last September. The document which describes the initiative, was presented to PAHO by Colombian Senator Anatolio Quir3, Juan Reategui of Aidesep, Peru, and Mirna Cuninham, Miskito from Nicaragua. The resolution urges member governments to take steps in improving the deficient health and living conditions of the estimated 43 A VOl. 7 NO. 3 & 4 these networks. This is the second epidemic to reach the San Lorenzo communities in recent years. Malaria Falsiparum, before coming into San Lorenzo, bad spread in the border petroleum exploitation regions of the Ecuadorian rain forests with the arrival of obreros (oil workers) from other partS. Despite these positive efforts, both !be impacts of disease and severe water sbortages are driving San Lorenzo into an increasingly alanning health crisis. As a resul~ AIOESEP, its member organizations and the San Lorenzo Health C.nter are ealling for a revamping of Peru's bealtb care system for its Indigenous communities. For more infonnation contact: AIDESRP Av. San Rugeoio981 Urb. Santa Catalina-La Victoria Urna 13, Lima, Peru Tel: 71~21 ·- Fax: 72-4605 million Indigenous personsoftbe Ameri· cas as well as the participation of lndig· enous leaders and representatives in Ibis process. The resolution further eallson governments to strengthen the tochnieal, admin· isuative, and managerial capacity of na· tiona! and local institutions that are responsible for the health of Indigenous Juan Reategui or Ald<sep populations with a view to progressively 1 - - - - - --...J overcoming the lack of infonnation in this area and ensuring greater access to health services and quality care, thus contributing to a ttigher degree of equity. Member governments are further urged to work toward the transfonnation of health systems and the development of alternative models of care, including traditional medicine and disease prevention programs. The directing council also calls for the ~rticipation of Indigenous persons and their communities in all aspects of PAHO's work. For more inl'o: Pan Amtrkan Health Orga.ni1:alion 525 23rd St N.W. Washington DC 20037, USA 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Epidemic Hits Communities of San Lorenzo, Peru Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Epidemic Hits Communities of San Lorenzo, Peru Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 29 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Another epidemic infects the indigenous community of San Lorenzo, Peru bringing to light the weaknesses of the Peruvian health care system. AIDESEP and the San Lorenzo Health Center insist on renovation the health care system. Attachment Title Epidemic_Hits_Communities_Of_San_Lorenzo,_Peru.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] AIDESEP Epidemics Indigenous Peoples Ministry of Health Peru San Lorenzo https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/6576e328d2dcd6a5e06fe416b092bbcd.pdf 9d36efc933cd4ab92f3ef4e4ae11d025 PDF Text Text WoMI::N's !.! ~ ~==~-...J ! INDIGENOUS W O M EN I N BOLIVIA SET EXAMPLE F OR A B Y A T: Indigenous women of Bolivia have come to occupy an imponant and in uential role in the lndige.nous movement after many years of struggling for their rights and !boseof their peoples. Using Native American women as models of or~tion and unity, today, Bolivia has the greatest national organization of Indigenous women in tbe Abya Yala continent The Coordinating Commission of Indigenous Women of Bolivia (CCMIB) was cie· ated during tbe First National Gathering of Indigenous Women on July 1993, in Acbocalla, La Paz. The Commission's purpose is to strengthen the Indigenous, popular, and campesino (peasant) movements through tbe active participation of women. By orga· nizing different gatherin~ and seminars, the Commission seeks to unite all the Indigenous and non- Indigenous women's organizations working tbrougboutthecountry and promote tbe formation of leaders in the various mem· ber organizations. VoL 7 NO. 3&4 Y ALA The Commission is guided by the funda- Diroetors was eloeted to organize the Second mental principles of doeentralized authority Encounter, which will take place next yw, and respoet for tbe autonomy of each member and where a permanent Boald will be eloeted. organization. In addition, !bough it is a women's organization it is not "feminist" Instead, the Commission looks to compli· ment its activities with those of its maJecoun· tcrpartS, since, as on participant affirmed, "in e original,traditionalcommunities,separatelevels of power between a man and woman did not exist A eouple made doeisions of mutual a:t:..J:....::II-iOiliriA• •lilllllll aooord, because the struggles of both the men ~ and tbe women were tbe same." Nevenhe· For More Information coniJ>Ct: less, taking into aecounttbe marginalization that the government's exclusion policies Combi6n Coordinadora dt' makes them face, the Indigenous women have 7\fuj('rC's lndl::<"na.~ de Rolhia considered unification a priority so that they Casilla 2315 can begin to devise theirO\vn methods to eloet Calle Yanacocha \o. +II representatives of their nationalities to the Edif. ..\reo lris.l'i<o 13. Oficina 13112 Bolivian government La Pa1. lloli•ia During the Encounter, the unification of 25 women's organizations was consolidated Telephone: 369.963 in tbe CCMIB, and an interim Board of � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Women in Bolivia Set Example for Abya Yala Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Women in Bolivia Set Example for Abya Yala Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 25 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Coordingating Commission of Indigenous Women of Bolivia(CCMIB) formed in July 1993 was created with the purpose of promoting indigenous involvement in movements across the country. CCMIB is carrying out this goal by focusing on electing representatives of indigenous communities to the Bolivian government. Attachment Title Indigenous_Women_In_Bolivia_Set_Examples_For_Abya_Yala.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Bolivia CCMIB Indigenous women https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/d8d25bb61ae0dfdbf919850ed9756a4b.pdf dc7b5962f36fe6c026c87ac63e1fab00 PDF Text Text 0HGA:".'IZATIO:".' & COMMUNICATION. SEEKING UNITY IN GUERRERO epresentatives from Nahuatl, Mixtooo llapanooo and Amuzgo communities attende<l tbe First Congress of Indigenous representatives of Guerrero from September 23 to 26 !993. This conference was a big Slep forward in tbe unification of Indigenous Communities of Guerrero and their struggle to estahlisb autonomy. The rights of Indigenous communities, including land rights and perspectives regarding culture and development, were among the themes addressed during the conference. ill terms of Indigenous rights, the need for the recognition of individual rights as well as traditional forms of enforcing justice was expressed. The election of commissioners within municipalities and the partitioning of Indigenous land by the Dcpattment of Agriculture was denounced as going againSt tbc traditional communal land structure. Propo6als in relation to these issues were tal<en to the National Consultation Forum of lnd.igenous Nations, where land issues and the enforcement of Article 169 are dealt with. In addition, a propo6al for the passage of a law entitled Indigenous Electoral of the Sixth District, which would allow for Indigenous representation R within the Chamber of Deputies, was put fonb. The need for direct patticipation in development programs taking place throughout the region was discussed. In this contex~ a format (or devising solutions to problems of education, unwieldy infrastructure of services, the sustainable use of natural resources and the financing of agricultura.l production was designed. In order to implement the solutions and projects, the creation of a government fund for tbe economic development of Guerrero's Indigenous communitics, to be managed by tbe communities themselves, was suggested. In order to preserve their traditional cultures, the representatives pcoposcd the creationof educational programs in which children could learn the music, dance and language of their people. The Second Conferenoc will be taking place March 15, 1994. e lnteramerican Encounter on lndig enous Rights and Common Law took place from June 16-19 at the beadquarters of the Alliance for Development in Guatemala. The event was organized by MayaOdtureCenter(CECMA). Representalives from different Indigenous organizations from throughout the continent pattieipated, including: National Indigenous Organization T: Vol. 7 NO. 3&4 of Colombia (ONIC), The Honduran FederationoftheXieaqueofYoroTribes(FETRIXJ), the General Guayami Congress and Kunas United for Napguana both from Panama, Sejekto of CoSia Rica, the Council of Mayan Organizat.ions of Guatemala, representatives of the Autonomous University of Mexico as well as representatives from SAUC in the United States. 35 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interamerican Encounter on Indigenous Rights and Common Law Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Interamerican Encounter on Indigenous Rights and Common Law Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 35 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Interamerican Encounter on Indigenous Rights and Common Law was an event organized by Maya Culture Center that took place on June 16-19 in Gatemala. Attachment Title Interamerican_Encounter_On_Indigenous_Rights_And_Common_Law.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CECMA Guatemala Maya saiic