3 12 46 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/0a6616598a165ace25b8b6461daeb98d.pdf 90d2dfba11ba826e7e26db6ed39336fb PDF Text Text Brazilian Army Recruits Yanomami Indians Several Yanouwni Indians are "serving" in the Brazilian Army at the Maturaca poet. located in the Slate of Amazonas. The one-year enlistment oi the Yanomami is part oi a strategy by the Brazilian Armed ~ to "integrate" indigenous populations into the "national community." The military rommandf!IS' Sbategy is based on the idees oi •national sovereignty" and "national security.• They rear that Indian groupe will form their own nation inside the Brazilian territory. ln July, Roraima governor and former brigadier general Ottomar de Souza Pinto, rompared the Yanomami situation to the Kurds in inlq. The relationship between the Yanomami and the military in the Maturaca region is similar to that oi the Yanomami and the gold-miners. The anny wants to Increase its presence in Maturaca. That is why soldiers are building an UJegal road between the city oi Sio Gabriel da Cachoeira and the post in Maturaca. Five Jcilometers oi the road have already beEn completed. The road is UJegal because it cui$ through the Pico da Neblina National Park and the military has not even presented an Bnvironmental Impact Report to the government environmental nkuna Massacre Update (Brazil) March 28th marked three years since the Tlkuna massacre, when 14 Tikuna men, women and children were shot to death at the command of logger, Oscar Castello Branco, near the city of Benjamin Constant in the state of Amazonas, in the Brazilian Amazon. This was the most serious documented massacre of Brazilian Indians in the last twenty years. The 15.000 Tlkuna on the upper SolimOes River form the largest Indian nationality in Brazil. In recent years, they have suffered increasing incursions by loggers, commercial fisheries, and local elites on their lands. At the same time, their organizing in defense of their traditional lands has grown stronger. Since 1988, legal investigation of the crime has slowly proceeded in Benjamin Constant. At the end of last year, the judge responsible for the case indicted aU of the accused, who are now to stand trial before a local jury, chosen from the residents of the city. The general opinion in the city, however, leads us to believe that this will not be an impartial bia1 Most of the local people have shown support for the logger, who is well-known in the region. In general, there is hostility towards the Indians and their presence in the area. Consequently, the Tikuna and their support organizations are requesting that the judge and the pubtic prosecutor ask the Tribunal of Justice of the state of Amazonas for a change of venue. It is hoped that the trial will be held in the state capital of Manaus. The local judge and prosecutor- the only authorities who can legally make the request- are reluctant to do so. If this situation continues, the likely • outcome is impunity for the defendants, who would be tried in Bcn~1min Constant. and very tikely, be absolved. We request that concerned individuals and organizations send letters or telegrams to the authorities noted below, requesting that the Tribunal reexamine the Tlkuna massacre case, keeping in mind the hostile atti.tudes towards Indian people in the city of Benjamin Constant and th.1t a change of venue be granted. Please send these letters to: Exmo. Sr. Dr. luis Henrique Braz Juiz de Direito do Comorco de Benjamin Constont F orum de Benjamin Constont, 69630 Benjamin Constont, AM, BRAZIL Exmo. Sr. Dr. Sergio Medeiros Promotoo de Justico do Comorco de Benjamin Constont Forum de Benjamin Constant, 69630 Benjamin Constant, AM, BAAZIL agency. Exmo. Sr. Dr. Gaspar Cotundo de Sousa Desemborgador Presidente do Tribunal de Justico do Amozonas Ruo 10 de julho, no. 833 Centro, 69007 Monaus, AM, BRAZIL Send copies ol onconespondence to: mbassy Ambassador Morcilio Marques Moreiro, Brazilian E 3006 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA Fox: 202-745-2728 SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tikuna Massacre Update Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Tikuna Massacre Update Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 22 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Finding justice for the Tikuna massacre proves to be difficult. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p022.pdf abyayala_v06n01_02_p022.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] [No URL] Brazil Tikuna https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/99435649324af3e5b2e7dff9ada49a9d.pdf 90d2dfba11ba826e7e26db6ed39336fb PDF Text Text Brazilian Army Recruits Yanomami Indians Several Yanouwni Indians are "serving" in the Brazilian Army at the Maturaca poet. located in the Slate of Amazonas. The one-year enlistment oi the Yanomami is part oi a strategy by the Brazilian Armed ~ to "integrate" indigenous populations into the "national community." The military rommandf!IS' Sbategy is based on the idees oi •national sovereignty" and "national security.• They rear that Indian groupe will form their own nation inside the Brazilian territory. ln July, Roraima governor and former brigadier general Ottomar de Souza Pinto, rompared the Yanomami situation to the Kurds in inlq. The relationship between the Yanomami and the military in the Maturaca region is similar to that oi the Yanomami and the gold-miners. The anny wants to Increase its presence in Maturaca. That is why soldiers are building an UJegal road between the city oi Sio Gabriel da Cachoeira and the post in Maturaca. Five Jcilometers oi the road have already beEn completed. The road is UJegal because it cui$ through the Pico da Neblina National Park and the military has not even presented an Bnvironmental Impact Report to the government environmental nkuna Massacre Update (Brazil) March 28th marked three years since the Tlkuna massacre, when 14 Tikuna men, women and children were shot to death at the command of logger, Oscar Castello Branco, near the city of Benjamin Constant in the state of Amazonas, in the Brazilian Amazon. This was the most serious documented massacre of Brazilian Indians in the last twenty years. The 15.000 Tlkuna on the upper SolimOes River form the largest Indian nationality in Brazil. In recent years, they have suffered increasing incursions by loggers, commercial fisheries, and local elites on their lands. At the same time, their organizing in defense of their traditional lands has grown stronger. Since 1988, legal investigation of the crime has slowly proceeded in Benjamin Constant. At the end of last year, the judge responsible for the case indicted aU of the accused, who are now to stand trial before a local jury, chosen from the residents of the city. The general opinion in the city, however, leads us to believe that this will not be an impartial bia1 Most of the local people have shown support for the logger, who is well-known in the region. In general, there is hostility towards the Indians and their presence in the area. Consequently, the Tikuna and their support organizations are requesting that the judge and the pubtic prosecutor ask the Tribunal of Justice of the state of Amazonas for a change of venue. It is hoped that the trial will be held in the state capital of Manaus. The local judge and prosecutor- the only authorities who can legally make the request- are reluctant to do so. If this situation continues, the likely • outcome is impunity for the defendants, who would be tried in Bcn~1min Constant. and very tikely, be absolved. We request that concerned individuals and organizations send letters or telegrams to the authorities noted below, requesting that the Tribunal reexamine the Tlkuna massacre case, keeping in mind the hostile atti.tudes towards Indian people in the city of Benjamin Constant and th.1t a change of venue be granted. Please send these letters to: Exmo. Sr. Dr. luis Henrique Braz Juiz de Direito do Comorco de Benjamin Constont F orum de Benjamin Constont, 69630 Benjamin Constont, AM, BRAZIL Exmo. Sr. Dr. Sergio Medeiros Promotoo de Justico do Comorco de Benjamin Constont Forum de Benjamin Constant, 69630 Benjamin Constant, AM, BAAZIL agency. Exmo. Sr. Dr. Gaspar Cotundo de Sousa Desemborgador Presidente do Tribunal de Justico do Amozonas Ruo 10 de julho, no. 833 Centro, 69007 Monaus, AM, BRAZIL Send copies ol onconespondence to: mbassy Ambassador Morcilio Marques Moreiro, Brazilian E 3006 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA Fox: 202-745-2728 SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brazilian Army Recruits Yanomami Indians Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Brazilian Army Recruits Yanomami Indians Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 22 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p022.pdf abyayala_v06n01_02_p022.pdf abyayala_v06n01_02_p022.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] [No URL] [No URL] https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/42566495409f64efcde9c435aa417866.pdf 75f86207dfffced55bc91ecbba0e97e2 PDF Text Text UNI, CIMI AND OTHERS SIGN AGREEMENT TO COOPERATE (Brazil) July 21-24, the Federation of Indigenous Organizations of the Rio Negro held an Indigenous assembly in Silo Gabriel da Cachoeira, in Amazonas, Brazil. Ten indigenous organizations of the Rio Negro participated in the assembly, as well as Manoel Moura, director of Coordinating Group of Indigenous People of the Brazilian Amazon (COIAB), and Ailton Krenak, of the national office of the Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI}. The local and national indigenous leaders at the meeting signed a letter of agreement, with significant implications for the future of the indigenous movement in Brazil. A translation of the document follows. • • •• •• 1. Considering that this meeting of indigenous organizations of the Rio Negro, called by FOIRNthe Federation of Indigenous~~tionsof the Rio Negro - has broad participation of local leaders, throughout the directorates of the associa- tions; 2. Considering the presence of representatives of the directorate of COIAB (Coordinatil1g Group oflndigenous People of the Brazilian Amazon); 3. Considering the presence of representatives of the National Coordination of UNI (Union of Indigenous Nations), and the themes and proposals discussed at this meeting; • • We resolve: a) to sign this protoeol defining an agenda for work on three levels of organization; b) to prepare a common agenda to formulate a program for structuring the local, regional and national indigenous movement; c) to declare together a public conunitment, with all of the legally constituted indigenous organizations, associations, councils, etc., to define the form and date to convene the voting members of each organization for the definition of the model of national organization that we want, and its structu.r e and mandate; the indigenous struggle of the positive result of the meeting and the urgent necessity of having a civil orgarrizatiOn; e) to communicate with the groups that support the indigenous struggle, in order that they cease the dissidence that hinders the indigenous movement when they undertake parallel programs of a paternalistic, academic nature; f) that the indigenous organizations and support groups are responsible for national mobilization so that the Congress does not alter indigenous rights assured by the Constitution; being in agreement, all the indigenous organizations represented sign this protoeol. (signed by 34 indigenous leaders, representing the organizations listed below) UNI - Union of Indigenous Notions (Notional) COlAS - Coordinating Group of the Indigenous Organizations of Amazonia FOIRN - Federation of the Indigenous Organizations of the Rio Negro ACIRI - Association of the Indigenous Communities of the Rio leona ACITRUT - Association of the Indigenous Communities of • Tarawa, Rios Voupes and Tiquie UNIDI - Union of Indigenous Nations • • of the louorete District UCIDI - Union of the Indigenous Communilies of the louorete District UNIRT - Union of Indigenous Notions of the Rio Tiquie ACIBRN - Association of the Indigenous Communities of the Lower Rio Negro AINBAL - Boloio Indigenous Auociotion ACIRNE- Association of the Indigenous Communities of the Rio Negro AMITRUT -Association of Indigenous Women of Torouoco, Rios Voupes and Tiquie ARCINE - Rural Association of Indigenous Communities of the Rio Negro In agreement with item d), the support groups listed below sign: CEDI - Ecumenical Center lor Documentation and Information NDI - Nucleus of Indigenous Rights CIMI - Indigenous Missionary Council d) to inform all our grassroots supporters through the channels of communication of the groups that support Vol 6 Nos 1&2 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UNI, CIMI, and Others Sign Agreement to Cooperate Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title UNI, CIMI, and Others Sign Agreement to Cooperate Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Indigenous organizations agree to work together for a common goal. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p023.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil CIMI UNI https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/479696a2773ea32678938b13f3a09ad0.pdf 7647e0e0551d6b7a6199a55b5fe29b47 PDF Text Text AN URGENT PLEA FROM THE SURUi (Brazil) The Surul Indian people of Rond6nia, conflicts and marry aiSU41/Us among both colonists and Indians, we sucatded in expelling the colonists from our resm>es without represented by the Metareili Organization of the Surul lndigmous People, sent SAJJC the following comuniqu~ to publicize their current situation. govmrmental support. Weare... located at ki/Qmeter 50 in the municipality of Cacoal and live on our traditional lands in six villages. Our population is esli11U1ted to be 511 and we/rave been in coniACI with the national sodety for over 20 ytt~rsand have adApted marryofthecustoms of thissodety. The majority of us wtar western clothes, know the value of mmuy, and 1!111 foods that are different from our traditional did. In 1978, the Suruf lands were invaded by colonists. After marry CurrenJiy, weare collt%med about S«Urity. The Surufs of Rond6nia are suffering marry thrl!llts and tvtn murders. Rtctnlly a Suruf Indian was killed by gunmen hired by ranchers who had invaded the indigenous rescve of the Zor6Indians (The Surufs allied themselves with the Zor61ndians in order to expel the colonizing ranchers). The Surufs of Rondonia have suffered much persecution at the hands of the ranchers, politicians and policeoftheMunici· polity of Caecal. The government has not taken a single measure regarding these persecutions. Ml!llnwhile, the Surufs live with dangerandanxidy,ftrJring moremasstU:Ttsas long as there is no justice. Jm 'rrrrW....-~~. Suicides Plague the Guarani-Kaiowa (Brazil) Suidde, almost unheard of among Indians in the past, Is a disturbing new phenomenon among the Guarani-Kaiowa people in Brazil's western state of Mato Grosso do Sui. Early this year Maura Ramirez, a 15 yearold, hung herself from a tree on the reservation. Her sister, Helena, one year older, had done the same a few months earlier. Since last year, 25 Guarani-Kaiowa have committed suidde and 37 others have attempted it according to statistics from FUNAI (the government's National indian Institute). Anthropologists blame this on the loss of land and OJitural identity in the face of an invasion by ranche!s and farmetS. More than half of the traditional lands claimed by the Guarani-Kaiowas have been settled by outsiders. "What we are seeing is a 01lture in agony, pleading for help/ said anthropologist Maria Aparecida de Costa Pereira, who recently completed a study of the tribe. Violence and disease have dedmated Indian people since Pedro Alvares Cabral and the Portuguese arrived In Brazil in the 16th century. A native population estimated at 5 million in 1500 has been reduced to 220,000 today. The 7200 Guarani-Kaiowa who live on an 8,000 acre reservation have been experiencing increasing pressures In the past few years. Currently the land they have is not enough to sustain their subsistenoe farming. Judges are hostile to indigmousclaims, and readily accept white landowners' property deeds, which are often obtained fraudulcnUy. Ambrosio, a Guarani-Kaiowa leader asks: "What documents do they want from us beyond our nesh and blood? We were born here, as were our mothers, 24 fathers and grandparents, who are buried on this land." The current situation makes the young men leave In search of work as migrant farmers, to cut sugar cane for one of the alcohol distilleries that dot the region, or to migrate to the cities. Sin<:e eligible mates are scarce many Guarani-Kaiowa young women seek work in Dourados, a city of 80,000 near the reservation. Many of them work as maids or prostitutes, only to be rejected after returning to their people. Many of those who have committed suidde did so shortly aftes- returning to the reservation from outside work- or while drunk. Some Guarani-Kaiowa are abandoning traditional faiths and joining Pentecostal sects in the area. Eduardo Leao, an offidai with the Roman Catholic-linl<ed Indig· enous Missionary Council (CJMI), claims that the GuaraniKaiowa believe that they will go to their father's house after they die, where they will be able to live in the traditional manner. "So suicide is not a negation of life but a way of prolonging it." FUNAI officials say they cannot legally set aside more land for the Guarani-Kaiowa, but leao criticizes the government for ignoring the constitutional guarantees of protection for indigmous lands and cultures. "Defending the tribe doesn't require anything extraordinary, but simply obeying the law.lf the federal government doesn't do something soon, theGuarani-Kaiowa are going to disappear." Soomot: S.• Frvr<isa> ~.by KDt Silomi<Vc SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Urgent Plea from the Surui Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title An Urgent Plea from the Surui Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 24 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note The Surui ask for help with security. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p024.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil rondonia Surui https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/81fc68a3dc5fffb6d437025f38547f0c.pdf 7647e0e0551d6b7a6199a55b5fe29b47 PDF Text Text AN URGENT PLEA FROM THE SURUi (Brazil) The Surul Indian people of Rond6nia, conflicts and marry aiSU41/Us among both colonists and Indians, we sucatded in expelling the colonists from our resm>es without represented by the Metareili Organization of the Surul lndigmous People, sent SAJJC the following comuniqu~ to publicize their current situation. govmrmental support. Weare... located at ki/Qmeter 50 in the municipality of Cacoal and live on our traditional lands in six villages. Our population is esli11U1ted to be 511 and we/rave been in coniACI with the national sodety for over 20 ytt~rsand have adApted marryofthecustoms of thissodety. The majority of us wtar western clothes, know the value of mmuy, and 1!111 foods that are different from our traditional did. In 1978, the Suruf lands were invaded by colonists. After marry CurrenJiy, weare collt%med about S«Urity. The Surufs of Rond6nia are suffering marry thrl!llts and tvtn murders. Rtctnlly a Suruf Indian was killed by gunmen hired by ranchers who had invaded the indigenous rescve of the Zor6Indians (The Surufs allied themselves with the Zor61ndians in order to expel the colonizing ranchers). The Surufs of Rondonia have suffered much persecution at the hands of the ranchers, politicians and policeoftheMunici· polity of Caecal. The government has not taken a single measure regarding these persecutions. Ml!llnwhile, the Surufs live with dangerandanxidy,ftrJring moremasstU:Ttsas long as there is no justice. Jm 'rrrrW....-~~. Suicides Plague the Guarani-Kaiowa (Brazil) Suidde, almost unheard of among Indians in the past, Is a disturbing new phenomenon among the Guarani-Kaiowa people in Brazil's western state of Mato Grosso do Sui. Early this year Maura Ramirez, a 15 yearold, hung herself from a tree on the reservation. Her sister, Helena, one year older, had done the same a few months earlier. Since last year, 25 Guarani-Kaiowa have committed suidde and 37 others have attempted it according to statistics from FUNAI (the government's National indian Institute). Anthropologists blame this on the loss of land and OJitural identity in the face of an invasion by ranche!s and farmetS. More than half of the traditional lands claimed by the Guarani-Kaiowas have been settled by outsiders. "What we are seeing is a 01lture in agony, pleading for help/ said anthropologist Maria Aparecida de Costa Pereira, who recently completed a study of the tribe. Violence and disease have dedmated Indian people since Pedro Alvares Cabral and the Portuguese arrived In Brazil in the 16th century. A native population estimated at 5 million in 1500 has been reduced to 220,000 today. The 7200 Guarani-Kaiowa who live on an 8,000 acre reservation have been experiencing increasing pressures In the past few years. Currently the land they have is not enough to sustain their subsistenoe farming. Judges are hostile to indigmousclaims, and readily accept white landowners' property deeds, which are often obtained fraudulcnUy. Ambrosio, a Guarani-Kaiowa leader asks: "What documents do they want from us beyond our nesh and blood? We were born here, as were our mothers, 24 fathers and grandparents, who are buried on this land." The current situation makes the young men leave In search of work as migrant farmers, to cut sugar cane for one of the alcohol distilleries that dot the region, or to migrate to the cities. Sin<:e eligible mates are scarce many Guarani-Kaiowa young women seek work in Dourados, a city of 80,000 near the reservation. Many of them work as maids or prostitutes, only to be rejected after returning to their people. Many of those who have committed suidde did so shortly aftes- returning to the reservation from outside work- or while drunk. Some Guarani-Kaiowa are abandoning traditional faiths and joining Pentecostal sects in the area. Eduardo Leao, an offidai with the Roman Catholic-linl<ed Indig· enous Missionary Council (CJMI), claims that the GuaraniKaiowa believe that they will go to their father's house after they die, where they will be able to live in the traditional manner. "So suicide is not a negation of life but a way of prolonging it." FUNAI officials say they cannot legally set aside more land for the Guarani-Kaiowa, but leao criticizes the government for ignoring the constitutional guarantees of protection for indigmous lands and cultures. "Defending the tribe doesn't require anything extraordinary, but simply obeying the law.lf the federal government doesn't do something soon, theGuarani-Kaiowa are going to disappear." Soomot: S.• Frvr<isa> ~.by KDt Silomi<Vc SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Suicides Plague the Guarani-Kaiowa Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Silverstein Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Suicides Plague the Guarani-Kaiowa Item Type Journal Article Author Ken Silverstein Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 24 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Suicide rates climb in Indian communities. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p024.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil Guarani Kaiowa suicide https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/046860b09159ce0a40a74f9674e934bb.pdf cb8ce3910fedeb5dac5c4ebe9a79adcc PDF Text Text unites all Kuna prople and organizations. Eve')' six months the problems of our prople arc reviewed in this congress. Du.ring the rest of the year our communities and organizations work independently. Distinct political and even ideological positions are respected. What unites us is the defense of our region. our Mother Earth, and our culture. 'The Kuna Region of Madungandi is being threatened by the invasion of non·indigenous colonists. 'Those who live in the jungle region are on mountainous lands which are less productive, the result of a forced relocation in 1974 and 1975 by the fonncr government of General Omar Torrijos. The government decided to build a hydroelectric dam in the region in order to supply electridty to the republic. Ironically, today, our brothers still do not have electricity. They do not enjoy any of the benefits of this socalled "technological development." They live in the province of Panama, under the direct administration of the authorities of that province. 'Their situation worsened in 1974 and 1975 when the government of Omar Torrijos nooded their territories and turned them into an artificial lake. Now the lake generates approximately 45% of the country's elcctridty. The cultivated lands of the Kuna were nooded, the prople were displaaxl to inhospitable a.nd less productive areas, and they received little compensation for their losses. In contrast, the colonists or invaders were relocated to better parts and given compensation for the loss of land and cultivated areas. Since the origins of this problem nearly 20 years ago, the stealing of lands from the Kuna has continued. Today, it is lead by wealthy landowners and cattle ranchers who manipulate disputes between poor proplc and our brothers in order to eventually take over the land themselves. These invasions have increased since the US invasion of Panama, as a result of the confusion and lad< of applied justice. On the 10th of july, 1991, the Kuna of Madungandi began a series of peaceful protcsts, an uprising. The Panamanian authorities immediately stated that the "'Kuna indigenous prople, using heavy weapons, have risen up_. to destabilize the present government." This became the pretext for the governor of the province to request the police intervention in order to repress the Kuna. Fortunately, their false daims were disregarded and confronted with courage by our brot.hers, with the support of the Kuna Yala. 'The Kuna who live on the isla.n dsengage in subsistence production. The men generally work in fishing the seas and agricultural production, in particular the production of coconut. which is our main source of cash income. We sell coconuts to Colombian ships, and many of us exchange it for food products. The Panamanian government has done little or nothing to purchase coconut from us and to look for a solution to the deep economic crisis affecting our regions. Amongst our prople, we continue to barter for food products, which contributes slightly toward alleviating the crisis. The women, in tum., dedicate themselves primarily to the home and to the care of children. (Su At~ncio, p. 45) 26 The Kuna Speak about 500 Years of Resistance (Panama) Our organization, along with other Indigenous organizations in Panama have coordinated the 500yearscampaign ina united way. We see 1992asa time to commemorate not only 500 years of resistance, but also to reinforce ties of unity amongst ourselves. This will enable us to better confront our enemies who tty to divide us and deny our existence. It is for this reason that we recognize the struggle of other poor and marginalized sec:lors of our eountty. Ukc us, they fight for their survival and for rcspe<t of their rights. However, we do not tolerate those nonindigenous organizations that want to capitalize on the 500 years campaign for politic:al purposes. They want to use indigenous proples without understanding and recogniz.. ing the nature of our struggles. We do not deny the struggle of other sectors of Abya Yala (continent, In the Kuna la. guage). On the n contra')', our continent will be free only when all sectors. .. arc free. However, there are attempts to undermine the u.nity among indigenous peoples by using us when we arc in the limelight. and simultaneously giving priority to other struggles. I believe that 1992 should not be seen as the end of the indigenous struggle.lnstead, we must realize that our struggle will continue beyond 1992, until there is recognition of all of our rights of self-determination for our territ<>ries. This must be understood by those popular groups who support us. They should not see in the struggle of indigenous prople, the opportunity to achieve their own aspirations. We are in solidarity with them, and we thank them for their solidarity. And we recognize that there are divisionsamongst indigenous proples, but in spite of all of these, 1992 should be a year for monumental unity, in order to challenge our enemies. Our Mother Earth is being beaten. and her children should be united to defend her. In Panama we have a 500 Years National Commit• tee composed of indigenous and non·indigenous groups. The indigenous proples include the Kuna, Guayrnie, and Embera. We want the Committee to be composed not solely of prople from the capital and big dties, but rather prople from the communities of our regions. We are proposing a National Gathering to deal with many issues, including that of greater unity in order to defend our rights and demands to the national government. I would like to call on all of our brothers and sisters of the continent to keep our fists high- together we will advance along a path of unity and liberation of our proples. SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Kuna Speak about 500 Year of Resistance Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The Kuna Speak about 500 Year of Resistance Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 26 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note remembering 500 years of Indigenous struggle Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p026.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 500 years of resistance Kuna Panama https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/75ccdc4e186074bd4be814fb7f063502.pdf 7045adbccabcdc062e3980704b983f24 PDF Text Text SUMO & MISKITO TIMBER GIVEN TO TAIWAN COMPANY <Nicaragua) An agreement of economic cooperation was made between the Chamono government and the Taiwanese government where Taiwan has pledged $100 million to rover part of the arrears payments on Nicaragua's foreign debt- plus an unknown amount of aid to theOrtegaanny. Shortly after, Pedro Joaquin Chamono, son of President Chamono, and present Ambassador to Taiwan, brought Fernando Chan, the front man for the Taiwanese fi.n n Fquipe Enterprise, Ltd., to General Humberto Ortcg~> to seek a logging ronccssion. Ironically, Chan, a Nicaraguan, was reportedly the business advisor for the late Hope Somoza, wife of the former d ictator Anastasio Somoza, and for their son Tachito. Equipe Enterprise solid ted a renewable :ZO.year forestry ronc:ession for the exploitation of 470,000 hectares of tropical forest in northeastern Nicaragua. It is 1,814 square miles, an area about the size of the state of Delaware. They will be cutting approximately five trees per hectare peryea.r. Under this agreement, 200.000 hectares of forest will feed a pulp paper mill and 270,000 hectares of forest will feed a plywood and lumber mill, both to be installed by Equlpe Enterprise. The Taiwanese also requested exoneration from taxes and rights to the acquisition of infrastructure at discounted prices. nities' socia.l problems and destroys the ecological s~ the rivers, the soil, the wild animals and their hJstoriCally natural habitat. Both the Sumo and Miskito communities have strongly opposed thisroncesslon and have stated that this p roject will further endanger their ho meland, making their survival even more difficult. Sumo leaders have written a letter asking the international community to help them protect the forest. The authorities of the Autonomous Region of the North A tlantic have filed a protest claiming the concession violates their rig)'ots as established in the Law of Auto nomy and the Constitution. They demanded the "immediate suspension of all action in this case, full disc~ of the details of the contract, and the establishment of a national law regulating the usc of natural resources before any concession is p ut into effect." They have further stated," A failure to comply with these demands will foroe us to exert our rig)'ots to defend our patrimony." Please write letters ol concem 10 President VioleiO Chomorro, Antonio Locoyo and G-rol Humbetto Ortego c/o the Nicoroguan Embossy, 1627 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Woshington DC 20009 ond send o fox to Joime lncet, Minister ol Natural R esources in Nicaroguo, (IRENA) ot 5052·31274. On the evening of August 5, 1991, before departing for Taiwan, and after being authorized by Antonio Lacayo, Minister of the Presidency, Mr. Patricio Jerez, Vice-Minister of IRENA (the natural resourccsdepartrnenO, signed an exploitation ron tract with Equipe Nicaragua, S.A. President Chamono's government ron tinucs to deny that such a ron tract was signed. Local rommunities and those in charge of regional plaMing were not ronsulted. Althoug)'o most of the 470,000 hectares belo ng to the state, they include some of the traditional tcnitories o f the Sumo and Miskito lndians. A roncession of this type ignores the rig)'ots of the indigenous communities to usc a.n d enjoy their natural resources and to participate in the decisionmaking, increases the commu- Vol6 Nos 1&2 27 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sumo and Miskito Timber Given to Taiwan Company Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Sumo and Miskito Timber Given to Taiwan Company Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 27 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note In an shady deal, a timber company is sold to Taiwan. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p027.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chamorro Violeta Nicaragua https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/675fceb45da9c49b5a0f7e42da5ce7d7.pdf 2b91061d87da45daff8c15982fd647b5 PDF Text Text SUMO LEADERS DENOUNCE TIMBER CONCESSIONS (Niazragua) The following letter, denouncing the cotreeSSibns urzs written by Sumo ~and sent to Mark Plotkin of Conservatibn lntenullicmal. Managua , September 4 , 1991 Dear Friend : We form part of a Sumo commission that is making inquiries to learn the terms of the contract signed by the government of Nicaragua and the Taiwanese company Equipe Enterprise , Ltd . We understand that the concession is of 375, 000 hectares . Our forest is being sold off and we have not been consulted on the utilization and destruction of the forest . Throughout history, Sumo people have struggled to preserve their traditions and their dignity . OUr traditions - cultural , ecological and religious - have not been respected . All the past governments utilized our natural resources without regard for the well - being of our communities . It would be important to reflect upon the true situation of the indigenous people , about the role of human rights defenders , and especially about the national laws and the role of the indigenous legislators . With regard to the rights and the struggles of the indigenous people, what is the relationship bet ween democracy and human rights? How do human rights .... . :. • • • • - • .... • fit i n? Do we or don ' t we have any rights? We urge the international communit y to lend its support . This is not just an issue of conservation, but an issue of human rights . In the name of the Sumo People, we hope that you will continue to help us . Ernesto Almendares 28 Ronas Dolores SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sumo Leaders Denounce Timber Concessions Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ernesto Almendares Ronas Dolores Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Sumo Leaders Denounce Timber Concessions Item Type Journal Article Author Ernesto Almendares Ronas Dolores Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 28 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Letter from Sumo leaders to Conservation International. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p028.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Nicaragua Sumo https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/0b9448aa94722fe727b6b6ef5264be7a.pdf 16c5b487467a9c010c2c5754736cb850 PDF Text Text ; THE NGO BE (GUAYMI) CALL FOR A N EGALITARIAN AND PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY IN PANAMA (Panama) The Native lands of the Ngobe (Guayml) people are located in the mountain range of Veraguas, Chiriqui and Bocas del Toro as well as on the island of Escudo Veraguas. This critically poor region is being invaded; the Ngobe a.r e being subjected to an unjust and foreign judicial system and are struggling to survive in an inhospitable ahnOsphere with inadequate health care and education. The Ngobe consist of some 110,000 people, the largest Native population in Panama. 1beir history of resistance and contributions remain unrecorded in the official history of Panama. Their demands for justice are not acknowledged by those in power, and they are economically discriminated against by a system which covets the natural resources found on Ngobe land. The Ngobe have struggled for two decades to legally obtain tiUement to their land. Known as the Guaymi region, the approximately 13,000 square kilometers is where they have subsisted for thousands of years and historically developed their culture. They have lost vast areas of fertile lowlands to wealthy landowners. This has resulted in an unjust, discriminatory and prejudicial relationship with local and national govenunents. Even in the high mountain ranges, their lands are not secure. Transnational corporations have opposed the legal entitlement of the Guaymi region because of the mineral, energy and forestry resources found there. At a seminar on Human Rights, organizro by the Guaymi Liberation Front on june 1, 1991, the Guaymi Native people and peasants presented a declaration demanding the legal recognition of the Guaymi region, a denouncement of the inefficiency of the judicial administration and human rights violations. A few days later, the Panamanian Cabinet Council announced Resolution 043-91, authorizing the Executive Body to sell Escudo Veraguas Island. This sacred island is located in the Caribbean, inhabited by Ngobe, is a rich biological ecosystem, similar to the Galapagos Islands. Government officials ignored the presence of indigenous people, and proceeded with negotiations without their consultation. They described the Island as an "uninhabited, swampy marshland;' and Vol6 Nos 1&2 "property of the State;' and as such, "negotiable for sale. " They have yet to recognize its historical, sacred and ecological value. In disregarding Indigenous land rights, the present governrnent has demonstrated an incoherent and deficient policy. This tendency is indicated by a recent debate of the Legislative Assembly regarding Escudo de Veraguas Island: where they advocated the supremacy of commercialization over the rights of Indian people. The Ngobe Staled that the upcoming quincentenary is a "celebration of the Conquest of America and without the legal recognition of the Guaymi Region, the Ngobe are considered intruders on their own lands..." The Ngobe firmly maintain their struggle to disseminate information on the reality of indigenous people. They denounce the institutionalized genocide and discrimination of these five centuries of colonialism. In a letter calling for solidarity from the international community, the Ngobe state '11 is our responsibility as lndians to create a national consciousness, to collaborate in a peaceful and compatible manner, to respect human rights and to form an egalitarian and participatory democ- racy." Pleose 5end letters calling for the legal recognirion ol the Guayrni Region lo the President of Panama and copies ol tne5e along with letters of solidarity. Comorca Guaymi Asesorio Legal Guaymi Uc. Jose Mendoza Acoslo Aportodo 153 Zona 1 Panama, R epublica de Panomo Telephone: 0 11· 507-24-9502 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Ngobi (Guaymi) Call for an Egalitarian and Participatory Democracy in Panama Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The Ngobi Call for an Egalitarian and Participatory Democracy in Panama Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 29 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note The Ngobe want recognition from the government. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p029.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Guaymi Ngobe Panama https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/1f98971c041129de869b0d074ae2eef8.pdf 44a2446fac7c189be286b2337f23eb53 PDF Text Text A Silent Strategy "The Clothes that We Wear" The following is~ and tnmsWtd from IM book. La Ropl Que l.lsamos, by Daniel EdUArdoMI>tul Momles,and published by Uga Maylllnlmladonal, Apdo. Postal 584 Oldigo 1100, San ]UAn de Tibas, CAsta Rica. "Our Maya humanity has a beginning, a start, an origin. We havea history.n Aj Pop For us, the Maya people of Guatemala, the c.lothcs we weave and wear are an eloquent representation of our historic continuity. Within them. we record abstract and cosmic principles in mathematical and geometric figures, some simple, others so complex as to be unidentifiable, all presented in extraordinary colors. The ideas represented in our clothes, beyond their aesthetic sense, carry a central theme which corresponds to the <:osmos, which brings us to the basic source of Maya thought. It gives us a formula to Interpret humankind, our relationship with nature, a.n d with God. We usc this formula for connecting the present and the past, and to remind us of our uncompromising decision to be free and original, like our ancestors. Our dothcs are genuine, well-defined, and revealing of our philosophy, customs, value system and collective consciousness. The fact that we wear them daily makes them an instrument for historic projection; it is a powerful social discipline. The main idea behind the clothes we wear has its roots in the original reflections of our civilization which can be traced back five to six-thousand years ago. The idea is that when a human is born, s/he is completely integrated into the Cosmos. Humankind and nature only make up tiny 30 parts of the total Cosmos. While conserving this cosmovision in our clothes, we are complying with our people's mandate. So the beauty and colorfulness of our weavings arc not merely aesthetically pleasing. but a brilliant way of keeping our writings and fundamental symbols alive. However, there is also a desire to protect these symbols from the greed of outsiders. Thus, in our wcavings we often present these symbols for the world to sec, but they go undccipheml and overlooked. They remain mute for those who don't Wlderstand their meaning. but they arc evocative elements when you know how to interpret them. Often, their main message remains hidden to those whose narrow vision impedes them from tuning into t.h e ancient expression of our collective art. It must also be mentioned that our art is not "art for art's sake," which would be absurd. Our woven messages are a silent strategy, within which is found a deep and fruitful knowledge which promotes respect Ph«o by Jmoe MinJr. and searches for equilibrium among people and nature. This equilibrium guarantees human survival. Thus, with our colors and designs, we have been struggling for five centuries against the destruction of our historical, social, psychological and mythological concepts. With plants, flowers and vegetables, we attempt to fonn consciousness of, and appreciation for the natural environment, in which everything has great value. It was nature's interaction with humankind which gave birth to our civilization. Our weaving is our way of admiring the world, but at the same time, we are transformed each day, SAIIC Newsletter �as the entire world is, even though it appears the same each dawn. Ourdothescanysymbolsthat teach one to 1espect one's place or origin, social status, and mythology. Some symbols, like those or Coban, tell or the romance between the Sun and the Moon in the framework or a magic scene or leaves, birds and day pots. In this legend, the Moon wove for the Sun, a gift which told or the day's events. In this way, we learn that life Is nothing more than the weaving or time. We have suffered since 1524, when the Invaders arrived. Our clothes have served as an expression or our solidarity and identification wherever we go. This is why we have kept our Native dress. For a very long time, the colors and figures we use have been chosen careruny without arbitrariness. They arc the result or systematic observa· tions. The four cardinal points illustrate this well. North is represented by white, because the clouds arc believed to come from there. The moon is also symbolized by white and the North. The South is symbolized by yellow, in tribute to the fertility or com and the legend or the Cosmic Tree which bore fruit in the union between the Sky and the Earth. The cross, in our ancient tradition, represents the four winds, the direction or the heavens, the four sides of our com fields, and the four cardinal points. When the cross has leaves on i~ this symbollz.es a very tall tree which, according to the Pop Wuj (Popol Yuh· the sacred book of the Quiche Maya), bore the fruits of life. "This cross is dearly visible in the sky on starry nights in the South. The East is ,ymbolized by red, the color or hope. It represents sunrise and eternity. West is symbolized by black, the death or light and the restive period begun at day's end. So we sec it is no coincidence that in our lives today, the link between people and their clothes remains ever strong, prevailing in Maya though~ because they bring us physlcal comfort and spiritual satisfaction. Archeology confinns the development of our garments. The murals or ancient Maya cemnonies in Bonampak provide testimony or how leaders, priests, chiefs and others of historical standing wore many kinds or precious jewelry, deerskin sandals, and woven clothes. The lower body was covered by an apron-like garment embel· llshed with brocade, embroidery, feathers and jewels. The upper body was covered with a huipll, shells, necklaces, beads, jade, metal and gems. Today, the huipils or Olimaltenango, San Pedro Sacatep6tuez, and San Pedro Ayampuc display a design Vol6 Nos 1&2 called "rush mat," which is the same as the one which appears In the sculpted figures of Stele 'H' or Quirigu<i.ln most huipils, the square is brocaded in a diamond position. "This can be seen in Untel24 at Yaxchil<in. Similarly, the jacket which appears in the woman's outfit at Yaxchil<1n is found stylized on many of the weavingsof the Western and Central Highlands. figure 54 or Codex Trocortesla.no clearly shows lxchel, the goddess of the Moon, weaving at her loom. The loom Is tied around her waist and to a tree, exactly like Mayan women today. Weaving has always been a sacred task. Usually, when a new piece is begun, a prayer is offered to the heart of the sky. And still, as before, our people value the role or the Maya woman as a historical thread that carries our deepest cultural roots. Our mythology states that Itz.amna, founder of Uxmal and Chichtm Itz<l, had lxchel as a consort. lxchcl was the one who taught us to weave, and also taught embroidery to her daughter, lxchebcl Yax. Spanish colonists gave vague, foggy descriptions or our dothes. Of course, this had to be the case; how could they understand a culture they ridiculed and discriminated against? We are sure that U we had abandoned wearing our clothes, they'd have been instantly hoarded away in museums. Today, wearing our cher· ishcd clothes makes us the focus or discrimination, humiliation, scorn and persecution in our country. The children of the invaders want to destroy the Maya culture. Ourdu1dren arc prohibited from wearing their own dress to school, yet the invade< portrays as quaint our abstract vision or the world and or life. The selling or our clothes is a very big international business today. The majority or the merchants arc ruthless non-Indian people who do not understand, nor care to understand the ancient symbolism. However, after 500 years of oppn$Sion, our custom or weaving our dothcs is s1ill going strong. As time goes on, we find our designs and colors more beautiful, and they introduce us to a vast universe or composition which reveals the dvoniclcs or Maya ure, from the earliest times to the brilliant future. They arc the testimony or our legiti· mate right to exist as a civilization, as a culture, and as a people. 31 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Silent Strategy: "The Clothes that We Wear" Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniel Eduardo Matul Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title A Silent Strategy: "The Clothes that We Wear" Item Type Journal Article Author Daniel Eduardo Matul Morales Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 30-31 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note The Importance of Native Clothing and Patterns Attachment Title A_Silent_Strategy_The_Clothes_That_We_Wear.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] art clothing Guatemala Maya https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/1309161250b756654d84c998a0ac3589.pdf c8c23b7a70c77de5aa6d6cfbf5c2e102 PDF Text Text ASSASSINATION OF INDIAN LEADERS IN HONDURAS (Honduras) Vicente Motute and his colleague Francisco Guevara were killed September 30. They were both leaders of the Xicoque people and Vicente Motute was president of the Federation of the Xicoque Tribe (FETRIXI), the president of the Honduran Advisory Council for the Development of Autochthonous Ethnic People (CAHDEA), and the general coordinator of the Commission for the Confederation of Ethnic People of Honduras. The tribe has been developing legal claims to the government and landowners who hove been increasingly encroaching on Indian lands to cut timber. lawsuits were sucoessful in providing legal rulings and precedents for retention of indigenous control over their lands. The news was reoeived by the Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras (CODEH) and the Committee of Relatives of the Disappeared People of Honduras (COFADEH). On September 30, 1991, of about 5:00 AM in Plan Grande Village, in the Deportment of Yoro, the two leaders of the indigenous peoples of Tolupon (Xicoque) were executed while travelling in o truck. They were both • riddled with bullets when they deoeloroted in order to cross o narrow pass. The perpetrators were stoked out nearby, in the shrubs of the pass." The assassinations ore evidently the result of declarations mode by the two leaders at o press conference lost September 18th, in which they drew attention to death threats by landowners Eugenio Chavez, Nondo Murillo and the mayor of Duloe Nombre de Culmi, Silvio Morin Juarez, against 130 families of the Pech Tribe, located in the Municipality of Duloe Nombre of Culmi, Olancha Province. At this conferenoe, Motute declared that the Xicoque Tribe of the Yoro deportment fooe similar problems, adding that one of FETRIXI's members, Marcelino Polonce, was wounded by Source: AFSC two men dressed in civilian clothing. Please urge the Honduran Government: 1) To defend and guarantee the right to life of the inhobitonb of Honduras, as provided few in the Inter American Convention on Humon Rights, 2) To investigate and clarify these extrajudicial execvtions and to punish the parties found responsible. Send your pleas to: Rafael Callejas, Presidente de Ia Republica Palacio Nocionol, T egucigalpa, Honduras Phone: 011·504·22·82087, Fox: 011-504-37·96-56. 32 First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos Held in EJ Salvador (EI Salvador) The First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos was held in Sonsonate on September 6-8, and organized by the National Association of Indigenous Peoples (ANIS), the Anthropological Center of El Salvador (ClADES), and the Ecumenical Ministry for Development and Peace (MEDEPAZ). The main themes were: appropriate technology, indigenous legislation, ecology and culture. Among the participants were international organizations, government representatives and the national press. The goal of the meeting was to recuperate indigenous cultural values such as language, history and overall culture, in order to promote development on education, ecology and appropriate technologies which can apply to indigenous cultures as welt as to the rest of the nation. This was an effort initiated by the indigenous peoples and the campesinos of El Salvador. Among the activities were the inauguration of an indigenous school, workshops on human rights, indigenous rights, and indigenous legislation, and appropriate technologies and natural resources. SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Assassination of Indian Leaders in Honduras Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Assassination of Indian Leaders in Honduras Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 32 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Indian leaders are attacked for speaking out against government encroachments onto their land. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p032.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Honduras paramilitary attacks https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/5c7363e024308c2a1860a1147e04b408.pdf c8c23b7a70c77de5aa6d6cfbf5c2e102 PDF Text Text ASSASSINATION OF INDIAN LEADERS IN HONDURAS (Honduras) Vicente Motute and his colleague Francisco Guevara were killed September 30. They were both leaders of the Xicoque people and Vicente Motute was president of the Federation of the Xicoque Tribe (FETRIXI), the president of the Honduran Advisory Council for the Development of Autochthonous Ethnic People (CAHDEA), and the general coordinator of the Commission for the Confederation of Ethnic People of Honduras. The tribe has been developing legal claims to the government and landowners who hove been increasingly encroaching on Indian lands to cut timber. lawsuits were sucoessful in providing legal rulings and precedents for retention of indigenous control over their lands. The news was reoeived by the Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras (CODEH) and the Committee of Relatives of the Disappeared People of Honduras (COFADEH). On September 30, 1991, of about 5:00 AM in Plan Grande Village, in the Deportment of Yoro, the two leaders of the indigenous peoples of Tolupon (Xicoque) were executed while travelling in o truck. They were both • riddled with bullets when they deoeloroted in order to cross o narrow pass. The perpetrators were stoked out nearby, in the shrubs of the pass." The assassinations ore evidently the result of declarations mode by the two leaders at o press conference lost September 18th, in which they drew attention to death threats by landowners Eugenio Chavez, Nondo Murillo and the mayor of Duloe Nombre de Culmi, Silvio Morin Juarez, against 130 families of the Pech Tribe, located in the Municipality of Duloe Nombre of Culmi, Olancha Province. At this conferenoe, Motute declared that the Xicoque Tribe of the Yoro deportment fooe similar problems, adding that one of FETRIXI's members, Marcelino Polonce, was wounded by Source: AFSC two men dressed in civilian clothing. Please urge the Honduran Government: 1) To defend and guarantee the right to life of the inhobitonb of Honduras, as provided few in the Inter American Convention on Humon Rights, 2) To investigate and clarify these extrajudicial execvtions and to punish the parties found responsible. Send your pleas to: Rafael Callejas, Presidente de Ia Republica Palacio Nocionol, T egucigalpa, Honduras Phone: 011·504·22·82087, Fox: 011-504-37·96-56. 32 First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos Held in EJ Salvador (EI Salvador) The First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos was held in Sonsonate on September 6-8, and organized by the National Association of Indigenous Peoples (ANIS), the Anthropological Center of El Salvador (ClADES), and the Ecumenical Ministry for Development and Peace (MEDEPAZ). The main themes were: appropriate technology, indigenous legislation, ecology and culture. Among the participants were international organizations, government representatives and the national press. The goal of the meeting was to recuperate indigenous cultural values such as language, history and overall culture, in order to promote development on education, ecology and appropriate technologies which can apply to indigenous cultures as welt as to the rest of the nation. This was an effort initiated by the indigenous peoples and the campesinos of El Salvador. Among the activities were the inauguration of an indigenous school, workshops on human rights, indigenous rights, and indigenous legislation, and appropriate technologies and natural resources. SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos Held in El Salvador Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title First National Encounter of Indigenous People and Campesinos Held in El Salvador Item Type Journal Article Volume 6 Issue 1,2 Pages 32 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note The first national encounter of indigenous people and campesinos was held. Attachment Title abyayala_v06n01_02_p032.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Campesino El Salvador