1 12 19 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/9f66d30ffc6d03104e545463fb2a9b6c.pdf 6f87d29300763c9565dd108613212f4f PDF Text Text _ _ _ _ _ _ __,:....:: O_- J U S T I C E E C~ _ T he Urarina, who call themselves "KachA· , meaning people,'" are a ~'lhe semi~nomadic Amazonian people who have inhabited the Chambira and UrilUyacu river basins north o£ the Maral)on river in Peru for at least 500 years. The Uraril\a al\d the Mayorunas (Matses) remain the largest umitle:d Amazonian Indigenous groups in Peru. However, the relati\'e: isolmion of the Urnrina has been imen1.1pted as their traditional territory has occn invodcd by colonists. loggers. river traders, and drug· Urarina Survival Update: Continued Resource Exportation and Disease Importation by Foreigners and Newly Initiated by Multinational Oil Companies + by Ritchie Witzig and Massie/ Ascencios voyeur tourists. All of these groups have brought significam disease pressure on Resource Exploitation Update the Urarina that threatens their 'vay of life and survival as documented in the article published in Abya Yala News Vol. 10. Nllmber 2 (Sllrnrner 1996). Vol. 10 No. 3 The most rcccm and grave threat to Urarina su ,.;val is disease importation caused by the three multinational oil companies who entered their territory in late january 1997 to build an oil d rilling site ror I>ctrolcum c;~traction. The Urarina people live in a Oood zone that is projected to have signifi~m oil rescn•es. Three multinational oil com· panics ocgan drilling from the Chambira oil field located at Santa Martha on the Chambira river. Santa Martha is an old Urarina corrummity located in the heart 17 �Eco-Jusr 1 ce of Urarina land that was temporarily vacated due to the semi-nomadic naturt of Urarina cuhure. The Chambira oil fields arc pan of Block 3 owned by Petroperu. the Peruvian national oil company, but the rights to drill directly on the Chambira river were transferred to Enterprise Oil Co., of Great Britain in 1996. The rights were sold because Petroperu did not have the capital to initiate drilling. Against the " "shes of the public, the Peruvian government now wants to privatize Petrope:ru. The s."le of the oil rights to Enterprise had the effect of privatizing the entire Chambim oil field withOUl privatizing Petroperu. Enterprise subcontracted Parker Oil Drilling Co. of Tuls.,, Oklahoma, and the Santa Fe Petroleum Co. of Lima. to drill the Sama Manha well. Constnlction of the oil field staned in January, 1997 and by May I. Enterprise/Parkert'S.,nta Fe had drilled a complete well but fonunately did not encounter enough oil to warrant funhcr exploration. The latest news is that the company has moved to lot 32. which is just nonhwest of their original site and is still deep in Urarina territory. to pursue further exploration in the next two years with a go\'emmcm contract. Spills Before Drills Even before ther struck oil, there were ecological disasters. On April 30, 1997, the steel bouom of a barge bringing up supply oil w 3S punctured by a huge capirona (Calycophyllum sp.) tree 10 kilometers from the oil well, causing oil contamination of the entire Chambira river downstream. The barge was then towed upstream, moored at Sama Manha, and surrounded by pylons tO control the oil leak (sec Figure 1). One Urarina cacique (leader) in the Hormiga river off the Chambira c01nplained that the fish entering his grounds had been contaminated from the oil, and were swimming imo the Hormiga looking for fresh water. Amazonian river dolphins (lnia geoffrensis) which were numerous in the Chambira river basin ha,•e since noticed to be scarce from the main Chambira. This is certainly only the firsl of many barge leaks as this accident occur·red when the river level was at Oood Stage in the rainy season . The Chambira is a nar· attempting 18 row river. at times only 30 meters wide. In the dry season when the river is 10 meters lower there arc certain to be more accidents of this type. There are no stud· ies ongoing by the government , any NGO. or the oil companies of this impending ecological deStruction. SIL and Missionary Control an Urarina individual under the control of the SlL and living in Nueva Esperanza. This Urarina man who signed the docu· mems is not a leader of the Urarina, and only represents himself. The total "com· pensation'" to the Urarina nation from this ·agteemtnt'" was a speedboat and monthl)' promises of gasoline given to the impostor "leader'". The total effect was to give an extra St>eedboat to SIL Unfortunately, it is difficult to undo a fr:.mdulent '"cont~ct'" as described above quickly. and it enables the oil companies to establish thetnselves while the legal defense of the Urarina is being organized. As they have done elsewhere in the \Vestern Amazon. the SIL have again proven 'vith the Urarina that Indigenous self·detenninmion is e.~actly the opposite of their mission. The Summer Institute of Linguistics (Sil or l LV· lnstitmo Linguist ito de Verano) used an impostor Urarina ~Je,adcr" to help the oil compar'lics create an appearance of legitimacy in their inva· sion of Urarina land. The Sll is an evan· gclical organization of atnateur and pro~ fe.ssional linguists who attempt to influ. ence the societies in 'vhich they work by transl:.uing the Bible into native ian· g.•ages. SIL has had .-- -,...- - - - - --.v;;:- - - - - ---,---, ~ a represemati\'C , (Ronald Manus) liv''"""' ~ ing intenniltently in the Urarina commlk 5 nity of Nueva ~ Esper:mza for the §: past 30 years. The ! Urarina have retained their cui~ i turc and spirituality ~ despite SILS anctnpt l! to influence them. As the outside agency with the longest domicilial experience in Urarina territory, the SIL has never tried to empower the Urarina in any way to protect their lands. Colb)• and g t Dennen's recent book about oil exploitation in the Amazon, ..Thy \Viii be Done· has documented that the histOry of the SIL has been to help divide Indigenous peoples L ......______s~t,;;~!li;!!!o_____:~.j,~_ _j and even help oil companies enter 1M tom.'"'"' rrid"P'rrid ptito6rotiM of oil righn in Indigenous areas. When the oil compa· Peru. m. lot~ ha>o""ntly been <iloogod. OJ nies needed to gain entrance into Urarina uplo<otiM is ax"ntly tnl:iig p/o<e oo lot 32 (formerly lot land, they received 1he nceessary help 8) ;, Urorina tttrfiGI'(. from the SIL. SIL helped arrange a paper deal that ·allowed" the oil companies acce:ss to S.1nta Martha that was signed by At::fta Yala News �E co - J u sT I CE Disease Importation Mtdrinarional oil txploration = Malaria, pertussis. and cm·ironmcntal contaminalion Oil drilling teams are renowned for transporting new su-aii\S of disease into territories they exploit. The oil explo· rmion and drilling teams are based in the field with support offices in lquitos and Lima, but their personnel are imponed from various areas in Peru. the United States, and Europe. The Sama Fe lquitos office use the small Nanay ri\'er port com· munity of S."lnta Ckua to lo.1d all their equipment onto barges for transtxm to the Chambim. Santa Clara is currently suffering the most intense and drug resistant P. falciparum epidemic of any area in Peru. as well as an outbreak of penussis (whooping cough). Pcnussis appeared last February in the Chambira. after drilling had started- it was almost cenainly brought by the oil teams. At least seven persons died from the two villages around ~nta Manha. The Umrina have not received the DTP vaccine which prOtects from penussis, and penussis can be among the most lethal diseases in children with multiple infections. Over sixty percent of the P. falcipannn strains in Santa Clara ncar to lquitos are resistant to chloroquine and pyrimcthamine/stllf~doxine. the two cheapest and most \.IS.Cd drugs against P. faldp.annn in Peru. The P. falciparum strains in the Chambira river still respond to pyrimethamine /sulfadoxinc, but sup· plies are small and infrequent. There is a Vol. 10 No.3 real danger that resistant P. falciparum strnins are being transt>Orted to \'CI'}' the Charnbira by the oil workers loading the suppl)' 1>.1rges in Santa Clara. The Peruvian government has no health post in the entire Chambim river basin. The nearest health post is In Maypuco. more thai\ I week by canoe from Urarina territory. Colonists on the lower Chambim have access to boats and motors which can shuttle sick persons to Maypuco and on tO lquitos. The Urarina or oil workers will take away any hope controlling the P. faldpanun cpidtqliC that is currcmly decimating the Urarina people. hnplimcmation or Convention 169. of which Peru is a signatory nation (199'1) would help to protect the cultural rights of the Urarina as well as legall)' title their land. Legal recognition of their territorial boundaries would lead to self determination for the Urarina giving them some recourse to protect their ,...,ay of life. '\!) have no transponation except canoes. As of May 1997. the Peruvian non· governmental organization CEDIA (Centro Para el Des.1rrollo del lndigena Amazonico) had counted over 3.200 Urarina in the Chambira basin alone (there are also Urarina in the Uritiyacu river and in ;\ffiuems of the Corrientes river). The final number wiH likely include over 4.000 individuals. a large number for a rcn'lotc Amazonian J>eople. Even though it has only juSt begun, the oil exploitation in Urarina territory has resulted in both serious hcahh impacts and environmental degradation. If it continues at this pace, the cultural, biological, and ecological effects of oil exploration on the Umrina w'ill likely be irreversible. The Urarina do not marry outside their group and sexually trans· 1niued diseases including AlDS arc not yet a problem in the communities. Cultural breakdown from exposure to oil workers may alter this trend. New drug resistant Strains of malaria brought in by R. Witzig ltos ptJiormed mtdical surveys, Jiseose lttot· mtnl, suppfftd mtdlcin~. end lraintJ UJorino village htafth warkm fYHWJ in bc!ir medirof and pvbfir htofth on strM sepatote flips Ia the (hombiJa basin silut /992, with a Iota/of 13 months in the lit/d. This ron· lintring ptojut w#lic.h the outbar for~ndtd ;s Ihe Amazonian lndigtn<Jvs Ptop{e\ Heahh Pro;.rt (AIPHPJ. The aul~r hos da<umtnled the epidtmics of m eosles, acute ttspiJotaty iU nesSfs, c~teto, and malaria offocl· ingthe UtatirNJ. His ptt-riCHJs trip ;, May, 1997, found ar10 of the Jhtet VHW~ deod hom malotio, ond wide· sprtad malaria in rht enlite (bombtro basin. This wos the firsllrip aflttlhs oil Jrilling storied, ond all of the Urarina communiti~ wtre lroumotized 6y Jbe incursion of htt!Y'( tquipmenl into lhtir rireJ. Tire ptttussis epi· demk if'l Jilt commMilies DrOQnd lbt ail driH silt wos ing docome.nttd. wM the oil worktJS/;ktly inltoductd. ch Sen n Uratino had ditd of ptJMsn in t~se riffcgts ol""' sinrt ftbruory 1997. avthot is th• only ptr· san (domtstic at fottign} to work with Ihe Urctino 10 Jocume.nl fffld Jrtol theit mtdico/ p1a6kms. Tht avlbots ore cumnlly iworking on m<~lor;a p1ojects i, lqvitos , ftJrJ, n.. 19 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Urarina Survival Update: Continued Resource Exportation and Disease Importation by Foreigners and Newly Initiated by Multinational Oil Companies Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ritchie Witzig Massiel Ascencios Language A language of the resource English English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title Urarina Survival Update: Continued Resource Exportation and Disease Importation by Foreigners and Newly Initiated by Multinational Oil Companies Item Type Journal Article Author Ritchie Witzig Massiel Ascencios Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 17-19 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Language English Abstract Note The Kacha people are increasingly being exploited for their natural resources. Oil companies are spreading disease and ruining environments, with a negative impact on Indigenous life. Attachment Title Urarina_Survival_Update_Continued_Resource_Exportation_and_Disease_Importation_by_Foreigners_and_Newly_Initiated_by_Multinational_Oil_Companies.pdf Urarina_Survival_Update_Continued_Resource_Exportation_and_Disease_Importation_by_Foreigners_and_Newly_Initiated_by_Multinational_Oil_Companies.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] [No URL] Disease Kacha Urarina https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7fbed328b34c08cd6622a298b7f64712.pdf e087ec9f36593625df25e61b3324d5b7 PDF Text Text DAUGHTERS 0 F A BY A YA L A t~~w~ Dr. Leticia Dianna Viteri Gualinga it is evident that while the chemical con- LLuy Virui is a Quiduw from Ecutulor. She is a r-ep~StiH<Hivc of CONAIE, rl1t Cmifedcration of the lmligcnous Nationalities of Eawdor. l.tuy is t~ doctor· \\'ho since O<rober of 1997 h<IS wor'ktd with cl1e Pcmcmterican Health Organitacfcn OPS wori~ing in rhe Promotion and Protection of Heal<h and heal<hy lif<s<yles division, spedfically in the mental health t>r~ram. She has also woi'Ju:d ou a numbu oJ lr1digtr1ous health fJrOjects and studies, In ~,n of your invesligations in nm'l.l communilics, what has been the pri ncipal cause of illnesses among the Indigenous people (colonialization. tourism . petroleum, etc.)? <tS well llS conducting reset1rch on Indigenous htal<h issu<s. SAilC asked Lelly <o disa•ss some aspurs of !ttdigenous l1calrh for our &o-]us<ice ami Htal<h issue of Abya Yala News. In this issue we're exploring the tamination of the environment has affected the health of these communities. il is imponant to substamiate this reality with serious Studies. rcla~ tion that exis ts between 1hc CXJ>Ioita· lion of natural resources like minerals1 petroleum, cac., and the negative e ffec ts of this type of exploitation on the health of the Indigenous cOonunu· nitics. In your work as a doctor ha"c you enco untered cases of this l'Y pe? There exists a number of facwrs that impact the health of the Indigenous com· munities. This new epidemic lrend which we arc living through is a just response tO the political violence, the ecological and e<:onomic violence. the social discrimination. the poverty, the anned conflict. among other things, and in this manner has given rist tO a new order o£ illnesses like alcoholism. Could you give us specific examples of communities? The P<'troleum devdopment brought One time when 1 visited Lake Agrio. in Sucumbios. 01~e of the 5 Amazonian provinces of Ecuador. we visited the oil wells where Texaco operated. Dt11ring the vish, we became acquainted with many of the J>eople who lived around these wells. l could observe various types o-f symp~ toms of the skin afflictions. rashes: one boy with a t)rpe of congenital m~lforrna· tion which I don't know whether il was related to the chemical contamination of the environment. or course the exploita· tion of any natural resource brings with it a disequilibrium of ecosystems and this directly affects the health of the commu· nitit~ in these regions, On <he other hand violence to the Huaorani communities of Tot\ampari and Quihuareno in 1988. They committed a terrible crime· an oil spill that destroyed the richness of the rivers. the land and the health of the trouble il~ the actual planning and execution !o( soltnionsl. There are some (com· rnuniticsl , like the case or Sarnyacu, Curnmy. which are sufficiently large and have the intention of doing many things. In the same way. the h~digenous organi· z:ations arc only now beginning to con· cern themselves with the health of our people. \Vhat are the mos1 common h eahh problems affecting Indigenous women? \Vhat arc the specific issues t hal 1hey face? The mental health of the women con- S<itutcs the principal health problem and 1lhis seems to be affected by <.:enain <.-aus· es wonh considering. 1t is important to point out that they [the women! have lost the tradilional knowledge concerning family planning. Along with this. they don't have access to the modern forms of birth control and they often don't have the right to choose the number of children they would like to have. [Other s.trcsses include) domestic violence. the excessive physical labor associated with domestic chores and !taking care on their fanns. the transporting of water. among other details that have a serious impact on the health or I he women. Huaorani communit)'· The emire city of Lago Agrio. the capital of the Sucumbios province, has been affected. as well as all of the villages of the Siona-Secoya and Cofan P<'Oples. \Vhal was your moth•e for slUdying m edicine and for serving Indige nous communities? 1 chose to stud)' medicine because \Vhat are the Indigenous organiza. tions doing to resolve this problem? ahvays liked it and the vocation 1 con· The communities are concerned s.tructed in the COtiTSe of the career. l always thought that medicine is a science which is esscmially social , and that about these problem$, but often har e 1hrough thi$ I could somehow makt a Continued on fXigc 34 22 A'cY-;a Yala News �S E L F DETERMINATION This organization is new and has not yet completely defined its course of action, which is something that we have to do soon. I've been working·for some time with the LIWEN Center for Mapuche Studies and Documentation. The objective of this institution is to generate knowledge from our own perspective and to disseminate it to all sectors, especially the Mapuche. For example, we work on topics relating to the Mapuche people, to the situation of other Indigenous nations' in their own countries, and on the issue of Bilingual Intercultural Education. What is the difference between the programs for Mapuche children and those for the youths? With the children you have to work in a playful context, where you keep the youngster entertained while they're learning, and of course you must involve the family in some way This is difficult, because many times the parents don't agree that their child should learn about Mapuche culture because they view this as negative but this is not their fault. We don't know what negative experiences they have had that have made them opposed to it. Working with young people or adolescents is a little more complex. They are going through a difficult stage, building their identity They have many fears, and to come to terms with being an Indigenous person in a racist country is not an easy thing. You have to gain their confidence slowly They must see that you as a woman can be a role model, thatbeing Mapuche is not bad or ugly, not at all. We know that you did some research on the oral history of the families of urban Mapuche youths. What were the most important points that came out of this research? This study came about due to the interest th at a group of us young Mapuche students had in retrieving our history, that history which was denied us for our having been born in a different context than our parents and grandparents. It was an arduous task, because from the beginning our families didn't 34 & TERRITORY understand our interest in understanding things of such little relevance to them. The people in the countryside usually don't value their legends, their family histories. They don't comprehend the richness of their own knowledge. We got them to change their attitude: they started to talk, to spill out a whole marvelous, unknown world for us. We really learned an enormous amount. It was magical to listen to it all, and the most important thing is that we were able to get our relatives, our aunts and uncles, cousins, etc., involved. We'd like to ask why you, as a young Mapuche woman, are involved in this type of work? I work with conviction, because I really feel that it's necessary to struggle for our rights as Mapuche people. The conditions of poverty and oppression in which we live today must change . Mapuche children should grow up in a healthy atmosphere, in peace and harmony with the environment. When I took consciousness of my identity, of my history, of my culture, it was really like a liberation. I strongly feel the need to support my people in every way that I can. It's a life choice. What would you like to see in the future for Mapuche youth? And what would you like to do to make it happen? The future of the youth and children is a worry that we have as a people. In many communities, the young people must migrate to the urban centers to find any work they can. Their dreams of studying are dashed at a very young age and that's not fair. I'd like to do many things, but we need to design strategies at the community level. Individual initiatives should be within a larger context to make the desired impacts and changes. We're working for this. We know that you've been working on a project on Indigenous Women and Gender in Washington, DC. Could you tell us what the focus of your research has been? In September, 1997, I was selected by the Development Fund for Indigenous Peoples to develop a work apprenticeship in the Indigenous Peoples' Union of the Interamerican Development Bank, located in Washington, DC I'm specifically working on editing a report about the topic of gender relations in Indigenous communities and development. It is a reflective work, whose main objective is to understand Indigenous women's thoughts and perceptions about development. Essentially, the idea is to propose certain strategies that can be incorporated into the Bank's policies in relation to Indigenous women. ..., Continued from page 22 contribution to society, not only the Indigenous on e of Ecuador, but in whichever place throughout the world. What have been the challenges that you have had to face as an Indigenous woman doctor? I don't like being labeled as an Indigenous woman doctor; well, I feel like any other woman of any other culture and nation. But in fact I've had to face certain challenges, like knowing that the people of my community viewed me as the savior from the health problems affecting the community The leaders of my provincial community trusted so in my abilities. One demonstration of this was their inviting me to work in the SAMAY Project, financed by the European Union. I'm talking about a pro-life project that would permit us, in a significant manner, to build our society, that would allow us to control our own destiny Being a representative of the Confederation of the Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador, CONAIE , is another challenge. To respond positively to all these challenges, I always try to learn more to better understand the culture of Globalization, to learn how to manuever myself within the dynamics of the modern age, in distinct levels and spheres of human actions. For me, it is important to take into account the advice and the points of view of the great Indigenous leaders, and of the great ideologies, both old and new. ..., Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with Dr Leticia Dianna Viteri Gualinga Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title Interview with Dr Leticia Dianna Viteri Gualinga (Not attached) Item Type Journal Article Language English Abstract Note Interview with a Quichua from Ecuador, who works in the health field. Discusses exploitation of natural resources, and the negative social and health implications of continued exploitation. Issue 1 Volume 11 Publication Title Abya Yala News Pages 22, 34 Exploitation Health https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/97f2399097c9aa0c697adc4d889d40aa.pdf 123f00a33edc77789ad32e2d9a11f87d PDF Text Text E c o - J u S T I CE radioacth•e waste dump in \Vard Y.lltey in Environmental Racism: The J U! N ear lndusty An Nat Americans the C.1.lifomia Mojave descn, tt.n area which is sacred for five native peoples, the Fon Mojave. Chemehuevi, Quechan. Ux:opah and Colomdo Ri\'Cr Indians. An estimated 30.000 tons of m1clet\r W.Stc are in tempor.\ry stor<lge m the US.• 'J either in underw3ter pools or il\ steel and concrete casks. at 109 nuclear reactors across the country. Btu these .stores are almost full. Some plants may have to shut down within the nex't few years unless more swrnge space is round.. There is no cemml facility in the US for handling, processing. stOring or disposing of nuclear waste. The 11\tclear industry IS :\ttempting to force the t'latiotkal government- specifi· by Ul/a Lehtinen cally the D<panmem of Energy-to take resJ>Onsibility for nuclear waste, bm the MSAATW:IJ AlSO~~O ~ ~ ·~ t:.'l.~i'IAI. ~ depanmcnt ma.intttins il docs not have ,;f \ o,«( l•.t'WS, \ Q.). f!,St.lf J 'l the cap.1city to do so. ll is howevtr, mandated to "provide" a ccmral underground or decades. the United States has stOr-.tg,e site for the comnryS entire stock mined Native American lands for of high-level nuclear waste. The onl)' can· urnnium and has tested nuclear didate it hn.s come up " fith 1$ Y\ICCft weapons on them. Some 75 J>Crcent of Moumain. + F the coumryS trranium reserves lie under native lands- lands once considered so wonhless that the authorities did not mind designating them as reservationswhile all nuclear testing within the United Stat<s has been carried out on native Lands. Children now play on radioactive ,....aste from the mmes sio1ply left where it was piled up. Some of the waste has been used to build houses or schools. In man)' areas, the death rate among children is higher than among the miners. In New Me11:1Co, Arizona :\nd Somh Dakota, radi- ation from uranium mining tailings has contaminated water resources. The Shoshone have fought for decades to end nuclear tesung on tht1r land m the Nevada desert which has exposed them to levels of radiatior\ many times higher than that generated b)' the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ~~ the end of the Second World War. Now the authorities want to dump nuclear 'vastt on nath·c lands as well. 1\vo propos.-lls are currcmly being moOI· ed: a high-level rad1o:.t<:tive dump on Yuc<:a }.·loumain Ill the lands of the Shoshone in Nevada, and a low le\'cl 20 Millions of dollars 1\ave been spent studying the safet)' of burying nuclear waste at Yucca. the results of whJch arc ttnything but promlsing.. Located in a vol· canic area and potential canhquakc zone, the proposed site is also near ground water. Even though the site has not been approved as an underground nuclear \ WI.SlC dump, funhcr S\UdiCS have been commissioned and its opening has been postponed until 2010 at the earliest, sev· eral proposols current!)' going through the US Sel\3te and Congress aim tO send radioactive waste tO Yuoca Mountain from 199$ on,vards. H approved, this waste would simply sit in the nuclear cquh'a· lem of a parking lot without adequate controls or equ1pment .. 6cside the permanent site of Yucca Mountain, the Oepanmem <>f Energy has also suggested 21 temporary dump sites in the US for high-level \OJ<\Ste, IS of which arc on native lands. L·n-gc sums of money ha,·e been offered to "persuade'" the various tribes to ~tcept these propos· als; so far 311 but two nations. the Goshule and the Paiute-Shoshonc, ha"e refused. In neither of these two cases did the 1" ribal Council put the decision to the Abya Yala News �Eco-JusTICE tribe as a whole. Probably for good r<a· son: prc,iously the Goshute rejected a proposed ~oxic \WlS\e incincr:nor Ol'l Lheir lands and decided lO Start a recycling business instead, while, in a survey of the Paiute~Shoshone, tribal members opposed the nuclear dump by 4 to I. The go\'emment and nuclear indttStl')' are also forging ahead with plans for the low- level radtoactive waste dum(> in Ward Valley in the California Mojave dcS<n. Despite misltading terminology. low-level radioactive waste comains the: s.1mc ingredients as high-level waste~ the half-lire of some low level waste is tens or Lhousands of years. The waste would be placed in steel drums inside scaled plastic or steal comainet'$ and then buried in shallow, unlined trenches. Tile propoS<d dump Is right above • major aqu.Her and about 30 Kilometers from the Colorado River which Oows through the vaUey on its way to Mexico. Scientists of the US Geological Survey warn thaL leaking mdioactivity n\<\)' eod up in the river. Even the National Academy of Science's Soard on Radioactive Management has recom- mended further s.1fety studies. The river and its caMls bring drinking water to o"er 20 million people in Los Angeles to Vol. 11 No.1 the west and Ph04nix and Tucson to the south, as well as providing water for agriculture and caule. In Bcauy, Nevada, ::t.n e:." istil"1g dump, similar in design to Lhc proposed Ward V..lley site and also in a descn. has stal't· ed to leak and contaminate ground w:uer. even though it is only 20 years old. from there and now the native lands are mmcd into dump sites. They take our water, then the pOison IS hU,l'ling an Jiving things there. I don't really appreciate what the government is doing. They know it is dangerous bm ~ill they move nuclear waste through roads to seas. We the people should be out there at the front. ThatS why we have asked the non· Indian people to Stop the government. Ward Valley 1S in the m1dst o£ eight Ncn only here but everywhere: in designated wilderness areas :mel is a pro- England. Puerto Rico. Russia-we should tected area because it encomp.1SSCS the really unite! \Vein Nevada have too much few remaining habitats for the endan- mining and chemk:nls th;\l go to the water gered descn tono>Se. Tile valley IS also t.'tble.. .ln my pa.n of the coumry, we saw S.1Crtd tO five native peoples Of the area. that I'Uclcar radiation was making our Their ancestors have walked there, their lives shorter. I've seen children bom ancestors arc buried there and their spir· without legs: l've seen ems bom with juSt its .still roam there. It is their church and too legs. I've. seen a lot or hun.1a11S die of grave)'ard. The Mojave believe they are disc•scs eat>Sed by radiation ... Everybody g<•ardians of the land. caretakers of ll•e has been polluting !this Iandi and every· water and neighbors of the dtsen ani· body has to pitch in and make 1hings bet· mals. If the Colomdo River dies. the ter. If we continue to destro)' lhings, than Mojave believe they will disappear as nobody will be able to smvive at all. l( we ,..,ell. Together wilh the other native peo.. doni Start working togeLher to d .. n up pks of Lhe area. the Mojave have orga· the planet soon . there won't be :.\nyone 'ies nized protests and ccremo1 in the area. left to dean up our messes tomorrow. We They have set up a 1x:rmanem camp on have w unite to understand 'vhat nuclear the proposed dump site where some of en•'l>Y does: ~ the elders stay. Corbin Harney, a Shoshone Elder and healer. said: ier •This nuclear pov is :;lhvays taken to nath·e Lands. First ilS mined 21 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Environmental Racism: The US Nuclear Industry and Native Americans Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ulla Lehtinen Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title Environmental Racism: The US Nuclear Industry and Native Americans (not attached) Item Type Journal Article Author Ulla Lehtinen Abstract Note Uranium mining and testing has occurred in the United States for decades, mostly on native lands. It has been proposed that nuclear waste should be dumped on these already radioactive lands. This could have significant social and health implications for the natives of southwestern United States. Attachment Title Environmental_Racism_the_US_Nuclear_Industy_and_Native_Americans.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Language English Volume 11 Publication Title Abya Yala News Pages 20-21 Native American Nuclear Waste United States https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/93955106c601e328473b04cf3cc0805d.pdf 11d59f8c8b0ca9f8b8daefb32e293e6f PDF Text Text Eco - Jus r 1cE T o protest the World Bank's Pro-Mining Conference last May, the Latin American Project of Minewatch (UK) and Acci6n Ecol6gica (Ecuador) organized a parallel conference in Quito. The alternative conference attracted more than sixty participants from Indigenous communities and NGOs in nine countries (Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Costa Rica , Panama, Nicaragua , Chile, Brazil and Ecuador). Due to its regional importance, the event was discussed on television and in national newspapers of several of the participating countries, thus contributing to the general debate on mining. According to many delegates, the benefits of mining have yet to appear. "It may sound quaint to say that communities don't want the type of "modern" development that mining brings, but its consequences for us are often literally a matter of the life or death of the community" said Luis Robelino of Ecuador. "Why basins of the Huallaga, Mantero and Alto Mararl.on rivers due to mining. He also revealed to the audience strategies usecl, by the multi-nationals in order to avoid discussing the 'fesult of environmental studies, as well as their policy of securing exclusive access to rivers through the acquisition of large extensions of land. As a result , communities have seen their rivers confiscated , with drinking water rationed to every other day during the summer months and to only a few hours a day in the winter. Gladys Marquez, from the Peruvian organization LABOR, spoke about their long battle against the Southern Peru Corporation. The air in the city of Ilo is highly polluted and each day several spells of heavy mist are experienced, causing breathing difficulties among the population and forcing them to remain indoors until the fog disperses. Levels of S02 in the air are 30 times the guidelines established by the WHO. In addition, arsenic and lead levels exceed those found in the Tacoma smelter of the company in Washington State , an indication that the corporation applies different environmental standards in different countries. The effect of these air pollutants is not restricted to Ilo alone. A video shown demonstrated that as the air travels it affects an extension of approximately 30 thousand hectares, the smog being responsible in 1995 for destroying about 4 thousand hectares destined for agriculture use. The Parallel Conference on Mining and the Community It is worth mentioning that the World Bank conference included the participation of Mr. Hans Flury, a spokesman for the corporation. In his speech he did not address any of the environmental problems for which the Southern Peru Corporation is responsible. Ecuador: Carlos Zorilla spoke in defense of the Cotacachi-Cayapas ecological forest reserve (Ecuador's last remaining coastal rainforest) ,which is affected by the mining activity around the buffer zones, leading to further invasion of land and deforestation of thousands of hectares of pristine woods. Local delegates from this area spoke of their frustration over the past five years , due to the refusal of by Glevys Rondon THi s ARTICLE ALso APPEARED IN THE MINEWATcH su LLETIN : HIG HER vAL uEs Bishimetals to provide the Indigenous community with the requested environmental study Despite the should we accept something that is imposed on us by institu- absence of a management plan for the activities , the company tions like the World Bank, on behalf of a system which benefits has built a 9km road through primary forest , and dug various only rich people in the north and in the large cities of the south, holes near the Junin river, which two years later were gushing and which wastes the materials it uses and destroys the com- 300 liters of water per minute. As no environmental managemunities and land from which they are extracted?" he added. ment or contingency plans were ever formulated , the community is unable to hold the company responsible for the damages. During the parallel event, Indigenous and NGO delegates Shortly after the conference ended, local inhabitants organized discussed what they felt to be the true cost of mining and their several pacific actions with the aim of confiscating the equipown real needs. Amongst other topics , representatives were ment and occupying the installations of the company briefed on the role of the World Bank in the new impetus, to· open up mining in Latin America, and the strategies used by Brazil: Marina Kahn, from the Instituto Socio Ambiental corporations to win over or to divide communities. Several case spoke about the implications of the privatization of the state studies were presented from mining operations in various coun- mining company Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) . The Indigenous tries of the region. Among the most striking were: communities will be affected as the company previously contributed up to US $26 million annually to the local budget. The Peru: Miguel Palacino , spokesman for the "Frente de fate of the some 17,000 Indigenous people who live within the Defensa Ecol6gico de las Comunidades Campesinas y Pueblos forest region may also depend on the goodwill of the new ownde la Zona Alto Andina" referred to the contamination of the ers. Thirteen Indigenous groups distributed in 24 reserves could Quito, Ecuador May 7th-9th I 997 + Vol. 10 No. 3 15 �Eco - J u s rac E be affected by the C.1rnjas Projw. The reje<t the neo-libernl model of the ·free pressures to '"develop· resources could market', which serves Lhe. imerests of a herald major consequences ror these globa1 minority whose: objective is the communities as well as the biodiversity of indi.scrimmatc consumption of rtSOtlrtCS and which is bringing the mitliOl'\S of the l'<gion. · people surplus to the system to the edge Chile: Urb.1no Alfaro, a diver from a of ex-tinction ... States the declaration. small fishing village in the region of Antofagasta. discussed the impact of the The delegates also promised to carry Minerra Es<:01\dida Ltd, whose acdvilies om wide-ranging educational campaigns ha\'C led tO comamination of the fish and on indh-i.dual and collective rights. and to shellftsh they depend on for their living. strengthen the coordination of the strug· The company boasts that it produces 80 glc againSt mining at the local, national thous.1od tons of copper per year, ttsing and regional level. the mOSt advanced technolog)' in the world. In h1s exposition, he added lh~n the company fttds to expl~i.n that no other was willing to :\cccpt the plam CO\lOll')l due to the enonnous environmental con· se-quences. ·rhe treatment of the ore mvolves dischatging into the sea highl)' toxic chemicals. which among other problcn'ls have raised the temperature of the waters and produced dcfonmties, especially in prawns. The problems do not circumscribe themsclv~s to the sea. The company transports these toxins right through the town in ordinary trucks which have h~d no modification. The viltagers greatest rear is that in the event or a brake faihu·e or cr:\sh, these chcm1cals will esc."tpc, contaminating the air. soil and even causing an explosion. Again, at the World Bank Conference the comp.--my's representative concentrated on the economic benefits, highlighting that the production of "La Escondida" represents 6% of the total exported by the country. Ftmhcnnore, as there are plans for incre-asing production. Chile will become a world leader in the producuon of copper. Resolution : Towards the end of the conference the ddegates prepared a state· rnent which v.ras read out to the press during a speech in the Congl'<ss Press Office. The document, known as the "Dcdaraci6n de Quno", rcje<;tS ..mining activity in latin America and the pernicious role of the \Vorld Bank in promot· mg. and financing mining in the r.::g:1on". Delegates asscned "the right of lndigenous people and communities to continue their ham1onlous ways of life and decide their own destiny". Nor were delegates in agreement with the 6:mk's macro·economic poh~>~ "'\V~ 16 Their demands can be summarized as urging national govemmems to prioritize quality of life, food, security and environmcnt:'tl prestrvation above anything else., thC)' requested that alternath•es to mining should be sought and that aU mining development monC)' be channeled to other sectors of the economy managed by communities. World Bank Conference: Delegates from Latin Amcrie<~n NGOs attending the: \Vorld a'lnk Conference expressed their reservations about the event in a letter addressed to the President of the B.·mk, which was read · out during their speeches in the final panel. understanding of the unpact or numng at the local level. To be more precise. they stated in the lener that out of the 40 delegates to the \Vorld Bank Con(erence there was j\ISt one Indigenous person. and he w~ from canada and reflected in his spee<:h cxa>encnces far removed frorn those of laun Americans. In addition, rcprescmatives from L<uin America had been unable: to auend the workshop "Processes used during consuhauon"' on the 7th of May due to the absence of a Spanish-Engli'h tmnshnor. This unfonunate example of how liule the organizers had thought about the needs of delegates from the rt":gion happened not just on<;c. On two more ex<:asions and due to the same problem , Spamsh-speaking delegates were left without :my option but to abarldon the diSC\ISSions. As a result, they expressed doubts about the value of the consu.hation process msugated by the B nk, concluding that their partidpiltion . a wns mcrdy token. This is in marked contrast to a promise of "'lncan~ngful" panic~ lpation made by the Bank in a leucr addressed to the l....'\tin America Project. dated April 18th. ~ 11tt outhtN now works (CJ tht Lorin Ameri<o Minjng !Mnitoril>g frogtomme {wu.if/ I I 3 Hig~/and ,d., 8tomley, Kenl, Eng/end, m 4AA. Tti:OI81·280107. (·moil: <glevys@ul<l"'eb.demon.<o.Uh> UPDATE: During the debace many fa~ and Indigenous people spoke about e Mir wishes to •see• rite real extenc of environmental deceriorarion c open-pic har mining has produced in Peru. by far one of rhe v~t cas presented during e che conference. As a follow up to chis requescThe Latin suongly·worded letter was used by the delegates to express their di53greement with the orgttnizatlon of the event and the conclusiot\S reached dunng discussions. Reading. from a lencr prepared b)" the group. Hector Huenas Gonzalez ( a Kuna from Pan,ma) <:ommunic~ncd the .. groupS diS(lppointmcnt at the absence of a significant number of NGOs and commtmtty delegates. They felt the confer· encc had not been able to reach an A America Mining Monicoring Program (LAMMP) and Accion Ecologica are ~ntfy organizing an incemac ional exchange crip berween farmers and Indigenous people from E cuador and Peru. It isthe inrenrion of the group co >is in Peru the communiries of Cerro it de Pasco, Oroya and the ciry of 1/o and ro offer inlerflaCional wppon co c hese communities. Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Parallel Conference on Mining and the Community Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gloves Rondon Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The Parallel Conference on Mining and the Community Item Type Journal Article Author Gloves Rondon Language English English Abstract Note More than 60 participants from Indigenous communities and NGOs in nine countries contributed to a general debate on mining. The representatives spoke on the true costs of mining, and the needs of those they represented. Issue 1 Volume 11 Publication Title Abya Yala News mining Parallel Conference https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/4d0c299cf37909e950db05dd9d9fcac8.pdf aaa63783558b831de889a5de963768e1 PDF Text Text I N B R I E F Nicaragua's Atlantic Coast Update: Logging Stopped! The Oineh communnyS long history Qf rtsJStance reached a pivotal I>Oint in 1974, when the US Congress appro,·ed the Navnjo-Hopi S<:ulemem Aet. The previous am:mgement of dual ownership of lhe lands by the Dlneh and the Hopi complicated the mining companies ability to seek land leases for co.1.l extr~u:· tion. This new law. sponsored in part by the mining indu$try, resulted in the £on:ed relocation of 12.000 traditional Oineh from their land. In 1996 the US government attempted another Oineh·l-lopi settlement act that offered land le:ases to a few ftun· i1ies while authorizing the forcible relcx-ation of those who did not qualify for a lease pemlit, The Oineh art feeh ng the pressure to rtsettle w oper1 1nore land for mining. he 16th of February, Nicaragua's Environment .and N:nur:.\1 Rt.SO\trctS Millisuy withheld permits to SOL· CARSA, the Korean Lumber company, declaring their logging concession null and void Two rears ago. the Violcta Chamorro government grnnted a 153,000 acre concession to SOLCARSA. a subsidiary of the Korean tronsnatlonal Kum K)~mg (~e Abya Y a!a News. Summer 1997, Vol 10. No.3. Pg.34). The rainforest concession violated laws protecting the nght of lnd•genous <:Oml'nunities of the North Atlantic Atonomous Zot•e (Rt\AN) to control their natuml resour:cts. The In addition lO being the primary SOU~C of deStruction for recent dcdaration has. come after the Nicaraguan Supreme Court has ruled that the logging concesston is unconstitutional traditional Oineh burial and sacred sites. the cool st rip~mine h:tS for a second time. The Korean logging g1ant has already paid 1 cr~U':d several etwlronmental problems. Tht mine threatens the million dollars in fines for violating logging regulations. sole sourc;e of water for the communities in the region. The coal from the Slack M~ mine is mixtd with ,.,:rater and ttansportcd For the Miskito and Sumo people. the eviction of SOI..- 273 miles through a slurry line to the Mojave Generation Station CARSA is the first step towards recognizing 'heir constitutional in laughlin. Nevad:t. To function properly. the slurry line must right to title their lands. Armstrong \Viggins, a M~skito lawrer <U pump up to 1.4 billion g$llons of wt.\tcr each year frotn the the Indian Law Resource Ccncr s.1id that '"this was an imj>Ort.arn Oineh aqtlifer. battle, hard fought ... but to keep this from happening again. we In his four·day visit , Mr. Amor heard from lndtg.cnous have to press now for the demarcation of all lndigneous lands in nations m Arizona on other maaers 3S well. including: the Nicaragua.'" Un1versity of Arizol'H\'s plac:eme1\l of tcltsc:opes on tOp of Momu lnformmion from: R csoutce Ctrucr of rite AmcrfcM and GlolHd Graham , a place sacred to the Apa<:he people: urnnium mining Resp<>11se: globrrsp<>nse@igc.apc.org on the high pl:ueatt~ of the Grand Canyon, which is s.'\cred to the Havasupai and many other Indigenous peoples nath•c to Arizona. Nevertheless. Mr. Amor refustd to validate or refute "''l' until he h.•d time to United Nations Investigates Human Rights Abuses :.md allegations he had rccti"ed fromdigest the documentation testim<m)' more than one hundred Against Indigenous Peoples in the United States and Cif~y people in his four day vish. Amor's report from lus U.S. vlsit will likely be: heard by lhc U.N. Commiss1on on Hum:m February 1-4, Mr. Abdelfauah Amor. the UN Special Rights in March 1999. It is possible the UN may rcle•~ the Rapponcur of Religious Intolerance of the Unitt.-d Nntions report to the public by the end of 1998. Comm~ssion on liuman rughlS, l'nCl With traditional Olnch The aides to the stateS congression:t1 delegation in Arizona (N~wajo) elders to investigate charges of humatl rights violations by the Un i u:~d States govcmmcnL A comingem of various non· said they had never heard of Amor nor had any idea why he had government organizations, most of them faith based. were 1nvlt· selected AriZOI\9. tO ilwestigate the subject or re.hgious lntOicrcd by the Dineh to participate in the event. More chan one: htm· anct. dred people sat on the din floor of a hogan liStenit'lg tO u:sti· \tfars.ha ~\lf<mc~.rcr.sl()l, monies about rtligiotts violations. This was the firs~ time that For more irifomuuion please comacr: 1 the United States has ever been £onnally investigated by the UN Consultam to So\'trtign Dine.h Nmior1. Co-Chair, NCO Huma~~ Rights Caucus at 'he VN Commi.ssior~ on Su.stairwble De\'elopmeru for violations the right lO freedom of rclig.ton. T I or Abdelfauah Amor came in response to n fonnal complaim filed by the lntcn>atlonallndian Treaty Council (liTC) on behal£ of the Sovereign Oineh Nation of Big Mountain, Arizona focus· ing on forced relocation and its impacts on religious freedom. The religious rights of the Dineh Nauon are thrc:uencd by the British-owned Peabody Coal Company (PCC). the world~ largest pri\'Otcly-owned coal company. which operates the Black Mesa/Kayenta strip mine in the heart of Black Mesa. Over 4.000 burial and sacred snes have been destroyed as a result of strip mining. There is no protection given to Oinch burial grounds and sacred sites. Members of the: t.:olnmunit)t are ba.rrtd access 10 cenain s.1cred sites to pray. which interferes with the.ir abibty to practice thc1r religion. which is land~bascd and sile Sj>ecific. 4 (718) 349-1841 t•mail: sdmuiorJ@tarlhlhlk.P~tl Roraima, Brazil: Forest Fires Reach Yanomami Territory T he raging fires sweeping the Amazon have r!!ached the Yanomami's dense jungle territory. for the past two months. fires set by subsis(ence fam1ers to cle:tr the1r land ha\'e ravaged the s.wanna highlands of Roraima state. The dcv.. · asuuing Orcs are coupled with one or the worst droughts the region has e.ver faced. Thous..1.nds of Macuxi, \ V3ptxan:t. Taurcpangi, \Vai \ Vai, Pcmon. Maiongong and Patamona pc:oA~Yala News �IN pies arc also <hrca<cned as <he drough< has ruined their crops. The fire:; arc now t:uing their way into the jungle, which is usually far too h\nnid and wet w burn. According to meteorolo· gists. 1:1 Nil)o may be affecting the bizarre weather, which has caused Oooding in 6raz1l's south and drought in the Amazon region to the Nonh. Romima has not seen rail'\ for five months. .and the winds push lhc names quickly lhrough !he foreSl aided by lhe exuemel)• low levels of the rivers and creeks, natural firebreaks. At this writing. the Orcs had already entered seven miles into the Yanont."mi's vast ttrritory along, the 8ra:ii-Vcnczuela border. The rivers in the :li'Ca ha\'C dried up to such an extent that heahh care providers-arc unable to reach Yanomami villages affected by 1nalaria. 1'he fires come at a time when the. garimpenos, poor gold miners who swanned into Yanoma.m1 lands by the tens of 1hous.1nds in <he 1970s and 80s. have finally been rc,novc by the gov~mmem this j3J\\I3_y. Yanomami leader Oavi Kopcnawa t Yanomami has -appealed for help to stop the f'ires from encroaching fun her into the jungle and desnoying any villages. He expressed concern <hal <he fires will open <he way for gold miners and landless farmers who would normally be slopped by <he dense jungle. The Consdho lndlgena de Rornima (CIR) has appealed 10 the imcrn::nional community for dis.'1Ster aid to help fight the severe eondi<ions created by the fires ond drough<. As pan of <heir solidari<y campaign. CIR is trying <<> drill wells, build water c.xmals and provide food for the Jndigenous t>eoples in Roraima. where the f'ircs ha\'e alr~ad)• consumed 25% of the state's forests. Pft<lS€ tonwa CIR at: cir@technec.com.br BRIEF d:.uncotal, a.nd rtj>rtscms the first time that the multiculturalism of the nation has been legally recognized. To comply with the Convention, the government must con· suit '''lth the Indigenous communities before nlSlituting any projccl <ha< could ~ffect <he communi<ies directly. The S<a<c is atso obliged to establish the means through which the commu. nities can panicip:ne freely in decision-making with govem.. ment authoritu~.s. In the Constituent Asstmbl)·. whlch was seated in late December and is charged with rtwriting the Ecuadoran ConStitution. members of the 1~chakutik mo\'emem , cemer.Jeft panics and former Presidem Osvaldo Hunado ( 1981·84). head of <he Peoples Democracy pany and speaker of the assembly. have promised to defend the ILO conventiOI\. In tts debates Ol\ plurinatiOilttlhy. the assembly is considering the issues addressed in Convention 169 including such topics as: juridical pluralit)', which would pcnnil Indigenous communities to have their own laws. legal t-ode.s and s.t~nctions, and provide legal recognition of some decisions made under traditional juStice systems. nlthotlgh many aspects of these decisions would be subordinate lO t:cuadorian law; making the official govcmmcm rcprcscmative in a locality an elected post in Indigenous tcrrito· ries, rather than a political appoimcc or I he provincial govemor; m<'tking Quich\13 n nauonal langunge, on the same level as Sp~nish. while less·"~dely spoken Indigenous <ongues would be recognized as official languages i1\ the areas where they are SJ>okcn: allowing 1ndigcnous communities to organize themselves according to their own traditions. Even if Ecuador joins the eight other Uuil\ Amcrican coun· . tries that have. ratified Convcmion 169. signing this interna- tional agreemem is not a guaramee of compliance Lluco ciles the example of Mexico. who ratified the accord in 1990 but is Ecuador- Indigenous People Push for Ratification now persecuting the ln<ligenous commtmitie-s in Chiapas. Many of ILO Convention 169 Indigenous leaders think that it is necessary lO incOrJ>arate the Convention into the national constitUtion. According to Lluco " Congressional recognition is fundamental , but it is only the f'irst in Ecuador, Indigenous people kicked off the momh of step ... February with demonstrntiOJ\S and marches tO pressure 1he govemmtnt tO ratify the International labor Org;,lnization's The recent discussions In Congress surrourlding: the ILO Convention 169 ~hat rtcognizcs the rights of Indigenous and Convention 169. have sp.·u kcd nationwide debmcs about mul· Tribal People. Their rcccm efforts include the massive march of ticuhuralism and what il mC'ans to be a muhi·ethnic state. "Our more than 1,500 Indian that arn"ed in Quito on the 4th or nonns are pan of a survhral system that hM- nothing to do wilh Fcbruaf)\ On Feb. 5th interim President Fabi~n Alarc6n sent western laws. ·nU\t is why it is imperative for Indigenous com· Congress his report on the issues addressed in the convention. mur~ities to be give'' the J>Ower to re-solve their own internal Congress is now deb~Uil\g the ratification or the international conOicLS. For this reason. it is indispensable that the constitu· tion include judicial pluralhy. Obviously there is a need to ere· accord. ate a l.aw to harmonize gtncral legislation with that of the Since it was ratified by the lntemationa] Labor Org~t.nization Lndigenous communities. where matters of justice are ::tlso in Geneva in 1989. the dose 10 3.5 million Indigenous people decided collectively and where the entire commun1ty panid· in Ec.ttador have been fighting for hs ratification. lndigcnoll$ pates.. Lluco concluded . leader Miguel Lluco. congressional representative of the P<tchakmik Plurinational Movement. has conti0\.100 to raise the Information from: Nolicias Ali(ldas. Pc:n• issue of rmineation or the convention tn Congress. Lluco says that there ,..,.~ "nn unjustified delay on the. part or 1he executive bmnch" in handing over the convcmion to Congress for mtifi· cation. For the 11 Indigenous nations in t:cuador. -a country of J 1 million inhabitants. the ratification of the Convention is fun· l Vol. 11 No.1 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roraima, Brazil: Forest Fires Reach Yanomami Territory Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Roraima, Brazil: Forest Fires Reach Yanomami Territory Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 4-5 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1988 Language English Abstract Note The combination of drought and forest fires have threatened thousands of indigenous people. Attachment Title Roraima_Brazil_Forest_Fires_Reach_Yanomami_Territory (1).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Conselho Indigena de Roraima Roraima Yanomami https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7bfe4407af57a382fcb0d8640ba8ab6e.pdf 412598f4866c3d617137d29ffdf712b8 PDF Text Text I N B R I E F Nicaragua's Atlantic Coast Update: Logging Stopped! The Oineh communnyS long history Qf rtsJStance reached a pivotal I>Oint in 1974, when the US Congress appro,·ed the Navnjo-Hopi S<:ulemem Aet. The previous am:mgement of dual ownership of lhe lands by the Dlneh and the Hopi complicated the mining companies ability to seek land leases for co.1.l extr~u:· tion. This new law. sponsored in part by the mining indu$try, resulted in the £on:ed relocation of 12.000 traditional Oineh from their land. In 1996 the US government attempted another Oineh·l-lopi settlement act that offered land le:ases to a few ftun· i1ies while authorizing the forcible relcx-ation of those who did not qualify for a lease pemlit, The Oineh art feeh ng the pressure to rtsettle w oper1 1nore land for mining. he 16th of February, Nicaragua's Environment .and N:nur:.\1 Rt.SO\trctS Millisuy withheld permits to SOL· CARSA, the Korean Lumber company, declaring their logging concession null and void Two rears ago. the Violcta Chamorro government grnnted a 153,000 acre concession to SOLCARSA. a subsidiary of the Korean tronsnatlonal Kum K)~mg (~e Abya Y a!a News. Summer 1997, Vol 10. No.3. Pg.34). The rainforest concession violated laws protecting the nght of lnd•genous <:Oml'nunities of the North Atlantic Atonomous Zot•e (Rt\AN) to control their natuml resour:cts. The In addition lO being the primary SOU~C of deStruction for recent dcdaration has. come after the Nicaraguan Supreme Court has ruled that the logging concesston is unconstitutional traditional Oineh burial and sacred sites. the cool st rip~mine h:tS for a second time. The Korean logging g1ant has already paid 1 cr~U':d several etwlronmental problems. Tht mine threatens the million dollars in fines for violating logging regulations. sole sourc;e of water for the communities in the region. The coal from the Slack M~ mine is mixtd with ,.,:rater and ttansportcd For the Miskito and Sumo people. the eviction of SOI..- 273 miles through a slurry line to the Mojave Generation Station CARSA is the first step towards recognizing 'heir constitutional in laughlin. Nevad:t. To function properly. the slurry line must right to title their lands. Armstrong \Viggins, a M~skito lawrer <U pump up to 1.4 billion g$llons of wt.\tcr each year frotn the the Indian Law Resource Ccncr s.1id that '"this was an imj>Ort.arn Oineh aqtlifer. battle, hard fought ... but to keep this from happening again. we In his four·day visit , Mr. Amor heard from lndtg.cnous have to press now for the demarcation of all lndigneous lands in nations m Arizona on other maaers 3S well. including: the Nicaragua.'" Un1versity of Arizol'H\'s plac:eme1\l of tcltsc:opes on tOp of Momu lnformmion from: R csoutce Ctrucr of rite AmcrfcM and GlolHd Graham , a place sacred to the Apa<:he people: urnnium mining Resp<>11se: globrrsp<>nse@igc.apc.org on the high pl:ueatt~ of the Grand Canyon, which is s.'\cred to the Havasupai and many other Indigenous peoples nath•c to Arizona. Nevertheless. Mr. Amor refustd to validate or refute "''l' until he h.•d time to United Nations Investigates Human Rights Abuses :.md allegations he had rccti"ed fromdigest the documentation testim<m)' more than one hundred Against Indigenous Peoples in the United States and Cif~y people in his four day vish. Amor's report from lus U.S. vlsit will likely be: heard by lhc U.N. Commiss1on on Hum:m February 1-4, Mr. Abdelfauah Amor. the UN Special Rights in March 1999. It is possible the UN may rcle•~ the Rapponcur of Religious Intolerance of the Unitt.-d Nntions report to the public by the end of 1998. Comm~ssion on liuman rughlS, l'nCl With traditional Olnch The aides to the stateS congression:t1 delegation in Arizona (N~wajo) elders to investigate charges of humatl rights violations by the Un i u:~d States govcmmcnL A comingem of various non· said they had never heard of Amor nor had any idea why he had government organizations, most of them faith based. were 1nvlt· selected AriZOI\9. tO ilwestigate the subject or re.hgious lntOicrcd by the Dineh to participate in the event. More chan one: htm· anct. dred people sat on the din floor of a hogan liStenit'lg tO u:sti· \tfars.ha ~\lf<mc~.rcr.sl()l, monies about rtligiotts violations. This was the firs~ time that For more irifomuuion please comacr: 1 the United States has ever been £onnally investigated by the UN Consultam to So\'trtign Dine.h Nmior1. Co-Chair, NCO Huma~~ Rights Caucus at 'he VN Commi.ssior~ on Su.stairwble De\'elopmeru for violations the right lO freedom of rclig.ton. T I or Abdelfauah Amor came in response to n fonnal complaim filed by the lntcn>atlonallndian Treaty Council (liTC) on behal£ of the Sovereign Oineh Nation of Big Mountain, Arizona focus· ing on forced relocation and its impacts on religious freedom. The religious rights of the Dineh Nauon are thrc:uencd by the British-owned Peabody Coal Company (PCC). the world~ largest pri\'Otcly-owned coal company. which operates the Black Mesa/Kayenta strip mine in the heart of Black Mesa. Over 4.000 burial and sacred snes have been destroyed as a result of strip mining. There is no protection given to Oinch burial grounds and sacred sites. Members of the: t.:olnmunit)t are ba.rrtd access 10 cenain s.1cred sites to pray. which interferes with the.ir abibty to practice thc1r religion. which is land~bascd and sile Sj>ecific. 4 (718) 349-1841 t•mail: sdmuiorJ@tarlhlhlk.P~tl Roraima, Brazil: Forest Fires Reach Yanomami Territory T he raging fires sweeping the Amazon have r!!ached the Yanomami's dense jungle territory. for the past two months. fires set by subsis(ence fam1ers to cle:tr the1r land ha\'e ravaged the s.wanna highlands of Roraima state. The dcv.. · asuuing Orcs are coupled with one or the worst droughts the region has e.ver faced. Thous..1.nds of Macuxi, \ V3ptxan:t. Taurcpangi, \Vai \ Vai, Pcmon. Maiongong and Patamona pc:oA~Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource United Nations Investigates Human Rights Abuses Against Indigenous Peoples in the United States Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title United Nations Investigates Human Rights Abuses Against Indigenous Peoples in the United States Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 4 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Language English Abstract Note Delegates from the United Nations met to discuss the United States violation of the right of freedom of religion reguarding the Navajo and the Soverign Dineh Nation of Big Mountian. Attachment Title Nicaragua's_Atlantic_Coast_Update-_Logging_Stopped.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Exploitation Religion Soverign Dineh Nation of Big Mountian https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/32490315434cc21a8a2599f69cd047d7.pdf 5eafafc36d93c9f380f621331ae7e5c4 PDF Text Text I N B R I E F Nicaragua's Atlantic Coast Update: Logging Stopped! The Oineh communnyS long history Qf rtsJStance reached a pivotal I>Oint in 1974, when the US Congress appro,·ed the Navnjo-Hopi S<:ulemem Aet. The previous am:mgement of dual ownership of lhe lands by the Dlneh and the Hopi complicated the mining companies ability to seek land leases for co.1.l extr~u:· tion. This new law. sponsored in part by the mining indu$try, resulted in the £on:ed relocation of 12.000 traditional Oineh from their land. In 1996 the US government attempted another Oineh·l-lopi settlement act that offered land le:ases to a few ftun· i1ies while authorizing the forcible relcx-ation of those who did not qualify for a lease pemlit, The Oineh art feeh ng the pressure to rtsettle w oper1 1nore land for mining. he 16th of February, Nicaragua's Environment .and N:nur:.\1 Rt.SO\trctS Millisuy withheld permits to SOL· CARSA, the Korean Lumber company, declaring their logging concession null and void Two rears ago. the Violcta Chamorro government grnnted a 153,000 acre concession to SOLCARSA. a subsidiary of the Korean tronsnatlonal Kum K)~mg (~e Abya Y a!a News. Summer 1997, Vol 10. No.3. Pg.34). The rainforest concession violated laws protecting the nght of lnd•genous <:Oml'nunities of the North Atlantic Atonomous Zot•e (Rt\AN) to control their natuml resour:cts. The In addition lO being the primary SOU~C of deStruction for recent dcdaration has. come after the Nicaraguan Supreme Court has ruled that the logging concesston is unconstitutional traditional Oineh burial and sacred sites. the cool st rip~mine h:tS for a second time. The Korean logging g1ant has already paid 1 cr~U':d several etwlronmental problems. Tht mine threatens the million dollars in fines for violating logging regulations. sole sourc;e of water for the communities in the region. The coal from the Slack M~ mine is mixtd with ,.,:rater and ttansportcd For the Miskito and Sumo people. the eviction of SOI..- 273 miles through a slurry line to the Mojave Generation Station CARSA is the first step towards recognizing 'heir constitutional in laughlin. Nevad:t. To function properly. the slurry line must right to title their lands. Armstrong \Viggins, a M~skito lawrer <U pump up to 1.4 billion g$llons of wt.\tcr each year frotn the the Indian Law Resource Ccncr s.1id that '"this was an imj>Ort.arn Oineh aqtlifer. battle, hard fought ... but to keep this from happening again. we In his four·day visit , Mr. Amor heard from lndtg.cnous have to press now for the demarcation of all lndigneous lands in nations m Arizona on other maaers 3S well. including: the Nicaragua.'" Un1versity of Arizol'H\'s plac:eme1\l of tcltsc:opes on tOp of Momu lnformmion from: R csoutce Ctrucr of rite AmcrfcM and GlolHd Graham , a place sacred to the Apa<:he people: urnnium mining Resp<>11se: globrrsp<>nse@igc.apc.org on the high pl:ueatt~ of the Grand Canyon, which is s.'\cred to the Havasupai and many other Indigenous peoples nath•c to Arizona. Nevertheless. Mr. Amor refustd to validate or refute "''l' until he h.•d time to United Nations Investigates Human Rights Abuses :.md allegations he had rccti"ed fromdigest the documentation testim<m)' more than one hundred Against Indigenous Peoples in the United States and Cif~y people in his four day vish. Amor's report from lus U.S. vlsit will likely be: heard by lhc U.N. Commiss1on on Hum:m February 1-4, Mr. Abdelfauah Amor. the UN Special Rights in March 1999. It is possible the UN may rcle•~ the Rapponcur of Religious Intolerance of the Unitt.-d Nntions report to the public by the end of 1998. Comm~ssion on liuman rughlS, l'nCl With traditional Olnch The aides to the stateS congression:t1 delegation in Arizona (N~wajo) elders to investigate charges of humatl rights violations by the Un i u:~d States govcmmcnL A comingem of various non· said they had never heard of Amor nor had any idea why he had government organizations, most of them faith based. were 1nvlt· selected AriZOI\9. tO ilwestigate the subject or re.hgious lntOicrcd by the Dineh to participate in the event. More chan one: htm· anct. dred people sat on the din floor of a hogan liStenit'lg tO u:sti· \tfars.ha ~\lf<mc~.rcr.sl()l, monies about rtligiotts violations. This was the firs~ time that For more irifomuuion please comacr: 1 the United States has ever been £onnally investigated by the UN Consultam to So\'trtign Dine.h Nmior1. Co-Chair, NCO Huma~~ Rights Caucus at 'he VN Commi.ssior~ on Su.stairwble De\'elopmeru for violations the right lO freedom of rclig.ton. T I or Abdelfauah Amor came in response to n fonnal complaim filed by the lntcn>atlonallndian Treaty Council (liTC) on behal£ of the Sovereign Oineh Nation of Big Mountain, Arizona focus· ing on forced relocation and its impacts on religious freedom. The religious rights of the Dineh Nauon are thrc:uencd by the British-owned Peabody Coal Company (PCC). the world~ largest pri\'Otcly-owned coal company. which operates the Black Mesa/Kayenta strip mine in the heart of Black Mesa. Over 4.000 burial and sacred snes have been destroyed as a result of strip mining. There is no protection given to Oinch burial grounds and sacred sites. Members of the: t.:olnmunit)t are ba.rrtd access 10 cenain s.1cred sites to pray. which interferes with the.ir abibty to practice thc1r religion. which is land~bascd and sile Sj>ecific. 4 (718) 349-1841 t•mail: sdmuiorJ@tarlhlhlk.P~tl Roraima, Brazil: Forest Fires Reach Yanomami Territory T he raging fires sweeping the Amazon have r!!ached the Yanomami's dense jungle territory. for the past two months. fires set by subsis(ence fam1ers to cle:tr the1r land ha\'e ravaged the s.wanna highlands of Roraima state. The dcv.. · asuuing Orcs are coupled with one or the worst droughts the region has e.ver faced. Thous..1.nds of Macuxi, \ V3ptxan:t. Taurcpangi, \Vai \ Vai, Pcmon. Maiongong and Patamona pc:oA~Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nicaragua's Atlantic Coast Update: Logging Stopped! Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Nicaragua's Atlantic Coast Update: Logging Stopped! Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 4 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1998 Language English Abstract Note Logging which has been damaging to Indigenous communities of the North Atlantic Atonomous Zone has ceased, leading to greater control of there constitutional right to their lands. Attachment Title Nicaragua's_Atlantic_Coast_Update-_Logging_Stopped.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Indigenous Rights Logging Nicaragua North Atlantic Autonomous Zone https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3abfd49474c50b74f7a4bf8efea43334.pdf c7a445d42c2415cb8e5817b3a0c8426f PDF Text Text IN pies arc also <hrca<cned as <he drough< has ruined their crops. The fire:; arc now t:uing their way into the jungle, which is usually far too h\nnid and wet w burn. According to meteorolo· gists. 1:1 Nil)o may be affecting the bizarre weather, which has caused Oooding in 6raz1l's south and drought in the Amazon region to the Nonh. Romima has not seen rail'\ for five months. .and the winds push lhc names quickly lhrough !he foreSl aided by lhe exuemel)• low levels of the rivers and creeks, natural firebreaks. At this writing. the Orcs had already entered seven miles into the Yanont."mi's vast ttrritory along, the 8ra:ii-Vcnczuela border. The rivers in the :li'Ca ha\'C dried up to such an extent that heahh care providers-arc unable to reach Yanomami villages affected by 1nalaria. 1'he fires come at a time when the. garimpenos, poor gold miners who swanned into Yanoma.m1 lands by the tens of 1hous.1nds in <he 1970s and 80s. have finally been rc,novc by the gov~mmem this j3J\\I3_y. Yanomami leader Oavi Kopcnawa t Yanomami has -appealed for help to stop the f'ires from encroaching fun her into the jungle and desnoying any villages. He expressed concern <hal <he fires will open <he way for gold miners and landless farmers who would normally be slopped by <he dense jungle. The Consdho lndlgena de Rornima (CIR) has appealed 10 the imcrn::nional community for dis.'1Ster aid to help fight the severe eondi<ions created by the fires ond drough<. As pan of <heir solidari<y campaign. CIR is trying <<> drill wells, build water c.xmals and provide food for the Jndigenous t>eoples in Roraima. where the f'ircs ha\'e alr~ad)• consumed 25% of the state's forests. Pft<lS€ tonwa CIR at: cir@technec.com.br BRIEF d:.uncotal, a.nd rtj>rtscms the first time that the multiculturalism of the nation has been legally recognized. To comply with the Convention, the government must con· suit '''lth the Indigenous communities before nlSlituting any projccl <ha< could ~ffect <he communi<ies directly. The S<a<c is atso obliged to establish the means through which the commu. nities can panicip:ne freely in decision-making with govem.. ment authoritu~.s. In the Constituent Asstmbl)·. whlch was seated in late December and is charged with rtwriting the Ecuadoran ConStitution. members of the 1~chakutik mo\'emem , cemer.Jeft panics and former Presidem Osvaldo Hunado ( 1981·84). head of <he Peoples Democracy pany and speaker of the assembly. have promised to defend the ILO conventiOI\. In tts debates Ol\ plurinatiOilttlhy. the assembly is considering the issues addressed in Convention 169 including such topics as: juridical pluralit)', which would pcnnil Indigenous communities to have their own laws. legal t-ode.s and s.t~nctions, and provide legal recognition of some decisions made under traditional juStice systems. nlthotlgh many aspects of these decisions would be subordinate lO t:cuadorian law; making the official govcmmcm rcprcscmative in a locality an elected post in Indigenous tcrrito· ries, rather than a political appoimcc or I he provincial govemor; m<'tking Quich\13 n nauonal langunge, on the same level as Sp~nish. while less·"~dely spoken Indigenous <ongues would be recognized as official languages i1\ the areas where they are SJ>okcn: allowing 1ndigcnous communities to organize themselves according to their own traditions. Even if Ecuador joins the eight other Uuil\ Amcrican coun· . tries that have. ratified Convcmion 169. signing this interna- tional agreemem is not a guaramee of compliance Lluco ciles the example of Mexico. who ratified the accord in 1990 but is Ecuador- Indigenous People Push for Ratification now persecuting the ln<ligenous commtmitie-s in Chiapas. Many of ILO Convention 169 Indigenous leaders think that it is necessary lO incOrJ>arate the Convention into the national constitUtion. According to Lluco " Congressional recognition is fundamental , but it is only the f'irst in Ecuador, Indigenous people kicked off the momh of step ... February with demonstrntiOJ\S and marches tO pressure 1he govemmtnt tO ratify the International labor Org;,lnization's The recent discussions In Congress surrourlding: the ILO Convention 169 ~hat rtcognizcs the rights of Indigenous and Convention 169. have sp.·u kcd nationwide debmcs about mul· Tribal People. Their rcccm efforts include the massive march of ticuhuralism and what il mC'ans to be a muhi·ethnic state. "Our more than 1,500 Indian that arn"ed in Quito on the 4th or nonns are pan of a survhral system that hM- nothing to do wilh Fcbruaf)\ On Feb. 5th interim President Fabi~n Alarc6n sent western laws. ·nU\t is why it is imperative for Indigenous com· Congress his report on the issues addressed in the convention. mur~ities to be give'' the J>Ower to re-solve their own internal Congress is now deb~Uil\g the ratification or the international conOicLS. For this reason. it is indispensable that the constitu· tion include judicial pluralhy. Obviously there is a need to ere· accord. ate a l.aw to harmonize gtncral legislation with that of the Since it was ratified by the lntemationa] Labor Org~t.nization Lndigenous communities. where matters of justice are ::tlso in Geneva in 1989. the dose 10 3.5 million Indigenous people decided collectively and where the entire commun1ty panid· in Ec.ttador have been fighting for hs ratification. lndigcnoll$ pates.. Lluco concluded . leader Miguel Lluco. congressional representative of the P<tchakmik Plurinational Movement. has conti0\.100 to raise the Information from: Nolicias Ali(ldas. Pc:n• issue of rmineation or the convention tn Congress. Lluco says that there ,..,.~ "nn unjustified delay on the. part or 1he executive bmnch" in handing over the convcmion to Congress for mtifi· cation. For the 11 Indigenous nations in t:cuador. -a country of J 1 million inhabitants. the ratification of the Convention is fun· l Vol. 11 No.1 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ecuador - Indigenous People Push for Ratification of ILO Convention 169 Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Ecuador - Indigenous People Push for Ratification of ILO Convention 169 Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 5 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1998 Language English Abstract Note The Indigenous people of Ecuador held demonstrations and marches to push for the ratification of International Labor Organization's Convention 196. This would legally recognize the multiculturalism of the nation for the first time. Attachment Title Ecuador_Indigenous_People_Push_for_Ratification_of_ILO_Convention_169.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Ecuador ILO Convention 169 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/cfa52d7b144f2e05d1314911d9d2af53.pdf 257f276f61906327396c7ff78df987e9 PDF Text Text RIGHTS F or centuries, pcrh:tps even mil~ for 1hc body and sptnL hons of years. 1hc Xa'·amc pro- The unique Xavame 1denuty is marked by ~~ hau·cuiS 1ha1 dtsunguiSh thtm from any oth~r n:mon m the world. b)' 1httr nch and soph1>11<Jicd language, by lht cUSlom of removtng cyel.l>hts and eyebrows. by ~~ nchly eltborme body patntings done for each ceremony. by the songs 1hat emerges from drc~uns. by the umque dances and g:tmcs th:n unites the people in strong. unified movements, capable of shakmg 1he ground of 1he for<SL This is 1he people of Auwe Utllabi. 1rue poople, Xa\'anl< pt"Opl< of 1hc S.rra do Roncador. pi<. hkc 01~r lndt~nous pro- pic around the , ..·orld, ha,·c b«n dcvd~ opmg n d1ffertnt ·way of be1ng n'l the world, btuldillg their own umquc 1dcnt1· 1)', thc1r own unique culture. They ha\'e k~med from 1hc Slones. passed down b)' theu anctsaor from a tunt" 1mmemortal, how to thmk :\bout the world and how 10 reb•• 10 t\'tl)1hmg 1h:.u tx•sc.s around them, ahvc and mySttnous They ha,·e learned to mo,·c between the \'aSl coumrys1de and the dense forests. learning abom C<'Ch mumal. each plant. each s.ar and constdl:ttion. each movement of the sky, :md 1hc n"cr. m complete hannony and connccuon wuh C\'trything around them Takmg from nature - and rttummg C\'CI)1htng 1ha1 l~)' nttd for SUI\Wal food. shcher, color and btam), mediCme 28 "'U'"' The first encounter wuh 1ht "'w.ua... - whnes- occurred 2 cemuncs ago. when 1her entered the centr.1l-eastem pan of Brazil in search or gold and precious stones. After a tentatl\'C coext.stence wuh the whites. thnt ended 10 ambush and mass.-.c;rc of hundreds of Xavames. the Auwc J>eoplc decided to nvoid contact wuh the "'warazu·. Thcr retreated deep tnto the forests. seckmg out m their tmd•uonaltcrritoncs places that had nOt yet b«n mvaded For dose 10 1wo hundred years, 1 hcy had h\•td 111 relata\'C peace. with a few confront:u•ons. but sull rna•ntaining, thc•r autonomy 8)• the ~g.nning of the 19-WS, new auacks from the mvad~rs. nO\\' much more agg:rt:ssn:e and wtll org;~mzcd , broughl warfare. dea1h and suffenng 10 1ht Au"'t Upubi_ I'"' The 50 years ha\'C been a ptnod or dnngcr, ducats and rear. But this hunt· ing people htwe teamed how to cope wilh 1he predators that have continued to invade the1r territories again a.nd agam. In lookmg ror ways to mamtain peace, to p.'lclf)' the "v.'Jraz:u", the:)• learned how to Crtate new ronns or COCXISI.C'nce and SUrvival. The greal chtcf Ahopo<n. ltader o( thlS Xowantc communny, guaded hiS people 1hrough con1a<1 , bthevmg 1ha1 p<ace wilh dtc whiles would be 1he only way 10 ensure the S\11'\'IV:.ll or the Auwc (>C:Oplc. These warl'iors decided to control their terntones with complete autonomy. decided 10 prcsc111 lhctns<lves 10 1he ··wara.zu.. through thc1 O\\n culture. r A~YalaNews �H u MA N Cars. with their strange and continuous: tracks on the ground, are no longer a mystery to the Xavante people. The youth of the village leam to drive Toyotas. tntcks and tractors with ease. Technology such as video cameras, recorders, solar panels, radio transmiuers does not frighten them. They are confident in their capabilities. ancestml memory and sophisticated arlalytical reasoning. The village of Pimentel Barbosa. which was first contacted over 50 years ago. has been able to successfully maintained its traditions by resisting the emrance of tnissionaries. governmem agencies and interference from the outside world. With the strong leadership of the great chief Ahopoe. this village has created strategies to maintain a pe.aceful coexistence with the ··warazu .., They decided to choose a group of youth to leave the village to study and live ' vith the whites, to learn the language and C\LStoms. returning later. possessing this knowledge. to work inside the community and strengthen the traditions of the culture. 1n the 1980's, with the continuing disappearance of animals for hunting. the elders voiced their concerns about the f~1ture of the people and the traditions. With the hell> of the knowledge gained by the youth . who had been prepared in the '"world of the warazu,.. the Xavames created the jaburu Project, a research and management project set \II> to guarantee the continuance of hunting in the tcrritO· ry now enclosed by ranches. In the last 4 years, The Xavames, in partnership with the "N\tcleo de Cuhura lndlgena" (an Indigenous NCO). launched the first Indigenous music CD in Brazil - .. Etenhiritipc'\ - Traditional Songs of the Xavante." The record ' vas recorded in the village, with professional equipment. and the songs were registered in the name of the village, guaranteeing the payment directly to the authors. Several additional projects ca.me out of the Xavames first CD. One was a collaboration with the rock band Sepult\11'3 on their latest record ·Roots." A successful music video was also created to publicize the Etenhiritip<\ record, and was exhibit· ed at Indigenous film festivals in the United States. Mexico and Europe. Vol. 11 No. 1 Even \vith all these contacts from the exterior world, the young men continue to be traditionally prepared in HO (the singles house) for years. They maintain close contact with their godfathers and continue to learn the anceStral traditions. They arc taught in this way until the time when their ears arc pierced. marking the transition from a child to an adult, and their entrance into the life of a 'varrior. RIGHTS plams. memories. A human being alive. wilh a past and a future, this is the way or Auwe Uptabi. .. - In partnership with the NUcleo de Ct~lturallndlgena. the Xavante people are organizing a big event for the middle of 1998. called "Xavante - 50 Years of Contacl... This work has reunited various generations from the villages. the elders who participated in the contact with the During their apprem iceship. the ·warnzu· in 1946 and the yomh and chilyoung men follow the animal tracks in dren that ha,·e already mastered !westtheir h~mting games. They participate in ern} writing and drawing skills. Everyone the solidarity game . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .. has bten working which requires ntn· with the ning with large palm recorders and video tree logs, and also in cameras and partieipating in the effort the secret initiation ceremonies where to register the histo· ry of this period for the real world ceases the present and for to exist. the future. M:lybe it is difficult for outsiders to This event will understand the bring together phocomple:\ities of the tographs of the inicontemporary tial contact between the Xavantes and Xavame culture. The clothes, the t·shirts the "\vara.zu.'" along and caps with w•ith original draw· English inscriptions ings. texts. and that no one reads or ~,»iad J¥edwtiDJS iu~"ldK,Ib;t. objects. A group of understands, the 25 warriors will give machines that FUNAJ (the Brazilian gov- singing and dancing perfonnances and ernment agency for Indigenous people) traditional rituals and ceremonies will be left when the)' tried to create an presented as well. Also on the agenda are Indigenous development project there... plans to make a documentary, a bilingual These things mean nothing when the book in X..wante/Ponuguesc and a CD elders join together everyday. to greet the ROM . arrival and the departure of the sun. to exchange their impressions of the world The Xavame people of Pimentel on a daily basis, to discuss the path to the Barbosa live in an Indigenous reserve future. The ..warA... the advice from the called "Rio das Mortes," that shelters 3 aduh males, is the strOJ'lgcst insdtution in other villages in the state of Mato Grosso, the village and is resJ>Onsible for giving in central-eastern Brazil. Six more direction and continuing the dail)' tradi- reserves of the X.wame people Slill exists. tions. approximately totaling 60 villages and a population of more than 4 thousands it is here that the elders discuss the Indians. 'f confrontation between the Xavante comTh~ authot tf'Oiks with N6deo Jt (ullurallndfg~na in munity and the cuhur~ of "'progress. This connict can be seen at the "Rio das Soo Pcu/c, Bro<il. Mortes· (River of Dtath). a drainage channel from the neighboring ranches For more infonn<llion and the purchase of and a exportation corridor for Mercosul. postcard.~ and CDS. ple(~se contacc Ntideo For the Xavante people, the river is the de Cultural Jndtgena, Rua Roquelt Pinto fountain of life. of stories and histories, 381 . Prcvi<Uncia - S. Paulo. 8r<!Sil, PltondFax: 551 1·8131754, £-m<~il: and tn\lSt remain full of fish . sheltering nci@ax.apc.org and feeding many animals. people. ft 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Xavantes of the Serra do Roncador Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angela M Pappiani Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title The Xavantes of the Serra do Roncador Item Type Journal Article Author Angela M Pappiani Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 28-29 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1998 Language English Abstract Note The Xavante people have been developing their culture in harmony with nature for centuries. They encountered whites but were able to tentatively coexist while maintaining their autonomy. The elders created the Jabiru Project which aims to guarantee the continuance of hunting in their territory. Attachment Title the_Xavantes_of_the_Serra_do_Roncador.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Coexist Serra do Roncador Xavantes https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7e77791cb0ba88c19cdbf5dd7a07376b.pdf f1cdc06893ef1b27c8d9a2f8b87bd121 PDF Text Text EN V IRONMENT Second International Indigenous Forum On Biodiversity and the Convention on · Biological Diversity Workshop THE CONVENU()N ON 81ot.OC.ICAL 0MRSITY IS niE FIRST IN'TERNAnONAU.Y IINOING AGREEMENT LOOSELY RE<)VIRING ll"S 165 MEM8.£R NATIONS TO SUSTAlNABlY USE THE \\'ORLOS 810lOGICAI. OMRSITY, THE AGREEMENT WAS OPE:NEO fOR SK.NATURE IN JUNE 1992 AT UIE EARTH SUMMrT IN RIO DE JANEIRO, AND HAO RECEIVED 168 SIGNATURES 8Y JUNE 4 OF 1993- rom November 20a23, Indigenous pc:OJ>I<: (rom around the world met ru the Second International Forum on B1odwersn)' m Madrad. Spain to pre· par< a proposal for the Traditional Knowl<dge and Stologtcal O.,·crslly of the Con\•enuon on B•ologrcal Diversity (CBD) Workshop. wh1ch was hdd from NO\• 24th to the 28th The Workshop f0<U5«1 on the 1mplcmentauon of Anicle 8). as pbnncd at the thud Conftr<nce of !'antes (COP) tn Buenos AntS. Argentina. 1he pn~:vtous year 111 NO\·embt-r 1996. F What follows IS the proposal drafted by the lnd1genous Forum on Biodiversity and submitted to the \Vorkshop on Trnditionol Knowledge and Biological Oavcrsuy. The results from the lntcmauon:d Indigenous rorum will be presemed to the Founh Conference of Pantes in Urmi.slava, Slovakia, in May of 1998. Working document on the implementation of article 8j. and related articles PREAMBLE lndcg<nOtiS Peoples comt from the land and ha"c b<tll our lift rhrough rht land. \Vt clo nOl tdmt lO the land th<u w e came from <b prOI)(rty, we rd<Ue ro the lcmd a.s our Mol her. nwt the lcmd is our 1\lfother cmmOl bt denied, just <IS it caml.()l be denied thm our htmum mother is our rt!Clher. In this t·rspca we as lndlget~ous Peoples ha,·e rcsportslbllltttS lO honor and nutrurc our Earth 10 tnsutt rhat she can conrim'c to ght us life. Ou• role and rtspo11$ibcliry is co prOt((( ""' MOth<~ &mh from d<Slfuaion and abllsn·e lreoln".c'nt, JUSt as we u·mdd defend our human moLher. In ca'!)1ng out chLS r«ponslbthty owr a period of cJwu. ,.,ru~, of )tars. we ha>t b«®K a crncral comporttnl of rht l>lorl"''""Y of the Eanh. 8"''" 26 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ELEMENTS FOR THE FORMULATION OF A WORK PROGRAM 1 Ensure thal the tmplementauon of an1cle 8). and related an1des. take into constdcrauon lht txt.sung lndlgenous decbrauons •nd proposals. mcludmg the Draft Declarauon on the Rights of lnd1genous Peoples. the Kan Oea Decbrnuon. the Macaatua Decbration. tht S.'tma Cruz O¢clamuon. the Leucia Declarnuon and Plan of Aeuon. the Treaty (or a L1re Fomts Patent Free Pac1flc. the Uk\I))SCI'\1 Kun\\ Yala Declaration. and prev1ous stmcmcms of Indigenous Forums convened nt J>revious CBD/COP and intcrscssional meetings. 2. Ensure Indigenous Peoples· full and mcanmgrul p:micipatlon in the implemcmatton of an.1clc 8J. and related antc:les: a) r'('(:Ogmu: lndagcnous Peoples as Pan•es to the Co1wenuon on 81ological o,,·ersuy b) adopt lht recommendation of the S.eond lntemauonal lnd1genous Forum to cstabhsh an lnd1gcnous Peoples' Workmg Group c) m•·ol"e the lndtgenous Peoples' \\~mg Group in thc mttrprumon and amplcmentation of anrcle 8J and related amcles. ancludmg the monnonng of the eomphance of the Pan.1es to the Convcnuon to thear obliga~ uons under the Convenuon d) de"clop mechanisms to ensure Indigenous Peoples' p:micipallon in decision making processes al the intcrnauonal level (UN, COP. lFF, etc.) e) de"elop mechanisms to ensure lndagc,~ous Peoples' participation m dccasion making processts at the nauonallevel. mc1udmg 1hc de,·clopmem and 1mpltmentauon of lcg~sbuon , envt· ronment:al acuon plans and 1mpaa stud· 1es 0 de.·elop meehamsms to ensure the full pan~etpauon of lndcgenous Peoples tn State P3n.ts' str.ucg.ra 10 desagnatc and manage protected ams g) mcorporate the nght to obJecnon m all meehamsms to ensure Indigenous Peoples' pa.rtidpa· tion h) incorporate the light to free and prior infonned consent 111 all mechanisms w tnsure lndtgcnous Peoples' pantcip.1· uon. 3. Develop mechan1sms to ensure the full and equal pamopa110n of Indigenous women 1n all processes rtl.ltrd to the 1mp!c:mencauon of the Com·enuon. a.nd suppon the umque mpons1bdcuu of Indigenous womrn tn tht canng of 1hetr tradmonal lands and temtones and the protect ton o( baodi\'C:rslty 4. De"elop mechan1sms and process· es to ensure Indigenous Pcot>lcs' control over l:mds and territories to affect the protecuon a.nd cnhanccmcm of biodiversity: n) recognl:e the malienable a priori rightS of Indigenous Peoples b) recognize 1he. rela.uonsh11> thm cxis1s between the lands and tcrrnoncs o( lnd1genous Peoples and thm knowledge. innovations :tnd pmet1CCS rclaung to b•odi\'ei"Sil)' c) de\'elop proeesses to rep.,ui· ate the lands and temtones of lndtgenous Peoples 5. Incorporate 1nd1genous customary resourtt uses, nunagtment and pracuces 1010 sustamable: developmtnt plans. poh· c1es and proctsstS at mtemauonal and nation~J levels, recogmzmg transboundary issues tmportnnt to lnd1genous Peoples: a) encoumge muhihueral institu· lions, international ngencics. research institutions a.nd non·govcrnmcnt organi· zations to Involve Indigenous knowledge. innova1ions n.nd pmctlce.s rela.ted to the use and m.anagemtm of resources in their plans and programs b) estabhsh an mdtgt-nous global b1och"crsuy momtor· ing sys~em based on early wammg sys· t<ms usmg 1nd1genous knowledge Mth 1he backmg of sa~tllue technology and geographic mform.auon S)"Sttms c) requ1re thc mcorpor.auon of md1gcnous perspecuves and soe1al and cultural Conttnucd on pog< 35 /W(a Yala News �S A I I C C...tonucd from pagt 26 damc:nsaons amo enVIronmental tmpact assessment processes of research msulutts, mululatcral institutions, go,•ernmcms, etc. 6. Dc\'elop standards and guidelines for the protection. maintenance nnd developmen1 of mdigcnous knowledge. whtch a) faclluate the development o£ SUI gcncns S)'Stems of protecuon for lndagcnous knowledge accordang to mdagcnou.s customary laws. \'alues and world VIew b) reeognize the concept of the collecuve rights of lndtgenous Peoples and mcorporate this in all nauonal nnd mternational lcgislauon c) take into account :md incorporate cx1stmg Indigenous Peoples' politkal ond !ego! systems :md Indigenous Peoples' cuswmary usc or resources d) recogmzc tr.tdluonal agnculturol systems or lndagcnous People> e) mvolve Indigenous Peoples In th< dtvelopment of research gutdehn.s and standards 7 De,·elop standards and gutddmes for the prevention of biopiracy, the mon· 11onng of b•oprospecting and access 10 genetic resources: a) affec1 a momwrium on all bioprospecling and/or collecuon or biologtcal n13terial,s in the territoncs or lndtgcnous Peoples and protected Mtas and patenung based on these collecuons unul acceptable su1 ·generis S)'Stems arc cstabhshed b) affect a mor.uonum on th< rcg>5<enng of knowledge c) rcrogmze the nghts of lnd•genous Peoples' to acccS> and repatnote genetic matenals held tn all ex-suu collecuons. such as gene banks. herbanums and botamcal gardens. 8. Ensure the sharing of the benc01s derived from the use o f indigenous knowledge includes other rights. obhga· uons and responsibilities such as land nghts and the mamtenance or lndtgenous cultul't's co faethtate the transmtSS•on of knowltdgt. mOO\oauons. pracutt.s and values to future generations. 9 Ensure that rtlevant pi'0\'1SIOns or tmernauonal mechanisms and agrte· mcms of dtrcct relevance to the tmplc· mcmation or :tntcle Sj. and rehued al'tt· clcs. such "' 1he Trnde Related lnlellectual Propeny agreement of the World Trnde Organization. the European Union dtrecuve on the patenung of hfc forms. the Human Genome Otvtrsuy Vol. 11 No.1 ProJect. the Hu.man Genome Dechrnuon of the UNESCO. the FAO Comm1sston on PJam Genetic Resources and national and regional intellectual 1>ropeny ngh1s legislation under development, 1 ncorpo· rote the rights and concerns of lndtgenous Ptoples as cxpreS>ed u1 the ILO Convention 169, the Draft Dechrauon on the RightS of lndtg<nous Peopl.s. th< Kan Ocl Declarauon. th< Mawtua Dtt:larauon. the Santa Cnaz Declarauon, th< Len= Declar:tnon ond Plan of Amon, the Treaty for a Life Forms Patent Free Paciflc and prtV1ous Slate· mtntS of Indigenous forums COIWtned :U prev1ous CBD/COP and mterscss1onal meenngs. 10. Provide material "nd non·matcri· al suppon mechamsms and mcenuvcs to lndtgenous Peoples for cap.1<1ty butldtng m1ttaU\'CS towards· a) the de,'tlopmcnt of SUI genens S)"Sltms based on andagcnous customary la"'s for the prot«uon and promouon of lndtgcno~ knowledge. mno,•J.ttons and practtces b) m.s.tttuuonal strengthening and negonoung eapacny c) local!)• controlled pohcy. research and development strategies and acttvlllts for the maintenance and development of Indigenous knowledge 11 Require the rcvualtz.uton and numtcnance o£ Jnd1gcnous 13ngu.agts as pan or the implementation or antcle 8j and r<loted anicles and suppon the de,·elopmtnl of cdutall(mal S)'Stems b;osed on mdig<nous valuts and world \'ltW, mcludmg lhC CStabhshmtlll Of :m lndtgenous uni,•ersny. 12. Require that research and devel· opment activities in the reahn or lndtgcnous Peoples' knowledge. practtccs tmd mnovation systems arc gl\'en 1he s:tmc financial and pohcy support :as •for· nul scacnufte• research and development l(IIYltlts. 13. PrO\ide matenal and non·maltn· a.ltnctmh·es for mamtammg and enhanc· tng biodivcrsit)1, indu~mg l:md nghts and the recognition of acluc\'ements by lndtgcnous Peoples in protcctmg btO<h· ve rslt y. '!I C...tmutd from page 2i mentS and rdorrns 10 1he Mexican State. rather n would be admmmg that what. is needed is a rndtcJI tr.msfonnntion to the corrupt structures or J>OWCr in Mexico that have been dommatcd by the more than 70 y<•or old PRI dicLatorship. It would mean allowmg for not onl)f the Zapaustas. but all of Mcx1can ctv1l soct· ety to have the nght to trnnsfonn the government mto $0mcthmg that would go\'em by obeymg the needs and consensus of the MeX1<3n people, rath<r than conunue to be medtator or due global busmes.s mtcrtsts and an msa.ru· mem of repress1on Unfortunately Mextco acts with the reassurances or its tr..dc panncrs, the United States and Canada. The only 1hing standmg In the way o£ Mexico's unacceptable pol•cy towards Indigenous pcopl.s IS ciVll SO<tety both m Mexico and globally Cl\11 SO<ltty through both tts pohtical "111 and ~IOns an put an end to Lht> gtnoctdal war. The Indigenous people art clear that the solutiO!\ wall come from nowhere else. nor can they do It alone. "'Nenher peace nor JUstice w1ll come from the govern· mem. They wtll come from civil society. from its a muauves. from us mobiliza· tions. To her. to )'OU, we sptak toda):''tl er,.t;l fdoiJcri is o ..... olIN,...,. K ,0, ;ti;o. r.ds f:t t:lt K :1iol<l( - l o t o.-<q ialli.Oco. SO. «:tlifd t:lt Ulitlnilyol !osuxia ~ ~ riett t:lt c ...P,Jtl loll ol«..tfon ia Hisl«y o o :J - . ; , SociolorJ r<llticrJ ~ ...t htt tmis ootl:. [opclirJ"' I• Stpllcfllll l 1996, liN ""' Dlit4 10 jojw tb• Noctb AmtricOJ lodioo O.S.,.rioo to tho U Kofioo~ llitt4 W"t~ 610119,. tilt Otch Oodototiocl co tho t~hts of llldigtAOlll Pf<9(" io Gt,o,,., In O.Crmhu of t!nt ym, sit tror..<d lolo toolidoJ, ~ M cod pcod.cod • irko '""F''·\om•IKitfi<g 'lf''clin' tiN sittlclioa;, llio.,....li«, ....t~ag 11ili N IJ.II. (JysJd C •w • ""'t ""A..""' lf<Jri<J ooJioc:oi4t,. .... - A.. ...t eclifn ,_ pk or«JCJ INI..,,....;.. "9'<XXr /omcg 01 "' ~ llriAr:toitco Slrog;fos ol ~ ~ io IU.dc• """,_.,,,owen" 35 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Second International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity and the Convention on Biological Diversity Workshop Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title Second International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity and the Convention on Biological Diversity Workshop Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 26, 35 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Language English Abstract Note A proposal was drafted at the Second International Forum on Biodiversity that includes recommendations for elements of a work program which ensures Indigenous rights. Attachment Title Second_Internation_Indigenous_Forum_on_Biodiversity_and_the_convention_on_Biological_Diversity_Workshop.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Madrid Spain https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/f1bacde55806dd44a9b35894bdcc134d.pdf 74266006b2e347233bd5e5d5729ee0d0 PDF Text Text _ __, S E L F D ETE R M I N A TI ON & TERR I T O R Y Margarita Calfio M argarita works with the LIWEN umer for \Vc know that you work with Ihe Mapuche youth in Temuco. Chile. How are urban Mapuche youth keeping their idenc i1y? I personally li\'ed this reality and it was a slow, complex process. because when I began to reconnect with my Mapuche heritage, my parents were Mapuche Studies and Actually. I was working with youths unhappy. They didn·t understand or did· or the when l resided in Santiago. betwe.-:n '92 and '95. I worked with a youth organi- tl't wam to comprehend my need lO reconnect with my roots.. .lt was a difficult battle agninst the social currents.. and against your o'vn fears... Documentation and is a member Mapuche lnStiu.nions and Organizations of the IX Region Organizing Committee. She was also presidem of the Urbon zation called the Urban Mapuche Indigenous Youth and Student Union. One of my wishes now is to start a project with urban Mapuche youths in the city of Temuco. because revitalizing identity in these spaces is urgem. Mapuehe Indigenous Youth and Student \ Ve know very well that citie-s are nOt the appropriate environment for the Union, and founder and boord member rtprodu<tio'' and socialization of the cultural elements of an Indigenous People. These places. rather than facilitating the formation of a unique identity and positive self-image for the younger Indigenous generation. tend to degrade of the urban Mapuchc association. ~ Kinen Mapu.'" Margarita came tO visit SAIIC in you as a human being and encourage negative and alienating values. mid-March to pllnicipate in a num~r of According to the 1992 population local events. She gave a presentation at census, there are one million two hun- SAIIC's "Recognizing and Honoring dred Mapuche people. Of this, over than four hundred thousand Mapuches live in Contributions and Metropolitan regions. and onl)' about 15% live in rural zones. Perspectives of Indigenous WomcnM event on March 13th. While visiting our office, Margarita spoke with SAIIC about her work with urbon Mapuche youth in Chile. Vol. 11 No.1 The urbat> Mapuche population is mnde up of migrants from the n1ral communities and their children born and raised in the cities. They are youths with Mapuchc last names, but they are usual!)• lacking cultural references that would enable them to connect with their Indigenous identity in a positive way. How much in nucncc has urban culture had on Indigenous youths ? The city influences you with values that alienate you from your identity as a Mat>uche. but when you resolve your own identity issues and begin to accept yourself and feel proud of your origins. it gets easier. There are always people that will help you. especially the grandmoth· ers and grandfathers, \vho will hand you all their knowledge without questioning. A very relati\'e J>Oint is that when you assume your identit)', being urban, you have mastered the elements of the Other world , of the dominant society. This is really an advantage. because you posses the tools that you can utilize to benefit your people. This is what we are trying to with many Mnpuche young people, make them conscious of our heritage, con- scious or our need to become profession~ ais. \ Vh at is "' Kinen Mapu'', the Urban Mapuche Association doing to Slipport the Mapuchc youth and to s tre ngthen their culture? 33 R �S E L F DETERM I NATION This organization is new and has n01 yet completely defined its course of action. which is something that we have to do soon. l've been working'for some time with the ll\VEN Cemer for Mapuche Studies and Documentation. The objective of this institution is w generate knowledge from our own perspective al'td to disseminate il to all sectors. especially the Mapuche. For example. we work on topics relating to the Mapuche people, to the situation of other Indigenous nations· in their own co\mtrics. and on the issue of Bilingual Intercultural Education. \Vhat is the difference between the programs for Mapuche children and those for 1hc youths? & TERRI T ORY understand our interest in understanding things of such liule relevance to them. The people in the countryside usually don't value their legends. their family his· tOries. They doni comprehend the rich· ness of their own knowledge. V.le got them to change their anitude: they stancd to talk, to spill out a whole marvelous. unknown world for us. V.lc really teamed an enom1ous amoum. It was magical to listen to it all, and the most importam thing is that we were able to get our relatives, om aunts and uncles. cOtlSins. etc .. involved. \Ve'd like to ask why you, as a young Mapuchc woman, arc involved in this type of work? l work with conviction, because I really feel that itS necessary to Slruggle With the children you have to work in a p1ayftt1 comext, where you keep the youngster entertained while they're learning. and of course you must involve the famil)' in some way. This is difficult, because many times the parents don't agree that their child should learn about Mapuche culture because they view this as negative bUlthis is not their fault. \Vc don't know what negative experiences they Mve had that have made them opposed to it. for our rights as Mapuche people. The COnditions o£ poverty and Ot>prcssion ir'l which we live today must change. Mapuche children should grow up in a healthy atmosphere, in peace and hannony with the environment. \Vorking with young people or adolescents is a liule more complex. They are going through a difficult stage. building their identit)~ They have marly fears. and to come to terms with being an Indigenous person in a racist country is not an easy thing. You have tO gain their confidence slowl): They must see that you as a woman car'l be a role tnodel. that being Ma1>uche is net bad or ugly, not at all. \Vhat would you like to see in the future fo r Mapuche youth? And what would you like to do to make it hap· pen? \Vc know th:tt you did some research on the oral history of cite fa milies of urban Mapuchc youths. \Vhal were the most impor1an1 points 1hat came out of this research? This study came about due to the \Vhen I wok consciousness of my identity, or my history. or my culture. it was really like a liberation. I strongly feel the need to supj>OM my people in every 'vay that I can. ItS a life choice. The future of the youth and children is a worry that we have as a people. In many communities. the young people must migrate to the urban centers to find any work they can. Their dreams of studying arc dashed at a very youn$ age and that's not fair. I'd like to do many things. but we need to design strategies at the community level. Individual initiatives should be within a larger comc~·a to make the desired impacts and changes. We're working for this. interest that a group of us young Mapuche students had in retrieving our history, that history which was denied us for our having been born in a differem context than our parents and grandpar· ems. It was :m arduous task. because from the bcgil'tning our families didn't 34 \Ve know that you've been working on a project on Indigenous \Vomen and Gender in \ Vashington. DC. Could you te ll us what the focus of your research tms been? In S<!ptember. 1997. I was selected by the JXvelopmem Fund for Indigenous Peoples tO develop a work apprentice-Ship ln the Indigenous People-s· Union of the lnternmerican Development Bank. located in Washington. DC. I'm St>ecifically working on editing a report about the topic of gender relations in indigenous communities and development. It is a renective work, whose main objective is to understand Indigenous women's thoughts and perceptions aboUl develop· mem. Essentially, the idea is to propose certain strntegies that can be incorporated into the S.mk's policies in relation to · indigenous women. "!' Contino<ed from p<lgt 22 contribution to society, not only the Indigenous one of Ecuador. but in whichever place throughout the world. \ Vhat have been the challe nges that you have had to face as an Indigenous woman doctor? I don't like being labeled as an Indigenous woman doctor; well. I feel like any other womar\ of ar\y other culltlte and nation. Btu in fact l'"e had to face cenain challenges. like knowing that the people of my community viewed me as the s.wior from the health problems affecting the community. The leaders of my l>rovincial community trusted so in my abilities. One demonstration of this was their inviting me to work in the SAMAY Project. Onanced by the European Unior'l. I'm talkir\g about a pro Hfe project that would permit us, in a significant manner, to build our society, that would allow us to control our own destiny. Being a representative of the Confederation of the Indigenous Nationalities o£ Ecuador. CONAIE, is another challenge. 4 To respond positively to all these challenges. 1 always U)' to le.arn more to better understand the culture of Globalization. to learn how to manuever myself 'vithin the dynamics of the modern age, in distinct levels and spheres of humal'lttctions. For me, it is imponam to take imo account the advice and the points of view of the great Indigenous leaders. and of the great ideologies. both old and new. '11 Abya Yala News �S A I I C C...tonucd from pagt 26 damc:nsaons amo enVIronmental tmpact assessment processes of research msulutts, mululatcral institutions, go,•ernmcms, etc. 6. Dc\'elop standards and guidelines for the protection. maintenance nnd developmen1 of mdigcnous knowledge. whtch a) faclluate the development o£ SUI gcncns S)'Stems of protecuon for lndagcnous knowledge accordang to mdagcnou.s customary laws. \'alues and world VIew b) reeognize the concept of the collecuve rights of lndtgenous Peoples and mcorporate this in all nauonal nnd mternational lcgislauon c) take into account :md incorporate cx1stmg Indigenous Peoples' politkal ond !ego! systems :md Indigenous Peoples' cuswmary usc or resources d) recogmzc tr.tdluonal agnculturol systems or lndagcnous People> e) mvolve Indigenous Peoples In th< dtvelopment of research gutdehn.s and standards 7 De,·elop standards and gutddmes for the prevention of biopiracy, the mon· 11onng of b•oprospecting and access 10 genetic resources: a) affec1 a momwrium on all bioprospecling and/or collecuon or biologtcal n13terial,s in the territoncs or lndtgcnous Peoples and protected Mtas and patenung based on these collecuons unul acceptable su1 ·generis S)'Stems arc cstabhshed b) affect a mor.uonum on th< rcg>5<enng of knowledge c) rcrogmze the nghts of lnd•genous Peoples' to acccS> and repatnote genetic matenals held tn all ex-suu collecuons. such as gene banks. herbanums and botamcal gardens. 8. Ensure the sharing of the benc01s derived from the use o f indigenous knowledge includes other rights. obhga· uons and responsibilities such as land nghts and the mamtenance or lndtgenous cultul't's co faethtate the transmtSS•on of knowltdgt. mOO\oauons. pracutt.s and values to future generations. 9 Ensure that rtlevant pi'0\'1SIOns or tmernauonal mechanisms and agrte· mcms of dtrcct relevance to the tmplc· mcmation or :tntcle Sj. and rehued al'tt· clcs. such "' 1he Trnde Related lnlellectual Propeny agreement of the World Trnde Organization. the European Union dtrecuve on the patenung of hfc forms. the Human Genome Otvtrsuy Vol. 11 No.1 ProJect. the Hu.man Genome Dechrnuon of the UNESCO. the FAO Comm1sston on PJam Genetic Resources and national and regional intellectual 1>ropeny ngh1s legislation under development, 1 ncorpo· rote the rights and concerns of lndtgenous Ptoples as cxpreS>ed u1 the ILO Convention 169, the Draft Dechrauon on the RightS of lndtg<nous Peopl.s. th< Kan Ocl Declarauon. th< Mawtua Dtt:larauon. the Santa Cnaz Declarauon, th< Len= Declar:tnon ond Plan of Amon, the Treaty for a Life Forms Patent Free Paciflc and prtV1ous Slate· mtntS of Indigenous forums COIWtned :U prev1ous CBD/COP and mterscss1onal meenngs. 10. Provide material "nd non·matcri· al suppon mechamsms and mcenuvcs to lndtgenous Peoples for cap.1<1ty butldtng m1ttaU\'CS towards· a) the de,'tlopmcnt of SUI genens S)"Sltms based on andagcnous customary la"'s for the prot«uon and promouon of lndtgcno~ knowledge. mno,•J.ttons and practtces b) m.s.tttuuonal strengthening and negonoung eapacny c) local!)• controlled pohcy. research and development strategies and acttvlllts for the maintenance and development of Indigenous knowledge 11 Require the rcvualtz.uton and numtcnance o£ Jnd1gcnous 13ngu.agts as pan or the implementation or antcle 8j and r<loted anicles and suppon the de,·elopmtnl of cdutall(mal S)'Stems b;osed on mdig<nous valuts and world \'ltW, mcludmg lhC CStabhshmtlll Of :m lndtgenous uni,•ersny. 12. Require that research and devel· opment activities in the reahn or lndtgcnous Peoples' knowledge. practtccs tmd mnovation systems arc gl\'en 1he s:tmc financial and pohcy support :as •for· nul scacnufte• research and development l(IIYltlts. 13. PrO\ide matenal and non·maltn· a.ltnctmh·es for mamtammg and enhanc· tng biodivcrsit)1, indu~mg l:md nghts and the recognition of acluc\'ements by lndtgcnous Peoples in protcctmg btO<h· ve rslt y. '!I C...tmutd from page 2i mentS and rdorrns 10 1he Mexican State. rather n would be admmmg that what. is needed is a rndtcJI tr.msfonnntion to the corrupt structures or J>OWCr in Mexico that have been dommatcd by the more than 70 y<•or old PRI dicLatorship. It would mean allowmg for not onl)f the Zapaustas. but all of Mcx1can ctv1l soct· ety to have the nght to trnnsfonn the government mto $0mcthmg that would go\'em by obeymg the needs and consensus of the MeX1<3n people, rath<r than conunue to be medtator or due global busmes.s mtcrtsts and an msa.ru· mem of repress1on Unfortunately Mextco acts with the reassurances or its tr..dc panncrs, the United States and Canada. The only 1hing standmg In the way o£ Mexico's unacceptable pol•cy towards Indigenous pcopl.s IS ciVll SO<tety both m Mexico and globally Cl\11 SO<ltty through both tts pohtical "111 and ~IOns an put an end to Lht> gtnoctdal war. The Indigenous people art clear that the solutiO!\ wall come from nowhere else. nor can they do It alone. "'Nenher peace nor JUstice w1ll come from the govern· mem. They wtll come from civil society. from its a muauves. from us mobiliza· tions. To her. to )'OU, we sptak toda):''tl er,.t;l fdoiJcri is o ..... olIN,...,. K ,0, ;ti;o. r.ds f:t t:lt K :1iol<l( - l o t o.-<q ialli.Oco. SO. «:tlifd t:lt Ulitlnilyol !osuxia ~ ~ riett t:lt c ...P,Jtl loll ol«..tfon ia Hisl«y o o :J - . ; , SociolorJ r<llticrJ ~ ...t htt tmis ootl:. [opclirJ"' I• Stpllcfllll l 1996, liN ""' Dlit4 10 jojw tb• Noctb AmtricOJ lodioo O.S.,.rioo to tho U Kofioo~ llitt4 W"t~ 610119,. tilt Otch Oodototiocl co tho t~hts of llldigtAOlll Pf<9(" io Gt,o,,., In O.Crmhu of t!nt ym, sit tror..<d lolo toolidoJ, ~ M cod pcod.cod • irko '""F''·\om•IKitfi<g 'lf''clin' tiN sittlclioa;, llio.,....li«, ....t~ag 11ili N IJ.II. (JysJd C •w • ""'t ""A..""' lf<Jri<J ooJioc:oi4t,. .... - A.. ...t eclifn ,_ pk or«JCJ INI..,,....;.. "9'<XXr /omcg 01 "' ~ llriAr:toitco Slrog;fos ol ~ ~ io IU.dc• """,_.,,,owen" 35 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with SAIIC: Margarita Martha Calfio Montalva Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Zotero Title Interview with SAIIC: Margarita Martha Calfio Montalva Item Type Journal Article Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 33-35 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Language English Abstract Note Margarita Marta Calfio Montalvo works closely with Mapuche youth in Temuco, Chile. She discusses urban cultures affects on Mapuche youth, her hopes for the future of the Mapuche youth, and challenges she faces as a women in the field of medicine. Attachment Title Interview_With_SAIC_Margarita_Marta_Calfio_Montalva.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chile Mapuche https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/da01a85f671d9229834010ee1703bdff.pdf cecc27b6750119523278d6f49aa323cf PDF Text Text ENV I RONMEN .:._ _ __ T • • ous people r forest ng local communities, ps and non-governmental off against a major I n a bid to prote<t their livchhoods. the Indigenous communities of the PilOn Lajas lndigenotl.S Territory and Biosphere Reserve in Bolivia's northern Bcni department have united against one of the areaS biggest logging companies. The Chimane. Mosttcne and Tacana peoples have joined forces with the Rurrenabaque municipal gov· cmmem and Veterinarians \Vithout Borders (VSF), a French NGO which oversees administration of Pi16n lajas. to ban the Berna logging compa1\y from the reserve. 24 A'<Yta Yala News �ENVIRONMENT ..\Ve want the :tuthoritie-s to throw out 1hc logging companies. so 1hey leave 1he lCrrilOl')' for good : said Bern~n SolO. "THE SUCCESS cuhure secretary or OR FAILURE OF San luis Chico. Berna, however, has THE PILON a legal concession issued by former LA)AS AREA, Presidcm Gonzalo DESIGNATED AS SAnchez de Loz..'lda AN INDIGENOUS (1993·1997). and TERRITORY AND ahhougluhc compa· ny has not resumed BIOSPHERE RESERVE IN 1991, DEPENDS ON WHETHER OR NOT THE LOGGING INDUSTRY IS CONTROllED" logging in the area, 1he baule is far from over. Berna$ logging contract does not expire umil 2011. "The success or fail· ure of 1he Pil6n L'ljas area, designated as an Indigenous territory and biosphere rescnre in 1991. derxmds on whether or not the logging indusuy is controlled," s..<tid Daniel Robinson, national coordinator of VSF. Bolivia$ forest reserves are considered among the worldS richest, \\i lh more 1han 2.500 species of 1rees. The coalition against Berna s.c1.y that the company, along with hoards o£ inde· pendem loggers. is steadily deforesting 1hc supposedly pro1ec1ed area. ' They are tearing out various timber SJ>Ccics. 1nain· ly mahogan)', and selling them for excellent prices; Soto said. In addition , ~vlosetene representative Macario Canare said. "For every mahogany trunk they take om , they cut down 70 more trees geuing to it." logging also 1hrea1ens Ira· ditional hunting grounds on which Indigenous communi· ties depend for their livelihood. '"The loggers hunt animals in 1he jungle for food. and 1he sound of their machines scares many more away... Canare said. lov.red. The law givts Indigenous people the exdusive right to tase foreSt resources on commur~al land in territory reserved for Indigenous groups. Protected art.as indude more than 9.5 million hectares, while Indigenous areas amount to about 1 million hectarts. In comrasl. more than 21 million hectares have been granted il'l foresiTy concessions (NA jul)' 18. 1996). ''The lumber companies and indepen· dent loggers are taking away tree-s that we have title to. withOUl giving anything i11 return to the communities ... Soto said. Robinson and the Indigenous peo· pies of Pil6n L'ljas argue that local communities should a1 leas1 gel a pcrcemage of loggers' pror.lS. The Indigenous communities have created a prece· dem of resistance and some head· way has been made in defending Pil6n lajas. In 1996. VSF sued 1he !lelia Visla and El Pino logging companies for working without comracts, and they were forced to suspend operations, the first time such action had ever been 1akcn. A 1hird company. Selva Negra, lef1 the area volumaril)~ Bema. the largest comp..1ny remaining in Pil6n L1jas, is proving hard 10 dislodge. Robinson said VSF "FOR EVERY lawyers have "extensive evi· dence lha1 lhe cornpanys log· MAHOGANY ging prncticcs do not comply TRUNK THEY wilh 1he foremy law." For example, Bema has not begun TAKE OUT, THEY 1he reforeSialion program CUT DOWN 70 de1ailed in ilS original con1rac1. and its employees continue to MORE TREES hum for food, ahhough Imming is prohibited. many people want Bema to stay. Rumnabaquc, a frontier settlement on the Scni River. thrives on lite exlt'ac· lion of mahogany from Pil6n L'ljas. Mos1 or the town is built from second·rnte mahog...tny. and it is an open secret that 1he local s.'wmill culS illegally harveSled wood into commercial planks. Despite its shortcomings, the new forestry law has staned to control the flow of wood fron't the area. By allowing people to make a living from logging. but regulating the indus· try through forest inventories and extrnction plans. the area could have a S\.lStainable more future. ..People have realized that by limit· ing their output they can s1ill make good mone>~ Since the vol· umc has dropped in R\lrrenabaque, the price of lumber has almoSl doubled: Robinson said. But these small advances are threatened by large·scale. unsus· tainablc operations like llemas in Pil6n Lajas. "If l&rnal isn't thrown out, then the whole lhing will fall 1hrongh. lndeJ>endcm loggers will 'If 1hcy'rc not going to make the big guys leave the protected areas, then why should we lleavel?" Robinson said. '"'Y· Despite the obstacles, the Indigenous communities in Pil6n l.aja arc detem'tined to protect the restrve. ..ItS our right to protect our territory," C.'\nare &'tid. "lf we can't control il, and if this logging doesn't stop. we lose the fumre we are fighting for." ~ GETTING TO Bolivia's forts~ry law, passed w is everyoneS fervent hope it in 1996. allows 1he governIT." ment to lease forests to private that Berna will be thrown out, companies in 40·year conces· but tht)' are very powerful sions. providing regulations governing here,- Robinson said. The logging indussustainable forest management are fol· try is imponant to the local economy, and Vol. 11 No.1 25 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 11, no. 1 (Spring 1998) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolivia: Indigenous People Fight for Forest, An alliance among local communities, Indigenous groups and non-governmental organizations faces off against a major logging company. Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Grant Jaime Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1998 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Bolivia: Indigenous People Fight for Forest, An alliance among local communities, Indigenous groups and non-governmental organizations faces off against a major logging company. Item Type Journal Article Author Jaime Grant Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 24-25 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1998 Language English Abstract Note The Indigenous communities of the Pilon Lajas Indigenous Territory and Biosphere Reserve have challenged a large logging company, asking for their overthrow. They claim that logging causes negative environmental, health, ad social effects. Attachment Title Bolivia_Indigenous_People_fight_for_forest.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Beni Bolivia Logging Pilon Lajas Indigenous Territory and Biosphere Reserve