20 12 1190 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/4a07eeb51c114638876bca9d36c17ed4.pdf 172fadcf25b020cbfccdbdd7359ae661 PDF Text Text ': . . ~Jtr·Jit,;,!_jr,i ',lJ;J:JfJ] 1_;_: I o;T_r, ·,t.iltr; t·,,·,r:rJ ' ' :l'/ t.!lf• (~J inllo f_IJlrr:li~t·., ·"t.:•-'"'"i '''JT:.tiilrl rpfrnm. -·HHi (frr)m Cl:-iA ~:.IJPfJUil uf ;j multil;1.tH.iL I ,;,)>•f)f:J IJulletin, summer l9f:JI•.) Uill_l ue The Mapuche people are one of the groups most affected by the extreme oppression with which the Military government deals with most of the Chilean population. With their pro-oligarchy mentality, this goverrment is trying all tactics to destroy the Indian organizations that focus on social or political issues. The Mapuche People, through their organization, Ad-Mapu, are putting up resistance to the threats of destruction and intimidation. They have participated actively along with thousands of Chileans in the Days of National Protest. In January of 1984, a paramilitary comando force calling itself the Chilean Anti-Communist Alliance (ACHA}, kidnapped and killed a Mapuche student. At the same time, they also threatened the lives of all Ad-Mapu leaders. Venezuela During the week of April 23rd (the Day of National Protest) to the 28th, eleven Ad-Mapu leaders were arrested by the military police. Since then, nine have been released due to pressure from the Mapuche People and international solidarity organizations. The other two, Jose S. Millao (President) and Domingo Jineo (Treasurer) were confined to Northern Chile. On July 25th, both were released, but their lives were threatened if they continued to participate actively in the Ad-Mapu organization. During June and July. the repression and intimidation of the Mapuche has increased greatly. ~7;0ng other things, government authorities have annc:J~.JnCed that the ~d---ftl.apu headquarters will be searched and the organiLation will be prohibited due to alledged "misuse of funds and Ccm-n<.Jn.ist leadership." ~ FOURTH ASSErBLY OF WORLD COUNCIL OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE This conference is planned for September 20-30, 1984 in Panama. The WCIP which is recognized as an NGO within the United Nations is CQ~sed of the following regional organizations: 1.) CISA, The South American Indian Cou~eil, 2.) CDRPI, The organization of Indian nations of Central America, Mexico, and Pan~. 3.) Indian nations of the United States and Canada, 4.) Sami Nordic Council, and 5.) National Aboriginal Conference of Australia and the Maori Council of New Zealand. For a tentative agenda and further information for those wishing to. attend, contact: WCIP- Secretary University of OTAWA 555 King Edward Avenue Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Kln 6n5 telephone: (613) 23D-9030 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring 1984) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile, Fourth Assembly of World Council of Indigenous People Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1984 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Vol. 1, No. 1 (Chile, Fourth Assembly of World Council of Indigenous People) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Volume 1 No. 1 (3).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Issue 1 Volume 1 Language English Abstract Note The Mapuche people are one of the groups most affected by the extreme oppression with which the Military government deals with most of the Chilean population. Pages 3 Chile Mapuche National Protest. https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/c1e0999cfaecec6d332b483c09a1fb3d.pdf 807198fd12ac8b3b60212bf436f7d288 PDF Text Text E N V IR ON ME NT Chile, Upper Biobfo: Hydroelectric Power Plant Threatens Environment and Pehuenche Communities he construction of the Ralco power plant on the Upper Biobfo river, Chile, threatens to topple the rivet's fragile ecology and cut off vital access to water for nearby Pehuenche communities. A campaign led by the Pehuenche to stop the project is underway, but faces powerful opponents such as national energy corporations and international funding agencies. Since ENDESA, Chile's biggest and most powerful electrical company, began to design a series of six hydroelectric interdependent power plants on the Biobfo River in the 1960s, the Ralco power plant has been considered the "key component" of this ambitious hydroelectric project. When the campaign to save the Biobfo River began, ENDESA and the CNE (The National Energy Commission) denied that they were planning several short-term projects along the Biobfo River. For example, they presented an earlier project, the Pangue power plant, as an independent project, completely divorced from Ralco or any others. An accomplice to thls tactic was the IFC (The lnternationa.l Financial Corporation), an entity affiliated with the World Bank. The IFC provided $100,000,000 in funds for the construction of Pangue. ENDESA and CNE deceived the public about the real number of proposed plants as a tactic to minimize the public's fear of negative effects from the power plants in the region. Considered independently of each othe•; the harmfu.l effects of the power plants apperu-ed to he less severe. Independent investigations reveal that ifRalco becomes a reality, it would have detrimental social and environmental effects on the Upper Biobfo region. With the dev- T Vol. 9 No.1 astation of 5,597 hecta1·es of land, at least two Pehuenche communities (Quepuca Ralco and Ralco Lepoy) with a combined total of about 650 families will have to he evacuated from their territory. ENDESA has promised to give them land for resettlent and jobs in the construction project. Howeve•; the Pehuenche communities have The proposed Ralco Hydropower project raises serious questions of ecocide for the Biobio watershed and the Pehuenche rejected these offers to p1-eserve their communities. The Pehuenche derive their income li·om subsistence fa•·ming and the sale of cattle and crafts. The proposal offers them little more than temporary labor as unskilled workers in the power plant's construction. Pangue, S.A. (the company in charge of Pangue tm·ough its Pehuen Foundation) has also instituted a system of credit (i.e. debt peonage) by whlch members of the Pehuenche communities of Quepuca Ralco and Ralco Lepoy may buy items needed for their home, such as stoves, pots, and other items. Howeve•; to acquire these items, the members of the communities must register their names with the company. The Pehuenches rejected thls program because of fear that their signatures will he used by Pangue, S.A as proof that the Pehuenche communities acquiesce to the building of the hydroelectric plant. The environmental effects of the Ralco hydroelectric plant will he devastating. Estimates indicate that about 3,400 hectal'eS of native fo1-est would he flooded, affecting about 45% of the fauna and 60% of the flora. The creation of an rutificial lake would endanger about 8 species of fish, 9 species of repti.les, 10 species of amphlbians and 27 species of mammals. Humidity in the a.-ea would increase, affecting crop production and altering the region's micro flora and micro fauna. The humidity would also help increase soil erosion. The effects of toxic gas emission and toxic sediments are still to he determined. But given the magnitude of the project, they would undoubtedly he environmentally and economically catastrophlc. Because of Ralco's negative impact on the Pehuenche communities a11d the envin>nment, it would seem that Chile's Indigenous Law and the Environmental Bases Law should he able to stop its construction. The Indigenous Law (No. 19,253) establishes norms for the protection, promotion and development of ethnic communities. It states that Indigenous land cannot be "aru1exed, mo1tgaged, levied or 1-epossessed except for Indigenous communities or persons . .."(Art. 13). Continue'd on page 38 27 �ORGAN I Z A TION AND Amazon, Forum II f11he future of the Amazon .l depends on its Indigenous peoples and the state of their environment. The Coalition in Support of Amazonian Peoples and Their Environment held its se<:ond international fomm in Washington, DC, at the Smithsonian's Museum of American History on May 10-12. The meeting brought together North American non-governmental orgamzations with representatives from the Amazon Basin to coordinate long-te• efforts on behalf of m Indigenous and forest-dependent peoples. Secretary-General of the Organization of Ame,;can States, Cesar Gaviria, and Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs at the US. Department of the Inte,;o•; Ada Dee•; gave keynote addresses at a reception welcoming participants on the evemng of May 9th. For m.ore information on tlte Amazon Forum, contact: Melina Seluerston, Amazon Coalition, 1511 K. Street, N~V, # 1044, Washington, DC 20005, 'tel: (202) 637- 9718, Fax: (202) 637-9719, e-mail: amazoncoal@igc.apc.org. State Frontiers and Indian Nations Continued {rom Page 7 bru· (page ?)for extracts from the declaration) to guarantee the integrity and respect for Indigenous peoples. With· all of these declarations, Indigenous leaders reiterate the importance that Indigenous pruticipation should have in peace talks. They •·ightly point out that a meaningful and lasting peace will not be reached as long as the Indigenous peoples who live in the disputed te11-itories continue to be ignored. Still, the governments of Ecuador and Peru are not listemng. The government of Pem, for exrunple, has proposed a plan to strengthen 38 COMM U N I C A T I O N its borders by g•vmg away Indigenous land to colonizers from different ru-eas of the country. But peace will not come through the fmther colonization of Indigenous people. On the contrary, peace will only be achieved when Indigenous land is rightly and justly protected, and the Indigenous way of life seem-ed. A joint declaration from AIDESEP and CONFENIAE states: "Nowadays, it is in vogue to speak of integration. Howeve•; we have lived for thousru>ds of years in peaceful communion with our Indigenous neighbors on both sides of the border. Fmthermore, borders that the white people created have divided communities like the Shuar, Quichua and Cofan. But we continue to feel as though we were part of one Indian continental nation: the ancient Abya Yala ." f1) Additional declarations and in{ormczt.ion from Indigenous organiza· tions on this border conflict are in SAl/C's PeaceNet coll{erence saiic.indio as well as on the Internet at: http: II ulwnaix.cc.ulwns.edu/-mar c / geography / latinam I ecuador/ bor der_;nain.html. Chile, Upper Biobfo Contmued {rotn page 27 Howeve•; because of a lack of resom-ces and interest, this law is not always enforced and large companies such as ENDESA can circumvent the law by, for example, buying land and building houses in other a•·eas, trying to persuade native communities to "sell." The purpose of the Environmental Bases Law (No. 19,300) is " to regulate all activities that in one way or another a.ffe<:t the environment." However, because the law still lacks spe<:ific and definitive legislative language, it is easy for large corporations to act in defiance of the spirit such laws. As of now, it is apparent that the CNE will recommend the constmction of the Ralco power plant without objectively re-evaluating its inevitable effects. In December 1994, the CNE re<:ommended the construction of the plant's gas pipelines. Ralco ab-eady has utilization rights on the Biobio Rive1's non-drinkable water, the provisional electrical concession, and engineering studies in their final stages of completion. Even though the CNE did not include the Ralco powe•· plant in its latest plan of works, the government is·about to consent to its constmction. If the government does give Et-.'DESA the permission to build Ralco, it ,viJl close the possibility for a real environmental evaluation to be conducted. Ralco, like Pangue, will become an example of how the Chilean govermnent allows big co•·porations to undertake socially and envil:onmentally risky ventures despite the existence of laws that prohibit such proje<:ts. A sinrilru· multi-dan> project during the 1970s, Antuco County on the Laja River, did not make good on its promise . Antuco is today one of poo1-est counties of Chile. Public outcry has been massive. Different environmental orgauizations like GABB (Action Group in Defense of the Biobio), Indigenous 1ights g>-oups, student activists and other outraged citizens have joined forces to stop the constmction of Ralco. In a public declaration, GABB called fo•-a complete halt to any other pt-oject along the Biobio River, the enforcement of the Environmental and Indigenous Laws, respect for the Pehuenche communities, their land and culture, and the creation of an effective energy policy that would prioritize the social and ecological sustainability of the country. f1) Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, no. 1 (Spring 1995) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile, Upper Biobío: Hydroelectric Power Plant Threatens Environment and Pehuenche Communities Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring, 1995 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile, Upper Biobío: Hydroelectric Power Plant Threatens Environment and Pehuenche Communities Item Type Journal Article Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 27, 38 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring, 1995 Language English Abstract Note Construction of the Ralco power plant on the Upper Biobío river in Chile threatens to topple the river's fragile ecology and cut off vital access to water for nearby Pehuenche communities. A campaign to stop the project is underway, but faces powerful opponents such as national energy corporations and international funding agencies. Attachment Title Chile_Upper_Biobio_Hydroelectric_Power_Plant_Threatens_Environment_and_Pehuenche_Communities.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Development ecology environmental disaster Pehuenche https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/c49ffeb35cf84742adfc8ada17968dcb 4ca27d161a4f615ab5f8cb3d88278959 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (4).pdf PDF Text Text BREVES Perú: Plan de protección ecológica amenaza comunidades indígenas NRENA, Instituto Nacional de Naturales del I Perú, en el la propuestacon elcrearRecursos de Protección concordancia artículo l2 de la Ley de Tierras, hizo de Zonas Ambiental con 40.5% de las tierras amazónicas del Perú, dentro de las cuales todavía podrían entregarse concesiones. El resto sería eventualmente designado de propiedad privada. Ello tendría un impacto tremendamente negativo en las comunidades indígenas, la mayor parte de las cuales no tienen título legal sobre sus tierras. La propuesta, publicada por el periódico El Peruano, define las Zonas de Protección como áreas naturales que ya benefician de una protección (como parque o reserva nacional), ciénagas, cuencas frágiles, y tierras ribereñas. Más de 31 millón de hectáreas de la Amazonía Peruana cabría dentro de esta categoría. El resto, alrededor de 46 millones de hectáreas, sería clasificado como Áreas Libres de Protección Ambiental y estarían administrados por la Ley de Tierras, lo que permitiría su venta por remate público a inversionistas privados. El Grupo de Trabajo de Derechos Territoriales Indígenas inició una campaña informativa sobre la Ley de Tierras, emitida por el Gobierno Peruano. En particular se basa en los fundamentos de la ratificación del Convenio 169 por parte del gobierno Peruano, y las contradicciones con esta ley retrógrada contra los pueblos indígenas. "Al ratificar el Convenio 169 de la OIT sobre Pueblos Indígenas y Tribales," exprime, "el Gobierno peruano reconoce los derechos sobre los territorios [tradicionales] .... El Grupo de Trabajo, considera que cualquier acto que pueda privar a los Pueblos Indígenas de sus derechos de propiedad y posesión sobre sus territorios ancestrales, serian nulos ab initio." indígena, Aucán Huilcamán, que actualmente es observador de la ONU para el proceso de Paz en Guatemala, había encabezado recuperaciones de tierras por los Mapuches de la IX y X Región. Al ser entrevistado en Santiago, la capital sede de la Corte Suprema, dijo estar en Santiago "para ver cómo un tribunal juzga a miembros de un pueblo diferente, regido por otras leyes y costumbres ... Espero que los jueces noten esta contradicción y actúen en consecuencia. Al oír de la decisión de la Corte al día siguiente, Aucán Huilcamán afirmó haber sido objeto de "discriminación político-judicial," y que los Mapuches seguirían defendiendo sus tierras. "Hay 134 Mapuches condenados desde los 18 a 78 años de edad, entre ellos tenemos 30 mujeres y 26 jóvenes," dijo el abogado de los Mapuches, Roberto Celedón. Una vez que se supo la decisión del tribunal, los Mapuches efectuaron manifestaciones en los pasillos de la Corte de Apelaciones en en las afueras del edificio de los tribunales de justicia El abogado precisó que "la ocupación de terrenos tiene para [los Mapuches] el significado de la recuperación del espacio vital que les fue arrebatado en forma brutal por los conquistadores y después por los gobiernos chilenos." En otra entrevista, Huilcamán ubicó los eventos dentro de un contexto más global: "Desde el Río Biobío al sur debe cambiar la naturaleza del estado. Tiene que generarse instituciones jurídicas, políticas y administrativas donde se adopten decisiones en concordancia con el ser de la nación mapuche. No plateamos una recuperación total de los territorios que nos fueron quitados, sino una revisión de las tenencias de esas tierras. Sólo así la dualidad cultural de esa zona, representada por Mapuches y Chilenos, podrá existir adecuadamente." Información de los periódicos Crónica de Hoy, Las últimas Noticias, y El Mercurio Información de la Asociación Pro Derechos Humanos (APRODEH) Lima, El Comercio, Lima, y la Coalición Amazónica Colombia: Indígenas Zenu amenazados Chile: Corte Suprema rechazó recurso de casación de Mapuches a Comisión Colombiana juristas recibido LColombia -ONIC- de la endehoras de haNacional informa-3 ción proveniente Organización Indígena de que, la noche del lunes a Segunda Sala de la Suprema recL hazó el recurso Penaldel falloCortesegundapor Chilenadictade casación presentado 134 indígenas mapuches en contra de instancia de junio pasado, fue introducido por debajo de la puerta de la casa indígena del municipio de San Andrés de Sotavento (Córdoba) un escrito anónimo que amenaza de muerte a los miembros de la junta directiva central en caso de que no abandonen el municipio antes de una semana. El anónimo dice textualmente: "Alerta se van a morir. Ya cayo (sic) el primero sigue Saul Baltazar tienes una semana para irte o te mueres. Prepárate: Guillermo Carmona, Rosember Clemente y los demás de la junta central". La amenaza se suma a otros hechos recientes de violencia contra miembros del cabildo indígena Zenu. El 25 de mayo pasado fue asesinado en la plaza de mercado de el cor- do por el Tribunal de Alzada de Temuco, en el sur de Chile. El caso original se refiere a una serié de toma de predios agrícolas por comunidades mapuches que llevó a una acusación de "asociación ilícita" y "usurpación de tierras." El tribunal determinó que era "inadmisible" el recurso por ser "extemporáneo." Aucán Huilcamán, werkén (dirigente) del Consejo de Todas las Tierras, quedó con un fallo que lo condena a 541 días de prisión. En 1992, en ocasión de los cinco siglos de resistencia 4 Noticias de Abya Ya la J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, No. 1 (Junio 1996) (Spanish) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Corte Suprema rechazo recurso de casacion de Mapuches Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 1996 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Chile: Corte Suprema rechazo recurso de casacion de Mapuches Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 10, no. 1 (4).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 Language Spanish Publication Title Abya Yala News Noticias de Abya Yala Volume 10 Abstract Note Chilean Supreme Court refuses to review the cassation of a case brought forward by Mapuche. Pages 4 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7ea98a24fed3ea7325aa773f583329f0 9c14cc166a4a33ddec54001addadd3fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 9 No. 1 & 2 (30, 39).pdf PDF Text Text M E D 1 o AMBIENTE tación Hidroeléctrica Amenaza Ambiente . Comu idades Pe ue che en el Alto Bio 10 a construcción de la planta ras por las aguas implicaría la evac- Lepoy compran abarrotes para la casa, hidroeléctrica Raleo en el alto Bio uación de por lo menos dos comu- como hornos, ollas, y otros productos. bio, Chile, amenaza con acabar nidades Pehuenche (Quepuca Raleo y Sin embargo, para obtener tales procon la frágil ecología del río y dejar las Raleo Lepoy), lo que representa el ductos, deben registrar sus nombres cercanas comunidades Pehuenche sin desplazamiento de 650 familias. ENDE- con la compañía. Los Pehuenches agua. Una campaña encabezada por los SA les ofrece tierras de reasentamiento entonces rechazaron este programa, Pehuenche se ha lanzado, pero se y puestos de trabajo en el proyecto de temiendo que sus firmas estarían utienfrenta con poderosos actores tales lizadas por Pangue S.A. como una como las corporaciones nacionales de prueba falsificada de que las comuenergía y agencias financieras internanidades Pehuenche aprueban la concionales. strucción de la estación. Desde que ENDESA, la más imporLos impactos ambientales de la tante de las empresas eléctricas en planta eléctrica de Raleo implican un Chile, empezó a planear la construcdesastre ecológico. Las estimaciones ción de seis estaciones independientes indican que 3,400 hectáreas de bosques en el Bio Bio, en los años 60, la estación nativos están destinados a quedar Raleo se ha considerado como el "comsumergidos, afectando a 40% de la ponente clave" del impresionante fauna y 60% de la flora del sector. La proyecto. creación de una laguna artificial pone Al inicio de la campaña para salvar en peligro la sobrevivencia de ocho al río Bio Bio, ENDESA y la CNE especies de peces, 9 especies de rep(Comisión Nacional de Energía) tiles, lO especies de anfibios y 27 negaron que estaban planificando la especies de mamíferos. El aumento de construcción de varios proyectos de humedad afectará la agricultura, y altercorto plazo sobre el río Bio Bio. Por ará la micro-fauna y micro-flora de la ejemplo, presentaron al proyecto región. Los efectos de las emisiones de Pangue, el cual era anterior a Raleo, gases y depósitos de sedimentos tóxicos como un proyecto independiente, sin todavía no se conocen. Pero, dado el vincularlo a los proyectos Raleo y otros. tamaño del proyecto, es seguro que Cómplice de estas tácticas es la IFC La construcción de la planta eléctrica serían muy serios. Raleo es (Corporación de Financiamiento ecología un riesgo considerable para la Debido a estos impactos negativos del Bio Bio y las comunidades sobre las comunidades Pehuenche y los Internacional), una entidad afiliada al pehuenches. Banco Mundial. La IFC proveyó un daños ambientales, la Ley Indígena y la fondo de lOO millones de dólares para construcción. Sin embargo, las comu- Ley de Bases Ambientales deberían prela construcción del Pangue. La ENDE- nidades Pehuenche han rehusado tales venir que se desempeñe tal proyecto. La SA y CNE engañaron al público al no proposiciones para salvar sus tierras. Ley Indígena (No. 19,253) establece especificar el número real de estaciones Los Pehuenches viven de agricultura de normas para la protección, promoción, planificadas para minimizar la preocu- subsistencia, ganadería y la venta de y el desarrollo de comunidades étnicas. pación pública sobre los efectos nega- artesanías. Esta propuesta no les ofrece Precisa que las tierras indígenas no tivos en la región. Presentados indepen- más que trabajo temporal no-especiali- pueden ser "anexadas, hipotecadas, dientemente, los impactos negativos de zado. recaudadas o recuperadas por otros que las plantas parecían menos. La Pangue, S.A. (la compañía las mismas comunidades indígenas ... " Investigaciones independientes responsable del proyecto Pangue a (Art. 13). demuestran que los efectos sociales y través de su Fundación Pehuén) tamSin embargo, por la falta de recursos ambientales de la estación Raleo en el bién ha instituido un sistema de crédito e interés, esta ley no se aplica siempre, alto Bio Bio serían muy graves. Una (es decir, de enganche) en el cual los y grandes empresas como ENDESA la destrucción de 5,597 hectáreas de tier- comuneros de Quepulea Raleo y Raleo Continua en la página 39 L 30 Abya Yala News �ORGANIZACIÓN Frecuentemente, la falta de infraestructura adecuada y de servicios básicos como líneas telefónicas, particularmente en áreas rurales, impide desarrollar redes electrónicas de computadoras. En el Africa, los activistas han empezado a conectarse con satélites de baja órbita para alcanzar los recursos de redes electrónicas. Por ejemplo, la ONG VITA (Voluntarios en Asistencia Técnica) ha asesorado organizaciones en regiones remotas de Tanzanía donde no hay elec- Y COMUNICACIÓN tricidad ni teléfonos para comunicar vía correo electrónico y el internet. De casi cualquier parte del mundo, una persona con el material apropiado puede mandar y recibir mensajes dos veces al día vía satélites de baja órbita. Estos satélites no se han explotado en México y América del Sur y Central. Pero, usando esta tecnología, los pueblos indígenas pueden crear sus propias redes de computadoras para reforzar sus organizaciones y defender su forma de vida.~ l contiene una gran riqueza de información relacionada pueblos indígenas Esuinternet SAIIC( porAdemás, hemos establecido una página en el conenlos(World Wide el nom-y lucha. su parte, ha creado una conferencia electrónica PeaceNet con bre de "saiic.ind1o." WWW Web, o Red Mundial). La dirección de esta página es la siguiente: • http://www.igc.apc.org/saiidsaiic.html Para obtener una copia del folleto de SAIIC, manda un mensaje sin sujeto a la siguiente dirección: • saiic-info@igc.apc.org Existen una gran cantidad de listas sobre asuntos indígenas. Lo que sigue es un resumen de listas con instrucciones para suscribirse (nótese que el "-1" de saiic-1 y native-1 es la letra "1" y no el número "1"). • saiic-1 (Manda un mensaje ton el texto "subscribe saiic-1" a la dirección mgjordomo@igc.apc.org· esta lista refleja la conferencia saiic.indio • lnd1genous Knowledge (Manda un mensaje con el texto "sub indknow <su nombre>" a la dirección listsetv@u. washinstonedu) • NativeNet (Mande el mensaje con el texto "sub native-1 <su nombre>" a la dirección Jistsetv@tamvm1. tamu.edu) También existen los siguientes archivos electrónicos: • NativeWeb (ht_tp://ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu!-marc/nativeweb.html) • Fourth World Documentation Project (http:l!www.halcyon.com/FWDP!fwdp.html) • Native American Server at UW-Milwaukee (ir con ·~opher" a alpha1.csd.uwm.edu y seleccionar "UWM" después "lnformation" y finalmente 'Native American Net Setver") • Native American FTP Site at Comell University (mandar un FTP a ftp.cit.cornell.edu y entre el directorio "pub/speciai/NativeProfs directory) Biobío: (Viene de la página 30) pueden sobrever: basta comprar terrenos y construir casas en otra zona y convencer a las comunidades nativas para que "vendan." El propósito de la Ley de Bases Ambientales (No. 19,300) es "regular todas actividades que de alguna forma afectan a medio ambiente." Empero, porque la ley carece de lenguaje legislativo específico, es fácil evitarla o actuar sin respetar el reglamento. Por el momento, es aparente que el CNE recomendará que se construya la estación Raleo sin re-evaluar sus efectos negativos inevitables de forma objetiva. En diciembre de 1994, la CNE recomendó la construcción de los gasaVol. 9 No. 1 duetos de la planta. Raleo ya tiene derechos de utilización del agua no-potable del Bio Bio, una concesión eléctrica provisoria, y estudios de ingeniería en los últimos tramos de finalización. Aunque la CNE no incluyó la estación Raleo en su último plan de trabajo, el gobierno esta para aprobar la construcción. Si esto pasa, la posibilidad de elaborar una verdadera evaluación ambiental se cierra. Raleo, como el proyecto Pangue, quedará como otro ejemplo del gobierno chileno que permite que grandes empresas emprendan proyectos socialmente y ambientalmente arriesgados a pesar de la existencia de leyes diseñadas para prevenir tales situaciones. Otros proyectos de represas múltiples en el cantón de Antuco en los años 70 no cumplió con sus promesas. El cantón Antuco queda hoy como uno de los más pobres de Chile. La indignación pública sobre este proyecto ha sido masiva. Varias organizaciones ambientalistas como el GABB (Grupo de Acción para la Defensa del Bio Bio), grupos de derechos indígenas, estudiantes activistas, e individuos preocupados se han juntado para detener la construcción de Raleo. En una declaración pública, el GABB llamó al cese absoluto de cualquier otro proyecto en el Bio Bio, la implementación de la Ley Indígena y Ley Ambiental, respeto para las comunidades Pehuenche, sus tierras y cultura, y la creación de una política de energía efectiva que priorizaría la rep~oducción social y ecológica del país. V 39 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, No. 1&2 (Noviembre 1995) (Spanish) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Estacion Hidroelectrica Amenaza Ambiente y Comunidades Pehuenche en el Alto Bio Bio Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November, 1995 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Chile: Estacion Hidroelectrica Amenaza Ambiente y Comunidades Pehuenche en el Alto Bio Bio Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Volume 9 No. 1 & 2 (30, 39).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 and 2 Language Spanish Publication Title Noticias de Abya Yala Volume 9 Abstract Note Construction of the Ralco power plant on the Upper Biobío river in Chile threatens to topple the river's fragile ecology and cut off vital access to water for nearby Pehuenche communities. A campaign to stop the project is underway, but faces powerful opponents such as national energy corporations and international funding agencies. Pages 30 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/58f9d27c9c250bd6d5e450c6f06709de 240f07503be004a89052dacc901363e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 9 No. 1 & 2 (28-29).pdf PDF Text Text MEDIO AMBIEMTE lsl il illic , • • co adere "En estos territorios (considerados para la explotación), viven cerca de 100 familias. Pertenecen a las comunidades de lncopulli de Ya/dad, Tugüeo de Coldita, Piedra Blanca de Coldita y Coinco. Históricamente, estas comunidades han sido amenazadas por compañías interesadas en nuestra tierra. Por eso, hoy día expresamos públicamente nuestra demanda que las autoridades respeten nuestros derechos, así como los derecho~ de todos nuestros hermanos y hermanas en Chiloé." - Consejo General de Caciques de Chiloé os proyectos para la explotación de madera amenazan alterar el equilibrio ecológico de la Isla de Chiloé (ubicada en el Océano Pacífico, al oeste de las costas de Chile), y ponen en peligro el modo de vida y sobrevivencia del pueblo Huilliche. La compañía Golden Spring, una multinacional basada en Hong Kong, y las compañías Hawerden y Los Parques, S.A., planifican explotar una superficie total de 179,459 hectáreas, en pleno bosque de Chiloé. Desde 1993, los Huilliches han intentado no permitir que la Golden Spring se apodere de 50,000 hectáreas de los bosques de Chiloé para completar su concesión de madera, y evitar que cause daño a las tierras que ya ocupa. El objetivo inicial de Golden Spring es exportar troncos redondos al mercado asiático, especialmente Japón, Hong Kong, Korea y Taiwán. La segunda etapa, en el largo plazo, es de construir una planta de contrachapado en Chiloé. Según la compañía, sus planes de explotación del bosque de Chiloé son ecológicamente seguros y incluyen la reforestación. Sin embargo, hasta el momento el manejo ambiental de Golden Spring ha sido un desastre. Tumbó árboles para abrir una carretera adentro de Tepuhueico casi dos meses antes de recibir el permiso de la agencia gubernamental CONAF, responsable del otorgamiento de tales permisos. Los 28 daños a la tierra fueron tan graves y la indignación publica tal que CONAF (Consejo Nacional Agrario Forestal) multó la compañía por 20.7 millones de dólares. Empero, el pueblo Huilliche no quedó satisfecho con esta multa debido a una serie de factores. Primero, grandes empresas como la Golden Spring tradicionalmente han podido renunciarse a pagar multas impuestas por la CONAF Segundo, CONAF inicialmente había negado el acceso a Golden Spring de acuerdo con documentaciones previas que demostraban la ineptitud de la tierra para la explotación, pero pocos días después cambió de opinión. Por este cambio súbito de política, los Huilliches temen que el gobierno asegurará los intereses de la empresa antes de los suyos. Las intensiones de la empresas se hicieron tema de intenso debate por parte de las agencias ambientalistas y gubernamentales hasta que, finalmente, en abril de 1994, el juez Francisco del Campo ordenó el cese de dos proyectos de Golden Spring, siendo el uno la ampliación de otra carretera en Yerba Loza y el otro la construcción de un piedraplén para el uso de un puerto en el río Compu en Chaildad. Sin embargo, el orden no tiene sentido ya que ya se había terminado la ampliación de la carretera y el piedraplén ya estaba bajo orden de cese anterior, en espera de un permiso de las autoridades marítimas. En abril de 1994, CONAMA (Comisión Nacional del Ambiente) y Golden Spring llegaron a un acuerdo en el cual quedaron en que Golden Spring comisionaría un estudio del impacto ambiental de su explotación antes de seguir adelante. Sin embargo, como señalan organizaciones y líderes ambientales del pueblo Huilliche, el estudio debería haber sido realizado antes de permitir que la empresa comprara tierras en Chiloé con el propósito de explotarlas. Además, se le permite a Golden Spring seguir explotando el terreno (135,000 hectáreas) que ya se había aprobado antes del acuerdo con CONAMA. Por último, porque Golden Spring financia el estudio, CONAMA queda incapaz de asegurar que un actor neutral (como una universidad) haga el estudio. Golden Spring sigue hasta hoy con sus operaciones en Tepuhueico y busca comprar más terreno en Chiloé. Planea obtener unos 50,000 hectáreas para alcanzar una proyectada cuota de producción. La comunidad Huilliche anda muy preocupada ya que, después de la indignación pública, intervención estatal y el paro de algunas de sus actividades, todo indica que Golden Spring tiene la plena confianza de que podrá realizar sus planes originales de explotación del bosque debido a la cantidad de dinero (hasta el momento 8 de los 25 millones reservados para el proyecto) que sigue invirtiendo en maquinaria pesada, transporte y personal. Y si no fuera suficiente la amenaza de Golden Spring, los Huilliches ahora deben enfrentar otro proyecto con efectos devastadores para sus comunidades y la ecología de la isla. El 28 de Mayo, 1994, el Consejo General de Caciques de Chiloé hizo público su conocimiento de un documento llamado: "Estudio para Identificar la Viabilidad de Explotación en el Area de Puerto Carmen-Isla Grande de Chiloé," comisionado por Los Parques, S.A., y La Banque Colbert de Francia. En el estudio, los investigadores contemplan la explotación de 129,459 hectáreas de terreno el la punta sur de Abya Yala News �M la isla, en la alcaldía de Quellón, con una tasa de deforestación anual de 150,000 m2 para la producción de relleno (61.6%), madera dentada (32.3%) y paletas (6.2%). El proyecto acabaría con un %37 del bosque de Chiloé, con una tasa anual de deforestación más de 3 veces la tasa actual. Las superficies bajo consideración en el sur de Chile son: Fundo Yaldad, 17,859 hectáreas; Fundo Coldita, 7,380 hectáreas; Fundo Inio y Vol. 9 No. 1 Quilanlar, 82,650 hectáreas; y Fundo Asasao, 21,570 hectáreas. El estudio ha identificado además 45,409 hectáreas de terreno que la compañía quiere explotar absolutamente. Estos son: Yaldad, 9,409 hectáreas; Coldita/Asasao, 13,000 hectáreas; y Caleta Zorra, 23,000 hectáreas. De acuerdo a estos hechos, el proyecto (ahorra oficialmente llamado "Plan Astillas Puerto Carmen"), que ya E D 1 o AMBIENTE está siendo considerado por las autoridades regionales y provinciales, se convertiría en la primera explotación industrial del bosque de Chiloé. Ello implicaría la total transformación de los organismos en el ecosistema de la isla, y en muchos casos una amenaza a su sobrevivencia. El Consejo General de Caciques de Chiloé, a su vez, considera que la implementación de este proyecto es una violación de los derechos ancestrales de su pueblo. t1 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, No. 1&2 (Noviembre 1995) (Spanish) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Isla de Chiloe: Huilliches Luchan con Maderero Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November, 1995 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Chile: Isla de Chiloe: Huilliches Luchan con Maderero Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Volume 9 No. 1 & 2 (28-29).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 1 and 2 Language Spanish Publication Title Noticias de Abya Yala Volume 9 Abstract Note Lumber companies threaten the ecological balance of Chiloé and the lives of the Huilliche communities. Golden Spring, a multinational company, and others expect to exploit around 180,000 hectares of Chiloé's forests. Pages 28-29 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/a07b29d857f2b67803c32cdeccc7e8e7.pdf 46636b8b2193ebe4d4d5db3f1918b94a PDF Text Text CHILE Hoisting the Mapuche Flag TheMapuche Coordinating Body of Argentina Tom Kine Nguetuam (£o Be One Again) rasing the Mapuche National Flag in the cityofNuequin. 1'/oeflag was created last year during the historical reunion of the Mapuche Nation from the Argentine and Chilean sides ofthe lxmkr. Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land "Their efforts to establish a separate Mapuche nation, including their own flag, is an act that is in direct contradiction to Chilean national unity." -Enrique Krauss, Chilean Minister of the Interior 22 TheChlleangovemment has convicted one hundred and forty-four Mapuche people for the "illegal usurpation of land" and sentenced them to pay a fine equal to about one year's wages. The alleged ursurpation ofland took place In June 1991 when the Mapuche organiZation Aukln Wallmapu Ngullam (Councll of All Land) began to occupy landS In an attempt to "exerciSe our nghts as Mapuches to thJs land which ts In the hands of private companies and the State of Chlle." As a result of these actions the Intertor MinlsterEnrtqueKraussandthereglonal Governor Fernando Chuecas detained hundreds of Mapuche people and filed charges against them. ThegovemmentofficlalsclaJmed that the "Association was Involved tn the illegal take-over of the land." Krauss InSisted that "the Counsel of All Land's actions do not Ot tnto the legal framework ofChllean society. Moreover. their efforts to establish a separate Mapuche nation. Including their own Oag.ts an act that Is In direct contradiction to Chllean national unl(y." The Counsel of All Land responded to the accusations on January 25, 1993 and made the following statement through their lawyer: 'The Mapuche people have a distinCt hJstortcal background tn terms of social, political, and religious structure that dJII'ers from the rest of Chllean soc.le(y. Not only has Chlle refused to recogn17,.e these unique attributes of our culture but has systematically tried to destroy us." On March 10. 1993. the Attorney General Informed the one hundred and forty four accused Mapuches that they are each required to pay 11 months ofthetrwages. the equivalent of $60 a month , for their illegal occupation of the land. The other detainees were convicted of "illegal activities and alllances" and condemned to eighteen months of pollee surveillance and are not allowed to organJ7,.e politically. Those accused of illegal land acquisition are appealing their sentences clatmlng that they have not committed any crtme. They are currently trytng to educate the publtc about the Injustices Imposed upon them by thegovemment.lnMaytheAppellate Court of Temuco will decide whether uphold or overtum the convictions. Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile: Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 22 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Chilean government has convicted Mapuche people for the "illegal usurpation of land." The Chilean government have imposed harsh fines, which the Mapuche are attempting to appeal. Attachment Title Mapuches Convicted for Occupying Land.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Autonomy Chile Mapuche https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3683cfdebf4e7d4416c35e92124c6430.pdf 550dd152575a0b951400368e3568240e PDF Text Text CHILE URGENT ACTION: CHILEAN GOVERNMENT MUST OVERTURN THE CONVICTIONS We at SAIIC are organizing a campaign to put pressure on the Chilean government. Please write letters to the offldals listed below demanding and end to the persecution of the Mapuche people. Patricio Aylwin Axocar Presidente de Ia Republica de Chile Palacio de La Moneda Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 697 3262 Fernando Chuecas lntendente de Temuco Manuel Bulnes 590 p. 2 Temuco, Chile Fax: (56} (45} 21 30 64 Please oend copies of your letter• to SAIIC and: Aukin Wallmopu Ngulom Caoilla 448 Temuco, Chile Fax : (56) (45} 21 30 64 Enrique Krauss Miniotra de Interior Caoo de Ia Moneclo Santiago, Chile Fax: (56) (2} 696 87 40 Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Aukln Wallmapu Ngulam CThe Council of All Land) has announced that the Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation will b e held from March 29 to APrtl 1. 1993 In Temuco. Mapuch eTerrltory. "In the context of Ideological decolonJzation, we call for th.IS Second Tribunal In order to ldenUfyv!olations againSt our hiStorical rights to land and human dignity." The tribunal will analy'.te dlfl'erent cases of violations committed agatnst the Mapuche nation such as the Invasion of territories, ecological destruction and denial of Mapuche religion, and will end wtth a traditional NguUlatum ceremony. Vol 7 Num 1 & 2 The Mapuches are demall(}jng tluu their culture be recognized and respected. . 'We lnvltetradlttonallcadersandcommunJtles of the Mapuch e Nation. Indigenous peoples of the Americas and those Involved In national and International political m ovements to join us." For m ore Information contact Au kin Wallmapu Ngulam. ' 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring/Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile: Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1,2 Pages 23 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring/Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The Council of All Land announces the Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation to analyze the violations committed against the Mapuche nation. Attachment Title Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chile Mapuche Second Tribunal of the Mapuche Nation https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/4a1f2675828399aea6727567a8814a55.pdf e053aef5f9e28ade7eb1b0099560342d PDF Text Text H BRIEF Ecuador: Occidental Signs Unconscionable and Fraudulent Agreements in the Amazon S-based transnational OCCIDENTAL is currently negoti· ating with Indigenous communities in Ecuadorian Amazonia, offering linle more than twentieth century trinkets--<:hainsaws, medicine chests, and rain-coats-in exchange for undefined access to Indigenous territOry for "petroleum activities.• OCCIDENTAL is one of the worlds largest oil companies, currently operating in over eleven different countries outside the US, and extracting over 200,000 barrels of crude per day. Indigenous communities have been pressured ro sign completely inadequate agreements, in the presence of the military- agreements which oblige the communities to allow the companies to carry our undefined petroleum exploration and extraction activities for undefined periods of time. Occidental has used various fonns of coercion 10 secure agreements \vith the leaders of the Indigenous communities. Leaders of the Secoya report that prior to negotiations, the legal representative of Occidental threatened to bring the military to the community. Occidental's legal representative also told Secoya communi!)' leaders that "they did not want to see anyone else at the discussions.• Such statements amount to coercion and directly violate the Secoya people's right tO independent consultation. In one instance, Occidental brought a draft agreement to the negotiations and was very reluctant to include any of the proposals made b)• the community. In the end, only a vague reference to the possibility of temporary employment was included . In previous discussions, Occidental had wid the community that the company onl)• ' vamed pem1ission to do seismic testing. However, the agreement signed permits Occidental to carry our any form of "petroleum activity." A Secoya leader later realized that the granting of pem1ission for "petroleum activities" was a mistake, and asked Occidental to change the agreement. Occidental also reportedly told Secoya leaders that the company could not pay in advance because they didn\ have the money. To explain this situation, the company used the analogy that "a farmer cannot pay the rent for the land until he's harvested all the com.• The company also told the Secoya leaders that if they did not gram permission, the Ecuadorian government could expropriate the land and the community could lose its territory. Occidental operates in an area of over 200,000 hectares called Block 15. This block includes a pan of the Limoncocha Biological Reserve, a protected area, and pan of the Secoya, Siona, and Quichua Indigenous territory. Occidental signed an agreement with the Ecuadorian government that grams the company extraction rights for 20 years. Using Occidentals own estimates of the existing reserves, the entire production of Block 15 will supply the equivalent of US oil consumption for just 12.7 days. U lnfomwlion from: Carlos Sergio Flguein:do Tawz 4 Write lerrers 10 the directors of occidental corporation denouncing the immoral and illegal way in which they are carryi11g out negoliatio11s. demand that they suspend negotiations and conduct all future negoti· ations ethiwlly <md legally: Ray R. Irani, Preside11t and Chief Executive Officer, Occiderual Petroleum, 10889 Wilshi~ Boulevard, Los Angtles, CA, 9002'1-'1201; Mastorm Cum1ingham, Occidental Exploration and Production Co.. A>< Amazonas 3837 y Corea, Casilla J 7-15-0095-C, Quito, Ecuador Chile: South and North American Indigenous Peoples to Protest Chilean Dam Project A n historic meeting of Indigenous peoples from North and South America has been scheduled to coincide with the annual meeting of the worlds largest association of dam construction and hydroelectric technology companies. At issue is the planned construction by ENDESA, Chiles largest private company, of Ralco Dam, the second in a series of six dams planned for the Biobfo River, ancestral Andean homeland of the Pehuenche Indians The Indigenous delegation will begin its activities in Chile on October 9 in Santiago, culminating in a demonstration at the annual meeting of the International Consonium on Large Dams (!COLD) in Santiago on October 16. Despite the fact that 100 Pehuenche Indian families, Chile's most traditional Indigenous group would have their villages flooded by the project, no relocation plan was included in ENDESAS em~ronmental impact statement, which was submiued in April to Chilean environmental authorities. The Pehuenche say they are determined to exercise their rights guaranteed under Chilean law ro remain on their ancestral lands, and have called for support from North American Indigenous people, many of whom have personall)• experienced the impacts of large dams. Nine native peoples from the Nonh will be making the trip to meet the Pehuenche, and ro participate in political discussions, spiritual ceremonies. and public demonstrations. The delegation includes prominent leaders from diverse Indigenous communities and nationally-based Native American organizations. Ralco would be a 155 meter-high dam with a 3,400 hectare reservoir. The dam would generate 570 Mega,vatts of electricity at a cost of $500 million . The dam would also Oood over 70 km of the river valley, inundating the richly diverse forest and its \vildlife, and leaving downstream portions of the river dry for months at a rime, devastating fish stocks. The first dam on the Biobfo, called Pangue, was constructed after the International Finance Corporation (IFC) of the World Bank assured investors that it would be the only dam built on the river. In response to a complaint by the Pehuenche and Chilean environmentalists, the World Bank has now initiated a formal inquiry into irregularities in the Pangue loan. Environmenral groups and Chilean Energy Commi.ssion officials have questioned the need for construction of Ralco, Abya Yala News �IN BRIEF citing plans for construction of two trans-Andean gas Armando Antonio Ptrez, two members of AN IS. The Perez pipelines importing natural gas from Argentina. and the brothers appealed to the Supreme Coun of justice. but to no planned construction of new gas· fired powerplants. The US. avail; the coun ruled to have them expelled from the com· based Natuml Resources Defense Council rettntly conclud· munity. ed a Study demonStrating that improvement of energy deliv· Presently. a warrant is out for the arreSt of Don Adrian cry SyStems m Chile would make Ralco unnecessary. Esquino. president ANIS. on the grounds that he has Stolen The lnternauonal Commission on J..arge Dams is an Org;t· land and murdered. On May 3. an explosion tore through the nization of engineers from 79 countries which promotes con· house of the Esquino family. but caused only structural dam· struction of dams throughout the world. Founded in 1928. age. Faced with this situation. Esqulno is urging human it is headquartered in Paris, France. rights organizations to pressure the Salvadoran state to protect the rights of Indigenous communities under fire. Information from: lntemarfonal Rivus Networl1 (IRN), 1817 Berllelcy Wily. Bcrlwley, Califomia 94703 USA; Tel: (+510) 818· Colombia: Another Zenu Leader Killed 1155: Fax: (+510) 8'18-1008; email: im@igc.al'(.O~ Lummi Indian Nation, 2616 Kwlna Road, Bellingham, \\whington 98226. USA: efore the very eyes of Indigenous and national authoriTel: (+360) 38'1·2288; Fax; (+360) 738-8863 ties, one by one the members of the San i\ndrts de Sotavento Resguardo (Indian reserve). are being killed. At 1:30pm on Sunday, August 18. on the site known as El Salvador: Deputies Threaten Indigenous La Arena (Olrdoba State), two armed men on a black motor· Organization, Target Community bike assassinated the Indigenous leader of the town council he deputies Renato Ptrez. Adolfo Varela. and acU\151 m and mayoral ex-candidate of the town of San Andrts. Albeno the rightiSI ARENA political pany jorge Rufz are present· Cheito Malo Alean. ly attempttng to evict the Indigenous residents of the J..as The Zenu leader was 38 years old. mamed. and had two Hojas county of the San Antonio del Monte Sonsonate juris· children. By profession, he was a civil engineer. lie was the diction. Ptrez. Varela, and Rufz accuse the leaders of the brother of Htctor Malo Vergara. Cacique (chicO of the San National Sah'3domn Indigenous Organization (ANIS) of Andrts de Sotavento Resguardo. who was assassinated on being land thieves and murderers. March 26, 1994, along with three other Indigenous persons. Through the Ministry of Agriculture and Ranching. the This year 12 Zenu leaders have been killed. plaintiffs presented their accusations against the members of The Zenu of the San Andrts de Sotavento protested the AN IS before the tribunals of Sonsonate. They arc accused of lack of any meeting \vith representatives of the state in search violating the agricultuml norms of the country. At this point of solutions to this crisis of civil order. Their attempts have 10 members of AN IS were summoned to appear before the so far yielded nothing. Sonsonate courts to present their testimony regarding this The Cacique Rosenburg Clemente confirmed that the situation. according to the president of AN IS, Fermin Garcia Indigenous people are scared because they don' know who woll be next or when. Guardado. Several lndogcnous nations inhabit J..as Hojas count)'. He added that the massacres ha,·e contmued unabated. mcludmg Nahuats, l.A:nkas. and Mayas. This regoon was aoded by the indifference of the authonues. This comes after acquored by ANIS on 1978 as a safe region in whoch to work those same authorities had promised on a recent meeting in with the communities. They organized cooperatl\'es and are Manillo to establish a vigilante SyStem and to assure peace working communally. In this same spot. 74 Indigenous peo· and autonomy in the Resguardo. pie were massacred in 1983 by the $ah'3doran army. It The International Brotherhood of Human Rights has proremains today a s.1cred place for them and they ask that it be posed the creation of a human rights commission in the area. respected . The Church in turn has suggested that a Reconciliation Since january a number of violent actions have been Commission be set up in conjunction with international directed at the Indigenous people of the region. such as on observers. Nothing has come of any of this. however. january 27 when unknown masked individuals entered the The Cacique requested that impunity be stopped and that community at midnight and nred bullets on the house of the the results or the inveStigations or the murders under way be spiritual leader and Indigenous leaders connected to ANI$. made public. At the same time they threatened to repeat the bloodshed of He also denounced the fact that there arc heavily armed I 983. At that time Amnesty International had led a camp.1ign mercenaries in the majority of the ranches existing in the of informing human rights organizations to pressure the region of the San Andrts de Sotavento Resguardo in Olrdoba Salvadoran Slate to inforcc jUStice. and Sucre. On the 12 of March, the national police ransacked the office of ANIS and detained Rafael Anuro Ptrez and lnformatwn from El Tiempo, Bogot4 B T Vol. 10No. 2 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 2 (Summer 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chile: South and North American Indigenous Peoples to Protest Chilean Dam Project Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Carlos Sergio Figueiredo Tautz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1996 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chile: South and North American Indigenous Peoples to Protest Chilean Dam Project Item Type Journal Article Contributor Carlos Sergio Figueiredo Tautz Volume Volume 10 Issue Number 2 Pages 4-5 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1996 Language English Abstract Note This article depicts the efforts of the indigenous peoples as they protest the building of the Chilean Dam Project. Attachment Title Chile.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chile ENDESA Protest https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/ab1e689cf6d00633c7b37d1dfdcf2581.pdf b22039567587da49eb35b99a5c80ac2e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, No. 1 (23).pdf PDF Text Text had robbed the house of Rudicindo Masaquiza, shooting at him and stabbing him in the process.The local media presented many versions of what happened, all with various falsehoods mixed in, slandering the entire Salasaca community and heightening racist feelings. On June 8th an unmarked police car came and took Rudicindo Masaquiza away. His condition is unknown and many fear that he has been tortured. Soon after, officials presented a list with names of those suspected in the killing of the two men, including several Salasacas. The Salasacas quickly gathered in the central plaza and for many days refused to let the police enter to take away the accused. Community leaders are working with the national Indian organization, CONAIE, to coordinate a legal defense. Formal charges and trial have not been set, and the situation remains dangerous for the Salasacas. For more information write to: Marina Mas aquiza or Tony Moss, 702 K Eagle Heights, Madison, WI 53705. From the Mapuche residents of Osomo Province we have received notification of forced sales and seizures of their farm lands due to unpaid taxes. The properties seized by the State number nearly 600 farms and estates which have been occupied by about 1,500 Mapuche families, Q.OOO people for many generations. These families, mainly in the coastal region of the Osomo province, have been exempt from payment of land taxes until recently. It is public knowledge that the Mapuche communities live on land inherited by their forefathers. However, most of this land is presently registered in the names of non-Mapuche private individuals. ''At this time of conflict, we call on all our Mapuche and peasant brothers to unite. Only by organizing can we defend ourselves. At the same time we ask for the support of Human Rights organizations, the Church, political parties, trade unions, and so on, to help us through this serious problem," say the Mapuche communities. A Mapuche traditional spiritual leader, known as a Machi prays and sings with a sacred cultrum hand-drum. Page 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4 No. 1 (Summer 1988) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chilean Government Demands Tax Payment for Mapuche Ancestral Lands (Chile) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1988 Zotero Title Chilean Government Demands Tax Payment for Mapuche Ancestral Lands (Chile) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, No. 1 (23).pdf Issue 1 Language English Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 4 Pages 23 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/797e50c03c24824435472f743c10c657.pdf defa2a4d738d47c60353010dcbd31ef6 PDF Text Text BRIEF. CHILEAN GOVERNMENT OBSTRUCTS MAPUCHE PARTICIPATION IN DECEMBER ELECTIONS apo.ocbe leader Auean Huileaman's bid to run for Con oppressiveactiontakenbythe0lileangovernroen~l44Mapuehes gress on behalf of Aukin Wallmapu Ngullam ( All find ourselves condemned for reclaiming our legal rights. This is Lands Council), was denied by the Qualifying Electom! one of many ways that the fundamental rights of the Mapo.ocbe arc Tribunal. His alleged ineligibility is due to a . - - - - - - - - . . violated, especially where their participation in pending ease in which be is accused of unlawful malcing deCisions that concern the country's fu. association and "illegal"land take-over. ture is concerned," Slated Huileaman after learn· The ease in question was initiated in 1991, ing of the Tribunal's nullifiCation of his earn· after 144 Mapo.oches occupied lands that areeur· paign. rentlyclainnedby privateowneJSaod the Chilean If the Mapo.oches are found guilty, the dcfcn· state. The group, under the auspices of Aukin dants plan to appeal to the Supreme Court, the Wallmapo.o Ngullam, bad legal documents that highest coun in Chile's judicial system. If not proved their rights to the lands. acquincd, they will take the case to the Inter· The Mapo.oches have initiated a strong move· American Justice Court in San Jo.se, Costa Rica. menttbrougbout the country to protest the decision, which they It is vitaltbattbe ease be resolved before the presidential elections consider a clear indication of tbe government's attempts to impede in December because the new administration could prove to be even their participation in the next elections. "Because of the clearly less favomble to the Mapuche's struggle. M AYMARA ELECTED AS VICE-PRESIDENT OF BOLIVIA nJune7,1993, Victor HugoCardeoas,Aymarallnguislof lbe Tupac c.tari Revolutionary Movcmen~ was elected 10 lbe vice-presidency of Bolivia. Hundreds of people from di1fem~tlodigeGOUSeommunitiesgathered in La Paz to support biro on lbe day of his inauguration. Cardenas's speecb, prot10UIICed in Spanisb, Aymara, Guarani, and Quccbua ISSCrted thallbe current govemmcnt woold be guided by lbe four fuodamclltal principles of O VENEZl ' ELAN I ~rH,..,.Ns~i\.T t <>~ALs Vol. 7 No. 3&4 His election bas geoetatcd great expectations for Indigenous peoples of tbe Americas who hope Cardenas will further lbe cause of Bolivia's Indigenous populalion. Ci<>VEHN!\IE~T oF urioglbelastdaysofAugust,lbemassacreof16Yanomami at lbe hands of &azilian mine<S, Wa$ eoufirmcd to have taken place on Ven~lan tenritory. Tbe internatiollal community IICCUScd tbe Veoezuclan government of violating lbe Rio declaration under wbich policies of eoonomic development lliUSI bescnsibleaod respec::tfu1 of lbe ecosySicms and oo!Oll)unities they affect. However, in recent ycus, violenoe against lbeeovi!l)nment and Indigenous peoples has intensified. A montbafterthemassaae, Fernando Ochoa Aoticb, Veue211ela's MinisterofForcignAffairs,affirmcdduringasessionofthcGenenl Assembly of lbe United Nations, that the protection ofIndigenous peoples was out oflbegovernment'soootrol. He went on to dir<clly D lbeQriginaiAIIdeanpeoples:"Amasua,amallulla,amaklldla,and ama llunk'u" (do not steaL do oot be lazy, do not lie, and do not give &be praise). YAN<>:\tA!\11 BLAMES MAssAcHE iiOCOISO lbe gold and diamond multinational cotporatioos thai work in lbe area of promoting deforestation and the acu of violeooe againSl ~OOCIS CO!Oll)unitiCS. Aooording to Ochoa Aoticl!, lbeseoorporationsbuijdlaodingSltips and supply the minels with machinery and weapous. Tbe Minister Slated tbat only an open dialogue among lbe countries of tbe Amazon region eao po.ot an end to this aitical situation. He appealed 10 the mining tnnsnatiortals 10 undersUnd thai development did not mean destruction and pointed out that a$ long as poverty and igno181l<lC persisted among large segments of lbe population in Latin America, violence and environmental desuuaioo woold continue. . 9 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chilean Government Obstructs Mapuche Participation in December Elections Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chilean Government Obstructs Mapuche Participation in December Elections Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 9 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note In 1991, 144 Mapuches were taken to court for occupying land that the Chilean government claims they have no right to own. While this case is in progess, Mapuche leader Aucan Huilcaman is denied eligibility to run for congress. Attachment Title Chilean_Government_Obstructs_Mapuche_Participation_In_December_Elections.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Aucan Huilcaman Aukin Wallmapu Ngullam land rights Mapuche https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/479eb3cab2cfcf79161d58c5c3ee404c.pdf 0561d5153e9558f337ebd13d034f2914 PDF Text Text P ERSPECTIVES ON C HIAPAS Chronology of Events Since the January I Uprising WruiCI()! l 1991. The Z:lpatista Nntlonal Liberation Anny (EZLN) forced Its way Into Mexico's political and military arena. and focused not just Mexrco's. but much of the world's auemton on the southern state of Chtnp.1S. In the tori) hours of the morning o( Oeccmbu 31.the EZL>'I dt'idtd tts anny tnto fi,< columns and rn Hoordltuttd 3Ction took control of aU major towns m Chup.b wnh the exception of the stat< capualTUXIb Gutierrez. The EZI.N stormod ojatl tnAltamiranoand ltbtr>ted 160 pnsontrs. most of whont wrr< Indians accused of llle~llond takeovers. cutting trees Mthout prmtits and other such crimes by 1=1 authoritits-·known res•onally as caciques. Front a captured radio station tn Ocosingo.the EZLN denounetd thecon0i<1 WliS caused by governmental repressron. corrupdon and Indigenous peoples' miserable li\ing eondutons From the bakony of the municip.1l bwlding in San Cristob-11 deb, Casas the Zapaus"ts rt':ld therr now famous deeb.ration of w1r encompassmg the fringe of the highlands a11d much oft he l.acandon foreSI fanuarj' 13. The government and EZLN agmd to a cease-fire. Followmg the cease fire. the ~ovemment's death toll counted 35 soldters .md 75 Zapattstas. lnde~dent sources put the nutn!xrat wello,-er200. Q\-er20,000peoplc mostlyToJOiabal llnd T:ttltollndians ha'-e also Red thetr Vlllages and are living m make.~htft refugee camps in lion Cristobal and other towns Wnuarv JJ .. J4. Indian and campesino orgamzntions in Chiapas corried out an unprecedented mob!llznuon in San Cristobal. Fh·c hundred and twenty delegmes from 280 lndogenous and campesmo organl%11tlons m thesta\< ofChiapas met to propose rosolutionsto the oonOict The dde~tes called for :mend to hum3n nghts abuses. a tOIJl cease fire. r«:ogJlition of the EZI.N as •lxlhgerent pany :mel ntgottattons to resoh-e the conOtct. They then \'Oied 10 form • State lanugo- 2 The EZL'I rttrtattd from lion Cri$tobal··the second Council ol lndrgenous and CamptS'tno Organu:anons of Chiapas largr:11 city rn Ot.rapas. Thc)•a!soO\'ttT.uu m3JOr mlluary bast in the (CEOIO. rutte and c:a!Tttd off tons ol cxplos11•ts and ammunition. The ad oil nt5t r:IUOn Of Carlos Salinas de Gorul ri denounced the Zap.1US13S fanumy 16·22. The State Coun<tl met for the first time to try and funherde\·elop their proposals for Ouap.1S. CONIC dele~tes from as forergners and outlaws. Non h. South ~nd C<ntrnl America panlcipated as mvited observers Wpunrv 3. The Mexican amly eoumcmnncked by land and air. in this meeting. Eight thousmtd soldiers were deployed In the Brst few days while the alr force bombed presumed Z.apatista pos11tons. lanuar)! 21 Mexkangovemm<nt negotiator Manutl Cam3choSolb .evemllndigtnous ,;!!ages. and even a group of Tzeltal g•rls acknowkdgtd tlw •we must ask forgh-eness from indigenousgroups and eommunuies lor all the sufftnng they hove undergone.···• and a press vehrcle. $13t<m<nt mdrca.ting m-.,;ol ol the \ltXlCall go.-emmtnt's tarlt<r /qOI!al)' j. The EZL'< abandontd the htghbnd towns. retrtaung to denunttauon of the Zapatist.as IS outbws. b.1ses m the l.acandon forest. SAne recetvod a call from lndrgenous actl\1stS 1nS.nCnst<>OOiv.11h the news thatthealr force w:ISbombmg lanuaO' 25. Prcsrdem liolrnas met wuh 42 rtpresentoU\"eSOfCEOIC Indian oommunuies, as well as ktdnappmg and ~illing civilians m the atpltal cuyoi1'U.\1la Guuerrez ~le was met with fiery speeches accused of supponlng the Zapntlstas. The SAIIC office launched a demundlng a definitive end to the repre;siQn. and ajust solution to campargn to denounce thes<: hum•n rights violatio> and apply th~ eonOI<t. ts pressure o11the Mexican regime. Human rights organizations all over the world began effons to ha.lt the repr~lon. fcbnuuy 6-8. Indian and campe.slno orgmizntions seized four The Coordinanng CommiSSion of lndrgenous N•tionsand Orga· town halls and held protests In at least a dozen other commu· nwnons of the Contioou (CONIC) through the coordinating office nltles to demand the remo,..Jol corrupt local (PRJ) authoriues. tn l'atUtn2 btl>:ldcas~ th<st t.\'tnts throughout the continent and deetdtd to send delegates to Chiapas m sohdanty \\ith the lnd.12n f'tbDIQQ' 21. With Bishop Samuel Ruructmgasmediatorthc. populouon. EZLN ond Mextcan go,·enunem, represented by ex-mayor of MeXIco Ctty Manuel Camacho Solls.lxgan negotiations in the tanual)' 6. The military sealed off the town of San Cristobal de las Ouhcdml of San Cristobill . Cas.1s nnd all the Other zones of conOict. preventing movement of jot>mallsts, humnn rightS monitors a11d IQC<ll civilians alike. M;ta:b l . The government and cZI.N announced an end to the first round of talks. The govcntmem announced its peace lgou«r)! 8. Reacting tointertutional outcry •ga•nst the anny repres- proposal which the EZLN promised tO present to their base sron tn Chupas. Ptesident Salinas proposed a cease fire. peace commumties for a final de<:islon ncgotlanons :mel a (eondttiOIUI) gtner:al omnesty1or those im'Oh'ed rn theconOICt. The EZL'I rtmarned tn<ontrolofaswathoft<mtory <Continued on page 42l Voi.8No.l82 15 �CHIAPAS CHRONOLOGY oF EvENTs <Continued from page 15) March 7. Over 70 Indigenous organizations single bullet wounds to 1he head was pub- Agua Campesino Org~mization was assas· sinated man ambush by a groupofheavil)' found in the Ocosingo market and. ac· armed men as he left his village of El cording to reports. were members of the Carmalito near Simojovel. His son was last group ofZapatistas to retreat from the also critically wounded in the auack. area. A delegation of fore nsic specialists Mariano Perez w$ a rcpresentati\'C of tht reponed 1hat this scene bore alii he signs of State Council of lndigenO\lS and an extra·judicial execution. Campesino Organizations of Chiapas. Many other represent3tives h3\'e received lanuao• 6, The Mexican anny detained 14 death thceats. including Margarito ~uiz of rnen from the lndigenouscommunhyofEI the Independent Indian People's Front. Chanal when the mayor accused them of being Zapatistas. They were beaten. tied In testill\OI'l}' before the US congress. Amby the hands and feet and t2ken first by nesty International documemcd •reports military vehicle and later by helicopter to of ttt least 9 extrajudicial exect.uions: 15 the military base of Teran in Tuxla arbitrary killings. indudingLhe killing of a Gutierrez. They were reported being tor· I 0 year old child: 3 coses o! ' dis.1ppeart\lfed by electric shock and beatings over ance• and serious concern about the pos~ the course of a week before being released. sible ""disappearance• of m least 6 others' and at least I 00 cases of torture and ill· lanuar;y 7. three Tzehal eldct'$ fron'l the treatment, including at least 2 cases of community of Morelia were tortured by possible raJ>e of women in detention. • All the am1y in the local church. while other 1hese violations were allegedly corried out men of the village were detained outside. by 1he Mexican army or police forces. In Thirty-one otherconnnunity members de- addition, 1hey conr.rmed the occurence of tained b)' the am'ly were rcponedly to r~ hundreds of arbitrary arrests. tured while in gov· cmment custody. met at a.n electoral convention in Mexico lished ~round the world . The bodies were City. :md passed n resolution criticizing the government's Chiapos peace proposal for failing to adequately address Indigenous rights under the constitution. March 21. PRl presidemial <:nndidate, Luis Donaldo Colosio. was assassinated at a campaign rally in 1'ijuani.1. The army repon· edly intensified a troop build-up in an attempt to surround EZtN positions p:trticularly in the areas of Las Margoritas. Ocosingo and Altamintno. The EZLN then suspended its consultation process, stating that it was forced to devote all resources to preparing for an auack. Throughout March. Indigenous and campesino organizations across the s~atc take over lands held by giant landowners. In comrast. the EZLN fo rbids takeovers in the region u nder their control. Ma):..i. C~n>acho Solis met with the EZLN Bishop Samuel Rub; lo discuss renew.. ing the dialogue. <tl'~d May 29- J I. The EZLN announced it had concluded consultations with base communities, and was beginning to count votes . .analyze opinions received and prepare a response. Looking for the Action? June 13. ZapatiSt3S' base communities re· jected the gove.mment's peace proposal . June 16. ManuelCamachoSolis resignedas goverment negotiator while criticizing PRJ presidential candidate Ernesto Zedillo. Bishop Samuel Ruiz also announced his resignation as mediator in the conflict. Human Rights Violations Following the l~Jnising, rhc Mexican anny. in collaboration with local caciques: and planl<l· lion owrwrs lmleashed a bntwl campaign of repression tend terror agairzst Indigenous and tampcsino orgar~izat ions a"d villages suspeaed of sympalhizing """' lht EZI..N. All hough 1he de1ails of many of1hese mrocilies may never be known. descripliOt!S of s-t:vcral CtlSes • such G-" those lisred btrow, were gather~d by Indigenous a11d lu(man r'ighrs organi_zations <1nd broadcast arountlrhc world. lanuary s 42 "Pcgf lot1'19'. 1Wr<l fo«tl"'iil< t.. iMtaJfii< ol lot~ it<-~ ol aD: c1.vt1 !Oill ooii:d trt~'--'"''ital,.,d!M' - bic Ab,l$oill ~ ""' CiJio9o Sdlcd olItt SUBSCRIBE TOORY! A photo of fh•e corpses with f>JJya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chronology of Events Since the January 1 Uprising Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Chronology of Events Since the January 1 Uprising Item Type Journal Article Author SAIIC Board of Directors Volume 8 Issue 1&2 Pages 15,42 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note Timeline of events in the Zapatista uprising January 1, 1994 to June 16, 1994 and human rights related to the uprising by the Mexican army. Attachment Title abya yala p15,42.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Chiapas Human Rights Violations Zapatista Uprising https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/bf258061e055e15245aaf6de366cdba7.pdf 3dbe01b9011d5fa1d98c3c12765939cd PDF Text Text CICA: A Pan-Indigenous Organization in Central America by Atencio Lopez (Kuna) On July 21, 1995, in the city of Guatemala, the Indigenous Council of Central America (CICA) was founded, which integrates indigenous representatives from Guatemal to Panama, including Belize. The initiative to found the Council was born during a reunion in Panama held in June, 1994. There, attendants agreed on the urgent necessity for Indigenous peoples in Central America to coordinate their efforts on a regional level to defend their rights in the face of the political and economic structural changes stemming from the democratization process. The founding of CICA is particularly important as it occurs during a time when dialogue and pacification follow the civil wars that have impoverished our countries and impacted most strongly in Indigenous communities. CICA will also facilitate the Regional Program for the Support of Indigenous Peoples in Central America (PAPICA) organized with the European Community which makes available approximately 8 million dollars. CICA staff includes : Leopoldo Tzian (Maya-Guatemala), President; Mauricio Castro (Zicaque-Honduras), General Secretary; William Borregon (Embera-Panama), Treasurer. For more information, contact: CICA, in care of COMG, 2a. Calle 3.40, Zona 3, Chimaltenago, Chimalt. Guatemale. Tel/Fax: 5029392709 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, no. 1 (Spring 1995) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CICA: A Pan-Indigenous Organization in Central America Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Atencio López (Kuna) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring, 1995 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title CICA: A Pan-Indigenous Organization in Central America Item Type Journal Article Author Atencio López (Kuna) Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 19 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring, 1995 Language English Abstract Note On July 21, 1995, the Indigenous Council of Central America (CICA) was founded, which integrates indigenous representatives from Guatemala to Panama, including Belize. Attachment Title CICA_A_Pan-Indigenous_Organization_in_Central_America.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CICA Indigenous Council of Central America self-determination Territory