26 12 1190 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/f711a60e048b699411fe0dbd80e35ba9.pdf e17557ecc381d9c19f9befa04e2e338b PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR O F INDIGENOUS PEOPLE S 'The: f~ orgMJ><l· tiOna malcc: up the o~commlttcefor the Contsn<nto!Enooun· t.e!': Coord tnat111g Body of Lndtgcnout Women of BohvtA Council of AU Lnnda. Chile Counc.IJ of Mnyn.n orgnnt:r.nuona or Ouatcmalt\ (COMO) Kunns Unftod for Nobguana. l'nnAmn Mc>dcnn Org.vll:dng Com.mLNton NaUonal ~tmtlon of lndig<nouo 1'\eopk of Ecuodor (CONAIEI SouthandM<oo Am<rlcDn IndiAn Second lndige and Organizations of lnfOr'm8UOn Center ISAIIC) TonnUerm. USA For lnfonnauon on the encoun· ter. please contact SAIIC or: Comisi6n Orgonizodoro M6xicono Apot1odo Poslol Num 28·145 Colonio Centro 06080 Mexico D.F. Tel: 52·5· 783·8002 Fax: 52·5· The fifth meeung of the Continental Commtsslon of Indigenous Nations (CONlC) took place from April 2-4. 1993. In the Ceremonlal Center Ixacacal Cuardta,ln Qultana Roo, MexiCO. The purpose of the m eeung was to conunue preparauons for the Second Continental Encounter, a follow-up to the First Conunenta!EncounteroflndlgenousNatlons and Ol:gan!ZaUons which took place In Quito, EcuadorJnJuly 1990.At theApr!lmeeung.ll was decided that the Second ConU:nental Encounter will take place from OctoberS -13 1993 In the Otoml- Nanhu Ceremonlal Center In the State of Mexico. The alms of the Second Conunental Encounter are: .. To promote Indian unity on a Conunental level. upon the basiS of our own splrltuallty. WISdom. tradiUonal orgaw.auon and poiiUcai philosophy: .. To create sYStems of communication and coordination on a continental level; .. To propose VIable alternatives and soluUons. based upon self-determination, whlchaddresstheiSSuesfacJ:ngourpeople. The maJn themes for the Second En· counter are: 1. Splrltuallty and Tradition 2. Self-determJnaUOn. LeglslaUon. and Indlg· enous Rights 3. l.a:nd Rights. Development, and the Envt· ronment 4. Women, Family. and Community 5. Education. Culture and Youth 6. Organl7.ation and Coordination An tntemaUonal orgnntztng committee with representatives from siX regions was fonned to plan the Encounter. More than 300 hundred delegates and guests are expected to partiCipate. ThepartlclpaUon ofs plrltual lead· ers. women. and young people IS strongly encouraged. Ctven the hiStortcal pattern or domloauon of the South by the governments ofthe North. 1t seems very lltung that thiS effort to create Conunentallndlgenous Unity IS being Initiated by the Indigenous people of South and Meso Amenca. Yet our unity will not be complete without U1e participation of our Indigenous brothers and siSters of the North. Any North Amencan lndlgenous communi· ties and organl7.aUons that would Uke to send a representative to thiS meeting. please contact SAIIC or: TONATIERRA P.O. &OX 24009 Phoenix, AZ 85074 (602) 254-5230 A detaUed outltne for the Encounter can be obtained from SAtiC. 208·3044 8 Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 8 Publication Title Abya Yala Newws ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The purpose of the fifth meeting of the Continental Commission of Indigenous Nations (CONIC) was to prepare a list of the group's aims for the Second Continental Encounter. Attachment Title Second Continental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organizations.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples CONIC Second Continental Encounter https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/6f9ee92277c1ab675eec12dbc46bbd55.pdf 2f26120267c30bb0a052bcb19ace6268 PDF Text Text 1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS P EOPLES Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations ThiS statement was p repared and approved by representatives Q/ the Indigenous peoples Q/the world present at theplanning meetings held In New YOf'kjor two days prior 11> the UN's InauguratiOn Q{the Year of the Worlds Indigenous Peoples (See article page 4). Gucumatz. Condor. Father Sun. Eagle. Anahuac. Mother Earth INVOKING the spirits of our ancestors and acting tn our tradition of resiStance In the defense of Mother Earth. ASSERilNG our fundamental and htstortcal nghts. ASSERilNG au the mUllons of brothers and siSters who have sacrificed their Uves In defense of our mJllennlal culture: tn the name of the more than 300 mUllon IndlgenouspeoplewholnhablttheEarth, and the efforts over years of work by Indlgenous peoples and NGOs, we. the members of the Indigenous nations and organiZations, gathered In New York City, from the 8th to the lOth of Decem· ber 1992, Consider: I. That au Indigenous peoples have the rtghttoself-determ!natlonasexpounded In the prtnclples of the Universal DeclarationoftheRlghtsoflndlgenousPeoples. Accordingly, Indigenous peoples have the nght to determine aU matters relatIng to our polltlcal, economic. social, spiritual and cultural affairS. We call for the Immediate adoption of the above declaration. n . The struggle for our terrltor1al nghts lS common to aU Indigenous nations and peoples. and thiS rtght ls persistently denied by governments and dominant societies. ffi. Economic development practices ofNa· Uon States are destroying the natural resources which have been protected within Indigenous temtortes. As a con· sequence. the survival of au spectes lS threatened. 6 The Indigenous peoples' contribution to the SOCial. Intellectual and cultural dlverslly of the world. particularly to the ecology and harmony of Mother Earth must be valued and supported bYnatlonstatesandtntematlonalagen· cles. V. Thehumannghtsoflndlgenouspeoples to our culture. Identity, rellglons and languagesaretnallenable. Thesenghts continue to be sacrificed In the programs, pollcles and budgets of the nauon states and International agencles. VI. Whlle democracy IS heralded by doml· nant societies. what thiS means to Indigenous peopleslsrepresslon,genoclde. andm!serytnthe.Amertcasandtn the rest of the world. As an example, the process by whk:h the dialogue for peace ls taking place In Central and South Amerk:a. there IS no direct partlclpatlon by Indigenous organiZations and nations In spite of the fact that Indigenous peoples are directly affected bY the conditions of the wars. VII. Govemmentsconttnuetodesecrateand approprtaterellglousandsacredplaces and objects, deprMng Indigenous na· tlons around the world of their basic spiritual ways of llfe. THEREFORE: The International Year of the World'slndlgenousPeoples. 1993,must not be merely celebrations or paternal· lstlc declarations, but rather, the resolutlon of the above requires that the United Nations and Its member states take the foDowing actions: 1. RecognJ7.e Indigenous nghts to Indlg· enous terrltortes, InCluding the recovN. Abya Yala News �1993 YEAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Qucchua girl wearing a ceremol\ial condor mask and cape 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ezy and demarcation of such territories. Recognize. honor, and document under International law all treaties. compacts. accords and other formal agreements concluded with lndlgenous peoples of the world. Additionally the Study on Indigenous Treaties delegated to the Human Rights Commission must be giVen prtortty attention by the United Nations and Its member s tates. Recognize and honor lndlgenous forms of government when such governments are practiced according to traditional laws and customs. Promote and strengthen Indlgenous InteUectual and cultural property rtghts under International law and principles. Additionally. the study on Intellectual andculturalpropertyrtg)1tsundertaken by the United Nations commission on Human Rights should be given top prtortty. Consult with lndlgenous organJzaUons and nations regarding the ratlficatlon of Covenant 169 ofthe International Labor OrganiZation. Provide legal assiStance and technical t:ralnlngto the Indlgenous organJzatlons and nations. Vol7 Hum 1 & 2 Promote and strengthen lndlgenous educaUon. culture. art. rel!glon. phllosophles. literature and sciences of Indlgenous nauons. 9. Return htstortc places and sacred sites and objects to the Indigenous nations to whom they belong. 10. Demonstrate sincere commitment to the new partnership with Indigenous peoples bymakingadequateflnanclalresources avaJlabletoimplementactfonspresented herein. Furthermore. make stgnillcant donations to the Voluntazy Fund so that future projects be realized. and assure that the Indigenous peoples have direct Input Into the management ofsald fund. 11. That the United Nations Secretazy Cen· eral and Its speciall7.ed agencies. commiSSions and programs to convene speclal consultations with Indigenous peoples of the world at the most local level practical. 12. That the Secretazy general of the United Nations tmmediately create a s peclflc lnc:Ugenous program to be admlntstered and executed with direct partfclpauon of lndlgenous organJzauons. Written In the City of New York. December 9. 1992. 7. ,,.~ ·'J.'i.il 7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 6-7 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The following article is a statement that was approved and prepared by representatives of the indigenous community at meetings two days prior to the United Nation's Inaugaration of the Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Attachment Title Statement of Indigenous Nations, Peoples and Organizations.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples New York statement UN https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/452deb7b60e4489040d8d7c20ccd4124.pdf f257d6c5f9c8a8d15ca4e85ef164fa9b PDF Text Text OR G ANIZ A T I ON AND COMM U NICA T I ON • URACCAN Offers Degree 1n Indigenous Rights ''For more than five centuries others have spoken for us. Today we want to begin to speak with our own voices on this October 12. when we commemorate once more the histof}' of resistance of Indigenous peoples of the American Continent and as we launch a Degree Course in Indigenous Rights in our own university ..- URACCAN, the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua th that invocation 10 the more than 500 )'Cars of ndig-enous resistance on the W: American Continent, Dr. Mirna Cunningham, Rector of the new univer· sity URACCAN, began her address inau· gurating a degree course in Indigenous Rights-a speech that showed that this new post-secondary educational institution in Nicaragua is dedicated to take the forefront of the struggle to defend and extend the lights of the Caribbean Coast peoples. Above all. URACCAN wi1t be innovative and open to serve the real needs of the Caribbean Coa.~t mosa· ic of minority peoples-Miskito, Sumu, Rama, Gar!funa. Blacks-who have been historically marginalized and oppressed by the Nicaraguan state. It will also rein· force the autonomous status of the Caribbean Coast area of Nicaragtta by fo1m1nglocal cxpens in the fields of nat· ural resource management who can prevent the exploitation of coastal resources by outside forces. The degree course in Indigenous RightS. inaugurated in Bilwi {Puerto Cabezas), capital of the RAAN (North Atlantic Autonomous Region), is sup· poned and financed by a coalition com· posed of the internal budget of URAC· CAN, the Nicaraguan state. and International NGOs. It is a Bachelor level diploma that will be recognized as a basis to enter Master or Doctoral level degree courses in Nicaragua. The URACCAN Depanmem supervising this course is headed by Yuri Zapata; cours· es will be taught by Dr. Hazell.au1 3 well known Miskito leader and lawyer. · we are merely demanding," Cunningham assened, ·a fundamental Vol. 10 No.1 right for Indigenous peoples and ethnic communllles of the Caribbean Coast...our systematic and effective par· ticipation in the development of our own educational program." The national educational system and national uni· versities, she says. have ""no roots in our culture and thus kannotl respond to the urgem problems of our communi· ties." Mirna Cunningham is well known as a continental Indigenous leader. In 1992 she presided the work of convok· ing and assembling the Third Cominemal Encounter of Indigenous. Black. and Grassroots Resistance. held in Managua. She is a member of the Nicaraguan Parliament representing the Pucno C•bezas (Bilwi) region. She is also one of the principal architects of the autonomy process that led the Sandinista government in l987 10 enact the Autonomy law, a Constitutional provision that recognized autonomous status for the north and south Caribbean Coast regions. Indigenous peoples on the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast face severe marginaliz.11ion. Unemployment in the RAAN is now around 90%. and for the RAAS (South Atlamic Autonomous Region) it is 70%. The Atlantic Coast area has the highest levels of monaUty for early matemit)< Three out of every four unemployed persons are women, and there is an increase in rape and abuse brought about by social decom· position and drug consumption. Francisco Cambell. who rccemly travelled to the US in search of funher support for the program. spoke eloquently of URACCANs historical place in the lives of the Black and Indigenous peoples of the coast. "The Autonomy Process was the greatest historical shift from the liberal. nationalist ideology that to be Mestizo and Catholic is the only legitimate fom1 of belonging and ident it l' Now. the peoples of the region 5a)'. 'We will bttild our university." The establishment of an Indigenous Rights curriculum will further the autonomy process in the Atlantic Coast region by giving local peoples the educational training necessary to build the juridical framework for the reclaiming of the native economy and political system. In addition, the progrnm will do this in a way that respects the various cullllral expressions present on the Caribbean coast Uilit)' in diversity."' which must also integrate the cosmovi· sion of the Black Caribbean community. 1t will also decentralize the whole prcx:ess of education, taking smdents into coast~l communities for work~ shops, seminars, and open-ended, participatory sessions. The course, howev· er, is offered only on the Bil" ; campus, which will favor Miskilos over Sumus because of its location. Hence the need 10 open another program in the Bonanza region to the benefit of the Sunm communities. , . 11 Jlcfapted from a Glumeytur l. .XI f by felipe Swarr For infomtacion abouc URACCAN contact: URACCAN, &lljlcio E/ Cannen del Ctuutl 4 112c. al sur, Mar~agua. Nicaragua; Tel: 505· 2-682-HJ; Fax: 505·2·682-H5; or jsll<· arc@uugate.ulli.rain.ni; l.'ax 505·2-682145 37 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource URACCAN Offers Degree In Indigenous Rights Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title URACCAN Offers Degree Indigenous Rights Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 10 Issue 1 1 Pages 37 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English, Spanish English Abstract Note Dr. Mlrna Cunningham, director of the new university URACCAN, began her address inaugurating a degree course in Indigenous rights. The new post-secondary educational institution in Nicaragua is dedicated to take the forefront of the struggle to defend and extend the rights of the Caribbean Coast peoples. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p37.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Caribbean Coast peoples. Cunningham Mlrna Nicaragua URACCAN https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/5e8c9214902ff5f1efcfcd61231a8412.pdf 61dc4b37b5e00aa6a5a74c25483d6eba PDF Text Text Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples On Docember 10. 1992 leaders and enous speakers scheduled for the afternoon delegates of IndJgenous communities from addressed a relatively empty assembly hall. around the world convened at the United Despite the absence of many U.N. officials. Nations headquarters In New York City for the meeting had hiStoric Importance. as It the official opening of the United Nations was the first tlme lndtgenous peoples were International Year of the world's IndJgenous auowed to address the U.N. Speakers representing 20 IndJgenous Peoples. Indigenous leaders held strategy nations caDed on world leaders to halt the meetings In New York two days prtor to the genocide of thelr peoples and the destruction Inaugural events to share critical problems of their lands. The speeches raiSed common and formulate a unified. pro-active platform concerns, Including Invasion and exploitato take to the U.N. (see doclaratlon. page 6) tion of IndJgenous lands; pollution of alr. The meetings were organl:!'.ed by the Conti- water and land: violation ofreUgious freedom nental Coordinating CommiSSion of IndJg- and human rtghts; prote<:tion of IndJgenous enous Nations and hosted by the Native cultures and languages; and IndJgenous selfdetermination of economic development. American Council of New York City. '"Themost sertous problems confrontDurtng the morning General Assembly Plenary Meeting on De<:ember 10. the lng Indigenous Peoples are the progressive President General as weD as representatives expropriation ofour lands and terrttortes, the of Member States made offictal U.N. doclara- Irrational exploitation ofsoil and subsoU, and tlons regarding the role ofthe United Nations the destruction and contamination ofecosysIn "promoting and prote<:tlng the human tems which maintain the equlllbrlum of llfe, • rights of IndJgenous peoples", and how the said Noell Pocaterra UUana, of the Wayuu nauonofVenezuela. Many of the otherindJga1m of the International Year IS to focus enous speakers also emphasized the relaattention on the special situations and needs of IndJgenous peoples. · tionship between ecological concerns and The Plenary meeting was then ad- Indigenous concerns. In the words of Davl journed. to be continued by statements of Yanomami. a representative oftheYanomaml IndJgenous speakers. Unfortunately. few people of the Amazon: Our word IS to protect nature, the members of the General Assembly returned Wind. the mountain. the forest, and the anito attend the continuation of the opening ceremonies, and the diverse Ust of Indlg- mals. This IS what we want to teach you. The 4 Abya Yala News �1993 YEAR OF INDIGEN OUS PEOPLES Indigenous delegates meet to formulate a unified plalformprior to United Nations ceremony. From left: Margarito Ruiz, Maya(Mexico); Marcial Arias. Kuna (Pa.nt1J711l); Domingo Raien, Mapuche (C/Uie), unidentified Mapuche (Chile) leaders in thench,lndustrtallzedworld think that they are the owners of the world. But the shabons (shamans) are the ones who have true Imowledge. They are the real first world. And If their !mowledge IS destroyed. then the white people too will die. It will be the end of the world. ThiS IS what we want to avoid. SAIIC attended thiS hiStoric event as a supporter of the Inherent right of lndlg- enous peoples to participate IndeciSion-makIng processes that alfect their lives. Yet the fact that thiS Slgnlllcant prescence of lndlgenouschlefs. political and splr1tualleaders at the United Nations received little local. national or International press coverage bears witness to the fact that once again, the lncllgenous peoples of the world were not treated with due respect. UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples lnJuly'of 1993, tile UN's Working Croup on Indigenous Populations IS expected to approve ~e final draft of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. which they have been working on for 10 years with the participation of Indigenous peoples from all over the world. The draft will then be submitted for approval to all of the member nations of the UN. Ifenough support IS buJit. the Declaration will then be adopted by the Ceilera! Assembly, and become an Important InStrument for protecting Indigenous rights. We encourage IndiVIduals and oxganlza.tlons to help buJid support for the Declaration. You can educate yourself and others about the Declaration, CirCulate Information aroong other~ce and social justice oxganJZatlons. and wrtte to members of Congress and to the President. Copies of the current draft of the Declaration can be ordered from SAI!'C for a small fee to cover copying, postage. and handling costs. To Ond out more background lnformatton, contact: Center for Human Rights, United No~ons R oom S-2914, New York, NY 10017, Tel. (212) 963·2283 Vol7 Num 1 & 2 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Opening of the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 4-5 Publication Title Abya Yala News: ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note Delegates and leaders of indigenous communities met and discussed strategies at the United Nations headquarters in New York City. The meeting took place on December 10, 1992 and officially opened the United Nations International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Attachment Title Opening_of_the_United_Nations_International_Year_of_the_World's_Indigenous_Peoples.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] 1993 Year of Indigenous Peoples General Assembly Plenary meeting New York UN https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/39300a95629b49eb8cfdf1c592287e53.pdf 20218641ff05d77754ce6b8e0d6461fc PDF Text Text S A I I C News from SAIIC••• incc: our last journal in November of 1995, SAIIC passed through a difficult period, which has slowed the publication of Abya Yala News. We apologize to our readers for S this inconvenience. In spite of many difficulties. our work with Indigenous peoples has com inued on st ronger than ever. \ 1.,.fe, had numerous visitors. :ampaigns, worked on many different < and stayed long hours to do it all. \Ne are ver)' pleased to a•mounce that Amalia Dixon is now Director of SAliC. Amalia's experiences as a Miskita woman in the autonomous Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua have prepl\red her well for the rigors of the SA \IC directorship. It is a pleasure tO work with her. SAIIC is pleased to announce that Mariana Chuquin, a Quichua woman from Ecuador has joined us as member of the board of directors. Mariana is from the communily of Mariano Acosta in the province of lmbabura. Mariana attended the Universidad del Norte in Ecuador as a single mother. She moved to the US in 1984, and now works in Social Services for the community of San Francisco's Tenderloin district, providing health, food, free shelter, clothing. counseling, and information resources. She has remained active m the Indigenous Movement through it all. Welcome, ·Mariana. Laura Soriano Morales. a Mixtec~ Zapotec woman from Oaxaca, Mexico. has joined SAIIC to coordinate and pl·oduce $A11C's radio program. Laura is pan of the Binational Oaxacan Indigenous Front, and has a long hisVol. 10 No.1 tory of working in the Indigenous to area activists. It was a pleasure hav- ing Gilton hero working with us. taped a program on Biodiversity and SA IIC also received the visit of a Biopiracy for the purposes of inform- Sami delegation (the Sami people are ing Indigenous peoples of this new indigenOl.IS to what is today Norway. form of colonialism. The radio pro- Finland, Sweden, and parts or northgram also consists or a segment of ern Russia). During their visit. we news entitled "Indigenous Voices." exchanged common experiences of Radio programs arc taped and distrib- fighting for tcrritoriol rights. issues of uted to over seventy different representation. and the struggle to Indigenous radio stations and organi- preserve and manage the earths naturzations in Latin America. al resources. We thank them for comSAIIC welcomes David Rothschild ing to see us. as lhc new Adminisuation and Project Lastly, we were lucky enough to Coordinator. David graduated from receive the visit of Francisco the University of California, Santa Campbell. who is Vice-l'resiclem of Cruz. with a Major in L·uin American URACCAN, the University of the Studies. David has worked with vari- Autonomous Region of the Caribbean ous Indigenous organizations in Coast of Nicaragua. Francisco talked Ecuador including CONA IE. He is to SAIIC about this brand new initiapresent!)' working on a book focusing tive to provide Indigenous education Oll Biodiversity and Indigenous and training to the Sumu. Miskito. Intellectual Property Rights, to be Rama , and Garffuna peoples in published in English and Spanish. Nicaragua. Several people have left SAIIC In late October. we received the visit ofjose jacir de Souza. long-time since our last journal: Leticia Valdez. Macuxi actlvist in Brazil. jacir extend- Andre w Banle u . Marc Becker, and ed his speaking tour from the East Cheryl Musch.We take this opportuCoast to the West, and had great suc- nity to thank them for their warm ded· cess here in the Ba}' Area. We had the ication to SAIIC and wish them the privilege or conducting an imervicw best in all their future endeavors. with him with the help of Leda Martins and Glenn Switkes. Between November and january, movemcm. Up to this point. we have GUton Mendes. an intern from Brazil, worked with Si\IIC in developing closer solidarity ties with Indigenous organizations in the Brazilian Amazon. Gilton compiled key information on the changes in the Brazilia11 Indian land legal structures a11d also networked with and presented his work ABVA VALA NEWS 39 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource News from SAIIC... Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title 'News from SAIIC... Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 39 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note SAIIC discusses the events that they have taken part in and introduces many outstanding people from the indigenous community. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p39.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] De Souza Jacir Jose Dixon Amalia Mariana Chuquin Rothschild David https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/0b0777668330cc03191a431f50c97d1d.pdf af111cba2abecbe16f84aa20ea9a29c0 PDF Text Text EDIT O RIAL The commemoration of the 500 years of European Invasion Is now behind us . The wide-sp read resistance to the officially planned events and the ·official" version of history was very successful, Increasing public awareness of the exlstence of the 45 million Indigenous people that llve on the continent of Abya Yala. But even more Importantly. native communlties. mobU17~ tiU'Oughout the continent. not only to demonstrate their presence. bu t also to make concrete proposals presenting alternative solutions to the problems faced bY Indigenous communities everywhere. Demarcation of Indigenous territories, Indigenous control over educational systems. sustainable economic developmen t, and the rtght to self-<letennlnaUon are all demands titat will not go away untU they are fulfllled. Indigenous communities are Increasingly taking their destlny In their own hands, beginning bydecolonJztng themselves on an tdoologtcalleveL The exploitative rtght-wlng parUes. patemausuc liberal parties. and dogmauc and manipulative sectors of the !ell wing- all artstng from a European17.ed, Western perspecUve - have sought to preve.n t the autonomous development of the Indigenous Movement tn South and Meso America. In spite of their diversionary tacucs and atte.m pts at control which conunue to this day. Indigenous oommunltles haveslrengthen&l themselvesbY alllnnlng their distinct Identity. and shaping their own pollUcal phllosophies which reflect their traditional spiritual and cultural. heritages. The search for unity amongst Indigenous peoples - a unity which respects our diversity- Is manifested In the many represenlatlveorganl2ations which have been created onregtooal.and national levels, organl2ations that seek to affirm our mutual so!Jdartty and sirengthen our common posltlOl)S. Many of us' snare the vision of a strong movement of Indigenous Unity on a Continental leveL The formation of the Continental Commission ~f\ndlgenous Nations and Organl2aUons (CONIC) can be an ·~ // / .. / ' ' tnslrurnent for developing and slrengtherung.-that unity. The' stcond Contirlental Encounter of Indigenous Nations and Organl7.ations. to be held In Mexico from the 8th to the 13th ofOctOQer. wUJ be a significant step towards this vision. It being 1993. It ts Important to examine the role of the·Uhtted Nations as It all'ects the Indigenous strugg)e. Many years ago. Indigenous delegates to the UNs Working Pro-!!p on Jndtgen~us l'llpulatlons p roposed that 1992 be declared the Year of Indigenous Peoples as a gesture of reparation for 500 years of colonization. Covernmental representatives at the UN refused. ~ / supporting Instead Spain's proposal to commemorate 1992 as the~ncounter ofTwo Worlds", whlle agreeing to declare 1993 as the Year of Indigenous Peoples. ';. , The Inauguration of the Year oflndlg~nous Peo~les took place on December 10. 1992 (see article page 4). It was the first time that Indigenous representatives were Invited to speak to the UN's Gel)eral Assembly. Indigenous delegations from all over the world made great efforts to travel to New York for th.l s event at their OWn expense. since no UN funds were provided for this purpose. After the UN officials and government representatives addressed the Cene?J Assembly In the morning. the meeting was to continue In the afiemoon with the speeches of the Indigenous ';'P~nta~es. { et when the Ceneral Assembly reoonvened. the Indigenous represen tatives wilnessed, with great surprise and.~dJsOlusloni'Oent, that almost all of the government representatives and many of the UN officials had left. Many took this as a bad augury for the "lntemauonal Year of Indigenous Peoples", as well as a sign of great disrespect. These tnausplclous begtnnlngs have yer to be overcome. FIVe months afier the tnaugurauon tn New York, the many promises of 'Working tn partnership" with Indigenous peoples have stW not been fulJlUed. For example, the Center for Human Rights In Geneva has announced that they have obtained several hundreds of thousands of dollars for Indigenous Peoples' Projects. but they have not yet consulted wilh any Indigenous organizations In order to decide what projects will be funded. Indigenous peoples have not been granted official partlclpa,Uo~ at t4e upeomtng World Con ference of Human Rights tn VIenna. The ILO's Convention 169 has not yet been ratified by the majority of the world's nation-states. WhUe the Oral\ Declaration of Principles and Rights of Indigenous Peoples may be approved afier 10 years of development (see page 5). It will then sun need to be approved by the Human Rights Commission and ratified by the many governments represented tn the UN before betng adopted bY the Ceneral Assembly. Whlle It Is certatnly both worthwhile and necessary to strugg)e for the establishment of these tntemaUonal accords and then to ensure that governments act In oompUance with them - It ts Important that this not replace the energy and attenuon that we need to gtve to slrengthentng our communities and organl2aUons. Our vision Is that, through organiZing for selfdetenntnatlon, buUdtng alllances with each other. and consolidating our Indigenous unity on a oontinentallevel. we can ensure the well-being of all Indigenous peoples and of our Mother Earth. SAIIC Board of Directors � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 1 &amp; 2, (Winter/Spring 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Editorial Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Winter/Spring 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Editorial Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 1&2 Pages 3 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Winter/Spring 1993 Language English Abstract Note The SAIIC Board of Directors discusses the increasing level of mobility among indigenous communities and groups. Attachment Title Editorial.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] UN Year of Indigenous Peoples https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/0fe129d41ced5876dccef25e68d4deea.pdf 1328ab8358dedac4e580615032154e17 PDF Text Text SELF DE TERM I NATION AH O T ERRITORY Reflections on a M CONAIE, Grassroots, and a Vision for the Future (~~ .w~ Jose Maria Cabascanao Jose Maria Cabascango is a Quichua activist of the Pijal Community. Gonzalez Suarez Parish. province of lmbabura. Pijel has some seven thousand inhabitants and only 600 hectares of land. With intimete knowledge of that community, Jose Maria Cabascango. an activist since the 70s. reached a position of prominence In CONAIE (Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador). As Secreta/}' of International Relations. he hes traveled extensively throughout Europe and the Americas. In this inteNiew, he reflects upon the accomplishments and the future of the continental Indigenous movement from the perspective of Ecuador. What are the l>rincipal accomplish· mcnls of CONA tE and other commu~ nal o•·ganizatiOns Ihat you huve seen in your years of work? tnce th< 1940s ~nd 1950s. o.g.•m· :ntlons were born nil o'·er S t\'Cn Ecuador: pcasam or gnniz.:Jtions, Indigenous O'l\"ni:<ltiorb such a.s the fedcracion Ecua~ori:lll3 de lndtO$ (Ecuadorian federation or Indians), headed by Dolores C. cunngo. n woman 1 of struAAlt in those d3ys. Unfonunately. those organizauons were controlled by polotK';Il panics (hkc the Coznmumst and Soc1ahst pa~ty), the Catholic and E\';lngcloc:~l <hurchcs, .ond by th< labor mo,• emcnt. Therefore. they deOnltCI)• were not autonorno\b ~nd independent organiznuOrh. In the years of 1972. 19H. IZCUARUNARI began orgamzmg Itself with force and with many problem~ ~nd conO.kts with the Church. Then 11 became tndependent, onuiaung the rcconstnll'tlon of Indigenous peoples' collective Identity. In those ye.~rs th<re were three main points ol focus; the Mruggle .lj;.llnSI mdsm. because masm wns ,.tl)' •trong; the stnoggle lor the recuperation and lcgahznuon or the tcr- ntoncs. one of the most lmponant points; and the struggle for :on indige· nous educ:.ttion Uere. two primal)· d<mands were JniCUlated· on the one hand, that (tndtgenousl longuag¢S be recognized officmlly by the E!cuador!an state, and th.1t ~ducation be admin•.r ttred m our own Unguog<s Th<se are n!'l")' tmponant txpe.rienc:es lhat wtrt initiated in those times. Today, mcism has not ended. R:lcl"" appears m <eonomte ~loua· uon and the \10l.tnon ol human rights. Racosm exists m the behavior of ci\•11 SOCiety. 8ut il Is not as visible 3S before. �S Uttle by liule we have m.~n.'lged to make the non-lnd1gcnous society undeTStand tlut 11 too has lnd1genous blood and th3l we definitely ore dyn.,mic peoples. wnh • m1llMnial history. and our own ttrritories. I indeed would like to emphasize this aspect of the Struggle agninst mcism that 1s one of the principal nccompllshments; the President of the Republic himself is speaking of n ·multi-ethnic Ecuador.· V.~th reg.1rd to the Indigenous territories, I ~lievc there nre ndvnnccments. We were able to recuperate some lands although often under. veritable State or Stege. There are compahtros that were assossmated and pe~cuted. But 've monagcd to consolidate, at lta.St in p:ut, our temton:d spae< In the same way. lnd1gmous peoples 111 the Arnau>n and Co:>sl wenl oble to lcl)illtze their own ttnitones, whtch is an important aspect. Therefore, despite powerful tntCrestS such as those of the mulhna• uonal, oil, mmeml, nnd Other mdustries, nnd those of the Ecuadorian state. we managed to legalize. nt least in pan, those territories. In 1988 we mnnnged to get bilingual inter-Ctlltuml cduc(l(ion institu· tionalized. Yes, there are m.my prob· lcms. mony admmiStmuve, technical. and pedago&~cal difficulues, but ne,·ertheless 11 IS a mo''< forward. Toda)' for ex:~mple. there art plans to create, in h1gher cducauon, an lndigtnous uni\'trstt}\ I behc,·c thiS is an ad'-ancemmt. What has been the experi<'-nce or the communities l hting in lhis Lime of change? All of these occomplishments, evident in todny's dally life, have rcpercus· slons and nrc felt In the communities. For example, In the case of ffi)' community, nascent conOicts nrc no longer referred tO the ntuhoritleS Comprised of political entitles, couns. JUdges, and county ond provmcial nmhorities. They are resolved w11hin the some community. This IS a n.-al control w1elded by E l f DETERMINATION A N 0 TERRITORY peoples and pea..<ant O'l/,3nl:atlons of the country also worked 0\ll • proposal count ry a nd take up Indige nous for agranan reform. In june of '93. we ""legaJ.. traditions to c reate oU presented thtM ~fore the indigenous legal s tructures io Ecuadorian parliament. There were E uador. Do )'Ou see n contradiction three proposals: one from the go"ernc between this ambitious 1noject and ment, one from the landowner and wantiog. to rclurn to workrng direct- agro-industri:IILSt sector, and onothcr ly with the communities? from the lndigcnOu$ nnd peasom orgaWe have alwnys soid t hot u is nizations united In the National imponnm to work on all fronts. The Agrarian Coordination (Coordirwdor·<t political, juridical, economic, social, Agra,;a Nadorwl). In the end CONAIE's and cultuml projects that we have inhl· proposol was Slollcd or e-·cn thrown ated have to continue forward, because out, I don\ remcm~r exactly whm these have an effect at the commumty happened. level. I ~lie,·e that tnd1genous peoples In 1994, the !DB (lnter-<lmencon in Ecwdor hove ~n the orig>nators of Development B.1nk) demanded that many muL~tlv.,, :md there e.'<JSIS • pop- S80 milhon be tmnsrerred to the agrarul3t boekmg across Ecuadonan society ian sector, which 11 sow ns archaic. for our work, theoc arc 1101 proposmons Then 11 demanded a change m the that are Only Ill the IntereSt Of agrarian law. Wol'lied, the government Indigenous peoples, but rather proposi- urgent!)' sent a projec:t to the Nnuonnl tions to inaugurate 1\ new SOCiety :md Congress so that In fifteen days they auempt 10 resol,·e the huge problems of could approve that law. When we reviewed it. we S3w that it wns the social cr1s1s, hunger. and poveny. From the moment we inufnted the shortened version of what the struggle until 1993, there was general- landowners had presented in 1993. ized state repression. Then, thanks to Nevenheless, It was pushed fol'\vord the struggle that ro:;e In nntionol and and approved. international solidarity, liule by liule The Indigenous movement reacted the military prcsence in the comnmni- very quickly. The entire country mobi· ties diminished. 1 believe th1s is an lized-organizauons :~llied with extrcmcl)• lmponnm achievement. CONAIE. popular org.tn1zauons In the case or my community. all are in,·oh'Cd and not involved in the agrarworking dihgently to aC(\Uirt new mfrn- ian issue. Now, wh)' ? On the one h.1nd. Struc:tunl. to develop water works. and the law proposed the pn\';lllz.ttion or the like. We, like CONAIE, are womed community lands and natural obout how to provtde training tn resoucces, especi.11ly of wttter. h thre:tt· administrative matttts. ened to do away with pcas3lll org.m1Zo· lion. h was • retrograde l~w: what they CONAIE surprised the world with its project tO ronn 0 multinational Two events in Ecuador where. the Indigenous ' orgmliznlions and CONA!E have had :m important role: the Indigenous mobllizntion against the Agrari.an Reform Law (Ley de wanted was to return tO the hacu:nda system, gam ownership or all our resources. and deOnitcly 1 rnplam an ideology of individunlisnt, of mnrket competition. Reforma Agrmia) In June of 1994, aod the border wnr with Peru. Did the effectiveness of CONAIE con· Historically. it was n '1cry imponant moment. For the first time, Indigenous organizations demanded from the govt.ra.st strongly in tbcse two events? ernment the revocation or a law that To Sllmmanze, around 1993 the wem agamst the maJOrH y or the mdUStnal sectors like the big agro- Ecuadorian people-not j\ISt Indigenous our own ~unhoriuts wh1ch h.·we the indUStrial companies worked out a pro- people. Also. for the first time in L1M capndty to crr.tte a ·)egislollon" proper J<Cl for an :tgr.arl.1n reform 13w (Ley de Amei'IC3n histor)'. • president >.1t at the Dt:samlllo Agrarw). We as lnd1genous negOiiation tabk wnh Jn lndtgenous to the communuy. vo1:-1o No. 1 - 23 �S E L F DE T ERM IN AT I ON AND TERR IT _,'-"'-'-_ __ O R Y ti')Ong to neg0ll3tc " "h 111<! oal compa· nics. The na1ion~l go,~rnmcnl would say, "Not one step backward' We're going to defend the ltmtory. our soven:agnty!" But n1 the some time they were handmg over thiS ·so,·eretgmy· to the o al compant~s! \Vhat arf' we sup· posed to mnke of thnt> In the Ecuadorian parliament they were approving measures tO privatize petro· lcum resources, electricn1 energy. tclc· phone Industries, nnd the social sccuri· t)' system of 1hc country. the Ecuadorian lnStnutc of Social Sccunty (lESS)! So. wh~t •soverel~llt)'" do they speak of? organorauon for fifteen days of work, day and mght We managed to paralyze the enure country, block roads. ond prcvem the del"•ery of ngnculturnl products to the clly. Now, in regards to the war, CQN,\I E held some reunions \loth the Shunr.t\chunr Fcdcm11on and the 1\chunr t.'nmt'l'lilcft)s. Bm we have 10 consider thAt, on the one hand. there was • total suppon from the Ecuadorian people, includmg suppon from lndtgcnous peoples and camp<Stno -tor For el<3mple, m my communi!)· th<!rc "rre 14 Cllnlpaittros in the line of Rrt. So. the panicipation of almost ~u the people was a very tmponont aspect But I rellcrntt that CONAIE, the Shunr-Achuar Federnuon, and other argan1z~tlons met and came up with very Important resolutions. demanding of 1he governmcm rctribullon for all of the lml>acts. both environmental and cultural, resulting from the war. There were very 1tti'Jtt communities that were disploocd Nevenhcless. as of yet there is no response (rom the go,·cmmem. You sold that the Shuor and Indigenous people in other regions supported the armed forces. That con1rndic1s the statt.mt.nl.S of organi- 24 The U.N. declared 1993 a> the "Yur of Lhe lndigenollS Peoples" and in 1994 they declared n Decade of Indigenous Peoples. ~ll\S this been zations such ns CONFENIAE and beneficial for Indigenous peoples? CONi\ IE, that s~id 1h:n tho war \v:ISWell I bchevc that at 1he lntema· n't of Indigenous people but of gov· uonal kvcl, we have progres.sed a bit ernmen ts nnd that those border with regard to our nght>, In 1992, areas definitively belong 10 the Rlgoberta Menchll rccel\•cd the Nobel Indigenous people living there. How Peace i>rizc. Bul, we hlwt: S.'lid that if would you clnrlfy this? we. as Indigenous peopl•·s. don't truly hS that, yes, there w~s supJ>Ort from take ad\<an!ltge of these conJunctures. the people, but unfortunately societies nothing will hnppen during the ten in general nre 100 nnpassioncd by years. or twenty years e\ocn. I believe e'·ems like this, be it war, or soccer, to thaL the idea IS 1h>t, lor example, m mention just • rew So IM people nse regard to the Decade, we as org.1niza· and w11h theor tmp.'IS>Ioncd atutude Lions appropnatc and seek change begin 10 bock a ~ilion Imposed by through the rcsoluuons dm(tcd by the 1hc go\'cmmem, \\llh 1\.lllonahsrn and UN. a false sense: of partlstnshlp. We should nghl m til<! framework We must tJk< tnto consideration of til<! United Nauons nnd participate that CONiiiE produced many press in forums \\1th cle>r proposals. Many releasts cbrtfymg thai, truly. at was not Indigenous people have traveled and m our mtcrest tO support hhe warl, or parttctp.1ted, but ol1en to pro,•ide a ~ven the government (~md much less folkloric or cultural presence and not a 1he am1ed forces), bccnusc in the end. politically actiw o ne . In the the war was not one of Indigenous peo- Ecuadorian cnse. we have n process of ples. On top of I hi>, In the bordcrl•nds unincation between Indigenous. peasthere Were clo~ly related lndagenous am, and Afro-Ecu:ld,>rlan o rganiza· groups 1hnt "'ere clashing: people wilh tions. There exlSlS :\ nntiona1 commit· the same histoncal roots. the same lee for the Decade whert!in we are blood, and the s.•me econom1c prob· workmg wilh many proposals-eon· lems. crtte plans of action. We need to act. The amport:u11 tlung to remember is because rnony NGOs, and 111<! church, thai an the de\'clopmcn1 of the war. are qune prtpared !0 rteci\C all of Lhc wh<!n 1he people wen: up •n arms. sup- resoun:es filtering an lor the pomng 1hc go,<rnment, 11 in tum w.>S lntcmauonal Decade. ... A'oia Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reflections on a Movement: CONAIE, Grassroots, and a Vision for the Future Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Reflections on a Movement: CONAIE, Grassroots, and a Vision for the Future Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 22-24 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note Jose Marfa Cabascango is a Quichua activist of the Pijal Community. Jose Marfa Cabascango, an activist since the 70's, reached a position of prominence in CONAIE (Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador). In this interview. he reflects upon the accomplishments and the future of the continental Indigenous movement from the perspective of Ecuador. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p22-24.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CONAIE CONFENIAE Quichua https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/0864d4f5306b88e3a9e8f3f5c32cbbae.pdf 6005e82fd10d836f965882cfcb8a15cf PDF Text Text B RAZIL Fighting for a Macuxi Homeland Macuxi leader Jacir Jose de Souza is a well known Indigenous activist from the Raposa Serra do Sol Indian area. Brazil. After 25 grueling years of work, this area has yet to be demarcated and has been the site of numerous killings and human rights violations (see Noticias de Abya Yala. Vol. 9 No. 1), Now. the revocation of Decree 22191 puts a cloud over the prospects of official demarcation. In this interview. not yet knowing the outcome of the revision of Decree 22/91. Jacir confides in SAIIC the hardships faced by the Macuxi people and the often conflicting process of organization and representation that occurs in a common struggle. f~~ .w~ Jacir Jose De Souza Why and bow d. d you st.~rt fighting for i the Macu.'<i people? 'm from the mal0«1 (village) of Mamruca, in the Stllte of R oraima, Brazil. Our land had been invaded, but the ruxaua (chieO of our Maloca wasn\ responding. On April 27. 1987. we had a meeting and I was chosen to lead the effort to defend our community, to replace the Tuxaua of the maloca. Our first Step was ending alcoholism. which the garimpdros (gold prospectors) were bringing into our community. Then, we Started to organize other communities and work with the other Tuxauas. Still, they thought I was new, and lacked experience. I argued that, for the future. we had 10 take action on our own behalf. The government was never goi.ng to do any· thing. FUNAI wouldn\ help us. Our effons continued: communities Started helping each other, clearing fields, building houses. !took this experience of working with the Tuxauas to the annual general assem· bly. 1chose four people in my maloca (village), went 10 the assembly, and told all the 1i<Xauas about the village council we had fonned. The reaction was pretty neg· alive: They said, "What, you won\ respect the Tuxaua any more. and there won\ be a legitimate authority?" But, when they saw the results of our work, they agreed 10 unite and work together. I 20 In 1987. we decided to extend our organization to the city to work for the demarcation of our land. I suggested 12 people, from all the communiti. s, e 10 start. In April, 1987, we went 10 all the malocas. explaining what we wanted to do. that in Maturuca we already had a council, and that this was for the future of our children. The people agreed. After one month we wem to the city. We had no house or anything. FUNA! didn't want to help us. So. we went to talk with a bishop, Don Aldo Mongiano. and he said he could provide a house we could use. We divided up the work. Three people stayed in the cit)'. and the others returned to the malocas. After a while, the process was reversed. We set up a place where people could go for help. After two years, everyone was with us. 1 was in the middle of everything. We bought another house for an off\ce in Boa Vista. People brought food from the villages. We put together a small project that rec~ived support. In 1988. we had a meeting in Manaus with COlAS (Brazilian Indigenous Peoples and Organizations Articulating Council). There was an election. and six people were chosen including me. l told them l didn't have enough experience, and that this is a very big city. But , they convinced me and tOld me it would. be fine. By 1990, we were doing well. Then, there. was an outbreak of malaria in my maloca. Many people fell sick. My ,vifc \\'$one of them, and she died. When I got back to Boa Vista, they wanted me to work for the Council. but l said I had to take care of my children. When I got back to the maloca, they said you can\ leave. A 1itxaua is a Tuxaua. After four months. they chose me to coordinate the region. where there are 5,000 people in 48 villages. 1 agreed to coordinate thi.ngs from my home. Our organization. the Indigenous Council of Roralma (OR). now has diverse personnel, including a lawyer and an agronomist. Since we divided up imo eight regions, some Stay in their areas while others work in the cit)• Now, we are even trave1ling to other countries. In September, the vice-coordinator wem to Italy where he met with other organizations. Today, I am here. Our work to defend our rights continues. What are the principal problems faced by Macux.i communities? At the beginning of 1995, the state government wanted to build a dam on the Cotingo River. \vithin the Indian area Raposa Serra do Sol. They sent the miliAbya Yala News �B RAZIL tary police who destroyed a house, beat up the Rtxaua, and kicked people out and burned a house. We resisted. We held that it was illegal to do this in an Indigenous area. We contacted the attorney general and FUNAI. We explained how they had beaten many people. later, the federal government decided to bring in energy from Venez\tela. so things calmed down. The s(ate government was doing this to hold up the demarcation lof our ~'nd). The arn1y came into the area, also destroying houses. Vole had a meeting and called the military and little by little they left. Then in October. they proposed creating a town, a nmnicipality within Raposa Serra do Sol. How could they get away with this? The)• called for a plebiscite and scheduled a day to hold it. Jacir Jose de Souza (right) during Amazon Week VI, 1995, during a panel on They brought electronic voting Indigenous Rights. machines. The ranchers and miners Vole built a blockade and st.~yed there helping us: But this is in the city of Boa voted. as well as the Indians. In another plebiscite a year ago the months, not letting anyone or any vehi- Vista, where many lndiallS are suffering, results were annulled because the cles pass. Then. FUNAI sent the federal and can\ go back to their village. Indians !.:new about it, and being well- police in 1992 to expel everyone. We organized, boycotted it. Now they managed to kick out 600 garimpeiros. Have you received the support from po pu1atious in pulled a new maneuver. announcing the The ranchers inside the area also began non·lndigcnous plebiscite with onl)• two days o£ advance to leave. One o£ the meanest, named Jai, Rorai.ma? notice. The Indians didn\ have a chance left after destro)<ing many o£ our houses. In any city in Bmzil, there are people to organize. They brought computers, Now. this area is clean. and the forest is defending our rights. There are journalwhich people had not seen before. beginning to grow. ists who help us. The church also SUI>So. today, there are very few cattle pons us. FUNAI also scm a decree to the Needing assistance, they could not vote in privacy. Now, they say they will build inside. But, \vith the suppon o£ the state min.ister recognizing our tenitorial lim· a city near M:uuruca. \Ve. believe th.is is government. son1e remained. Now. there its. And, there are many organizato destabilize the Indian movement. and is a lot o£ pressure to establish a munici- lions-CIMI (lndigenist Missionary pality. The fight is getting seriotts. and Council), that organization in 5.\o Paulo, to prevent the demarcation o£ the area. we can't give in. the CPI (Pro-lndian Commission), in So, I'm very concerned. Its a very serious problem. Rio de janeiro. Oid you s peak with Minister Jobim? So, we're working togelher. Any How many years have garimpeiros It's difficult. We've tried three times place we go, we find allies. But, powerto schedule a meeting. We tried to speak ful people \vith more money stay on top. been inside the area? Its been about 25 years. They staned tO the president in New York, but we working manually. Then. machinery 'vas couldn\. Some of our members have What can people here do to help the brought in. In the last seven years, they spoken with the minister. but hear that Macux_i people? On this trip, I've met other Orgatli.zabrought in dredging equipment. he is going to sign the decree !decree tions like RAN (Rainforest Action destroying the rivers. polluting them 1.775). Network). and asked for their help to with mercury, leaving them filthy. When the fedeml government took ...and the s tate government? speak \vith the government here. People the miners out o( the Yanomami area in The state government, through buy- can send letters asking our government 1989-90, many came to the Macuxi area. ing ofT some of ottr people and giving to respect Indian people. Everyone can This was when fakipanan malaria-the them small presents like clothes, got the pressure the us government here ruso. most serious kind-became rampant. Indians to S<'\Y that "the government is Continued on page 36 Vol. 10 No.1 21 �OR G ANI Z AT I ON AND C O MM UNICA T IO N Corot/nucd from pasc 21 ru.s \\'Jut bctn tht rt<~ of poopk in 1M dties of Bra:il? AI"( th<y a""'"' of the situa:don? ABYA YALA NEWS BACK ISSUES! <Back Issues are availabl e in both Spanish and English for $3 each plus shipping. Be fore 1993, the journal wa s called SAIIC N e w s l e tter.) .:l State Frontiers and Indian '3 II Continental Encounter of N atlone Vol 9 No.I. Spnng 1995: Includes lndigenoue People• Vol. 7. Nos. 3 & 4. w.nter 1993 <not av8llable 1n Spanishl. Also inCludes • Oot Compan•es Take Over the Ecuadorian Am4zon • Ecu.cjo<Peru 8ocde< WM • lnteMOW leona<do V.ten • MelUCO's Domestic and lnterMI'Onal Borders J Confronti ng B loc:olonlallem Vol. 8. No. 4. Winter 1994: Includes • Tho Human Genome Diversity Pro)oot • Sofoguardlng Indigenous Knowtedgo • Tho Guoym1 Potent • Blodivors•ty ond Community lntognty .J Indian Movements and The Electoral Proce . . Vol. 8. No. 3. Fall 1994: Includes· • Me>c>co lndogenous Suffrege Undet Protest • BoiMO. Reconstructing the Aytlu • Guatemala· Maya Poloucal Crossroads • Colombia: Special Indian 0. str1<: 111'9 .l Chlapae: lndlgenoue Uprlelng with Campealno Demande? Vol 8. Nos 1 & 2. Summer 1994: Includes: • Moyo Identity end the Zapatista UpriS•ng • Cho onology of Events • lndogenous and Cemposono P~ Proposels • lnteMOW With Ant<nO Hemondez Cruz of CIOAC 36 • Free Trado's Assault on IndigenouS Roghts .J 19113 Year of the World'• Indigenous P eople• Vol 7. Nos. 1 & 2. Wintcr/Spnng 1993: Includes: • UN DecleroUon of Indigenous Rights • Stotorne<lt ollndtgenous Ne110ns at tho UN 0 Excluelve Inte rviews w ith Fo ur Indian Leaders Vol 6. No. 4. Fel 1992: lnteMeWS • M.queas Mollercs. AIOESEP CPerv> • Mateo Chumore Guarano <BoiMa> • Marganto Aull. API C Mexoco> • Caloxta Gobtlel. Kaqchokel Maya CGu.1temelal :J March on Qulto o Amazon lndlane Demand to be Heard Vol 6. No. 3. SpOng & Summer 1992 <not aveiloble '" Spanosh> Also Includes: • lntcrlilew with President of ONIC {Colomboal •(X)IC~n r<.re YOO P.nmll 0 Newe from Around the Continent Vol 6. Nos. I & 2. Spnng & Summer 1991. Includes: • Pehuenche Organ•z•ng Pays Off CChoiel • South end Cent<lll Amencan Women's Gathcnng <Peru> lthmk tlut t~l"( IS <Om< actl\11)! ~n: os ullk of org;mwn~ 2 protNt 1n 8rasllu When t~rc ~~ mont)' to bnng 300-400 Ind"1ns to 6msiha. t~rc 1> ol\\,1 little time )"' to plan. Whnt is the situation regnrdlng the co11· struction of the go<•cn>mtnt dam o n the Cotingo River? The t'OIIStniCtlon of the d:uu was sus· pend.'<!, and cltctncny Will b< brought 1n from \'tne%Ud>tAAad But, \\C don\ know what \\111 h.1ppen lat<r un Is the bordu area h<a<i ly miht•rizall ~ m1htary tS 1n :-onnand~:~ :md 8-8. They want 10 bUild .1 town. and tile)' k~p <'OIIllniJ through t~ am. htlpmg the ranchers, bum1ngan lndo.tn hom< here and thtre. How about in Indigenous areas? Calha None mcluded n lxt<c <whm Rapos:l/Scrm do Sol. but they don\ have """"'>' to btnld It )<1 The nulttary ll3> declared ll~lf ag1llMI demarcation of lndmn lands. nnd supports loc11l interests They bwlt n blcxlodt oro t~ Ml)· rood tlut links the CillO <mh thr m.1loca,, and ....,ned the nght to -rch cmcnng Ind1:1ns to mumtdate t~m Arc Indian lands •ubj«t to OrgAAized iowasions by large companirs, o r small bndltss farmtrs and miners? ~ b~r «OROrniC IIIICI"(StS ha<·t plans to get mto the nrca. Tht)' want to j\Ct the rn1ntrs out. so t~y cnn (Ollie 111. Bill. we don\ want anyont to come m .., S<otd foxes to l'rrsltla ll l'cmamlo Hcrrrlq• < CllrJooo ~~ him I<> f,lld<~nl« th< d<matal· '""' of lnchg<nc>US ""'" In Roatrl. and c r«-ol:< o D«•« 1775: l'rmJrldo Htnn<jl>t C..o.i>w. PI'Ouklll of the RrpoblK. Pa/cllld do l'liVIollro, Braulia • DF • 10 !60-900. frl< SS-6!·121>-7566. (?lloUI. .... ,...~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fighting for a Macuxi Homeland Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Fighting for a Macuxi Homeland Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 20-21, 36 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note Macuxi leader Jacir Jose de Souza is a well known Indigenous activist from the Raposa Serra do Sol Indian area. Jacir confides in SAIIC to explain the hardships faced by the Macuxi people and the often conflicting process of organization and representation that occurs in a common struggle. Attachment Title Pages from Abyayala_v10_n1_p20-21,36.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil Brazilian Indigenous Peoples and Organizations Articulating Council De Souza Jacir Jose Raposa Serra do Sol https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/9af637c41ac47039ba3b0196d8ce7e0e.pdf c87248c75f2a74b0af2583a708f4d036 PDF Text Text E NVIRONMENT Biobio River: Chilean Government Renews Ralco Dam Concession In the Spring 1995 issue of Abya Yala News we reported that END£$A. the largest private company in Chile. is planning to construct six hydroelectric dams on the Biobio river In southem Chile. The first of these. Pangue. is already 70% completed. ENDESA now says it will move ahead with construction of the largest of the Biobfo dam. called Ralco. Ralco threatens to displace 700 people. including 400 Pehuenche Indians. Since our last article. the struggle to save Biobio and the lands of the Pehuenche has been intense. Now. the Chilean state has broken down s barrier for the construction of Ralco. n january 12, 1995. ENDESA announced th:u d<Sput OPJ'O"• tion by <-1titen groups nnd lndigenollS people, membcl'> of the Chilean Cong~Y:SS, and ev.:n some gov· crnmcnt agencies. the office of the lnspe.:tor General of Chile had approved the renewnl ofENOESA\ piOVISion:ll eoncession for surve)'ing In the Rolco area of the Up1>er Bioblo. The oppo5nion to the ~"""'1\1 had callSCd the normally auton>~tic renewal pi'O<less to be ddnyed for neorl)' a year. The groups opp(>SM the renewnl booiW<' of the ncg.1tivc impact of the sur''cying work on the ecology of the Upper Btobio nnd the Pehuenche lndtgenollS c-ommunh1es who live in the ~u\."n. lt1lco would be a 155 meter·hlgjl d.1m with a 3:100 hectare reservoir, which would Oood over 70 km of the rh'Cr vrtlle)' and displa(t': over 700 people. including 100 Pchuenche Indians. Environmental and lndigenollS righ.s groups oppose the project not only because ofthe Wide S(ll]e destruction '' would cause, but also because projections or Chtl~~ future energy requitetl'lcms indi<'att that the energy It would produce will not be need<'<! ENDESA hos been continuously con· ducting surveying activhies in the are:o, despite the L'lC1 that tbctr ongm~l proVt· soonal «>ncesston exptn.'<l m 1993. and their activities have c;onsistcml)' been camed om \Vttltout the collS<'nt of the land owners. The opPQ$ition groups O 30 hold d.at while R:llcos impac.s ~~a_,-e not been evsluated or appl'O\'ed by the \\'el'C misled by ('fldesa Into selhng their Lmds. Others have n:slsled actt\'cly, ask· appropriAte government agencies. lngEndesa engineers I OV.Icate their com· ENOESA should not be permiued to munili~ unmedi:u.ely 'Since It has not conunue to bring dC$lructrvc clements to been pol'Sible to discuss things with ENOESt\ , and due to the ossaultth:!t our the R.•lco area. Under Chilean Lnw (l.nw of Mopuche Pehuenehe people nre being Protection, Suppon, ond Development of subjected to, we feel forced to take the lndlg~nous Peopll:). the f'ehuenche dccisron to ask them to lcn\'e Pchuenche Indians :w not n.'<jutred to lea"e their lCnitOr)'. Out of the commulllUCS o! lands again.<t their will nor to accept nny Quepttcn-Ralco, Palmucho, Quepuca, reloauion package offered by ENDESA. Ralco-Li:poy. l.epoy, l.:t Veta, The Pehuenche h:!w made d<nr their Cbenqucco..: (IV<rMn (chtcfs) or opposition to the R.~lco PR\icct and the Quepucn-R.1lco tond R;Jico l.epoy). 'II' presenc.: of ENDESt\ repii!Semmi•·<'S in thetr temtory, but the «>tlctSS!on \\ill Wntt rQ the Ptmdcnt Oulc. Ed11anlo Fr<l ennble ENDESA representanves to move mtd 10 rite diplonwtic rcpr!!smtatfl•ts of Chllc through the Pehucnche Indians' temtory in your "''"' coun.try. <Uki•g th<m to r<:ij>(ct agatnst their wish~ the righiS of lndogtrwu.< l'toplt$ tn Chile In Oppo5tuon to the gr.tmlng of the per- accordtmce •·.illt tltt Cltllean lndigcno.u mit h:!s been widespl'l:<ld. Onjanu.vy 19, Ptdpla I.D.- and lm<nutfll)rtal Tr<'<ll~ a p~ conference was held to crillclze the decision to l'Cncw tbec!n•m. A decla- lidU<~rdo Frd, Prrsidcnt< d< Ia Rtl"lblfca do· rolion \\':IS signed there b)' the major Olilc: Fox: -+S6-2·690·4020 or • 56·2-®0environmental groups and by youth ~329: ll!tp:ll"""'l""srdtnaa.cU; j/Jhn Biehl. org.•mzatlons o{ the politlrol panle.s in Chll«tn Amba,><U/Qr to tilt United Storts: the &0\'Cming C<JQihlon <>f Chile. Also. Fax; 202-887-5579 the Chile.tn Bureau or Indian Alfatrs (Corporation Nadonal de Oesarollo Ccmplltd from Corri<ntcs, MW$/cllcr of the lndl!;<na- CON:AOI). re(<'fltly =.ated to Bll#o Action Gn~Up (GABB), and 81oblo impl~mcnt Ch ile~ new Indigenous updmc. (transloucd by IR.'?· fo>' More Pt<iples Lnw, intervened against ENDE- lnjonn<Jtion, contatc Gro.po de Atdon por d S,.\.. Bioblo, !!• II<'Sto The Pehuenche comm1.milies m the path of Endcsali project have had to contend with a well-<>tt.hestrated cmnp.11gn of mis-information and btibcl)\ Some R;xcltw. Santwgo de Odie: Te/:+56-!2·737· H20: Fa.r. •56-2-777-6'11-1. tmall· gabb@hucl<n.rcuna.d l'l!ltO I.Dgantguc l J2, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Biobio River: Chilean Government Renews Ralco Dam Concession Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Bioblo River: Chilean Government Renews Ralco Dam Concession Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 30 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note ENDESA. the largest private company in Chile is planning to construct six hydroelectric dams on the Biobio river in southern Chile. ENDESA now says it will move ahead with construction of the largest of the Biobfo dam called Ralco. Ralco threatens to displace 700 people. including 400 Pehuenche Indians. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p30.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Biobio River Dam Chile ENDESA Pehuenche Indians https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3c576cbd8f68f6e913fc9b00f6eea014.pdf 46733ff34e58b6efb1c9738a103c5ed8 PDF Text Text B RAZ I L Decree 177S:An Attack on Indian Lands in Brazil "Decree 1775 is more than a setback: it's a death sentence for many Indigenous groups . .._ GOlAB (Council of Indigenous Peoples and Organizations of Brazil) ndigenous organizations tmd their allies initialed a major c~mp~ign of resistance ofler Brn<illan President Fernando Henrique Cardoso signed Dtaee 1775, responsible for t"" demarc:nion of lnd1a.n lands. on j~nuary &h. 1996. As the cherished baby of Minister of justice Nelson jobim, Decree 1775 oiTers a 90-dly ptriod for "Slates and I mumdpaliuu containing the :uea to be demarcated, and Ol""r inter61ed panies" to exercise the ctmmu!irorio, or legally comes1 the process. Addiuonlllly. it sub· jects 344 of the 554 Indian Areas in '""Y Brazil to rtVISion btcause ha\"e )'CliO be entered into'"" country$ official land registry. Armed with such legal backing. contenders of indian lands have already staned invading and stak1ng their claims ms1de !nd1genous 1erri1ones. Indigenous organi.a110ns and NGOs m BrutI. tn sol· idarity with interna<ional forces, are worki.ng 10 pressure the Brazil ion state to revoke the new decree. What's Wrong with Decree 17751 indigenous forces and mdigenist NGOs have been unanimous in their protest of the new decree. After the passIng of Decree 22/91, which tn fact allowed for the demarcation o( se--eral Indigenous Arc3.S, many Indigenous nations fought espteially hord 10 demarcate their land. The Macuxl in Raposa Serra do Sol, for example, ha,·e been lroding an tntemallonol campaign for demarcaoon. to S«Ure thm territory 18 from gold miners and ranchers (see ano- equtpptd 10 deal with the eminent clc page 2()). Now, with Decree 1775. onslaught of legal claims against those eiTons appeor 10 have been m vain. Indigenous areas. Indigenous organi<ations point out In addition. CAPOIB claims that that one of the major problcms "ith ~ 1775 will cr<att an "IndUStry of Decree 1775 IS 1hat it was dev!S<d in indemmues: since It c:tlls lor the comabsence of open debate. Mony ptnsatlon of panics cl1tmmg a loss of Indigenous and indlgenist enuues had land due 10 demarcation, with titles to requested meetings 10 discuss the show for it. All cblms ollndenmity made imi>•cts of the decree. CAPOIB, an on lndlgti\OUSareasnot )'<I r(81Sitred are indtg<nous umbrdla organizauon based ''tlhd. The agnbustness compan)' m Brnsilia acttvc m the fight agatnst Colon1z.1dorn. Terranont Ltda. altead)' Decree 1775. point$ ou11ha1 on August solicited comptnsation for lands belong15th, 199.5. Presirlr.n1 Cardoso assured ing to the Enawene-Nawc Indigenous :trea in MAt() Grosso s1a1e; • sum to the 1une or 7.6 milhon Brazilian real$ (US$7.9 million). In Pam stalt them that he would not 1113ke any d«i· alone, the summed tndemmties for all SIOn wuhout discussing the mauer m romes1ed lnd•geriOUS ""'"' would reach detail with Indigenous organizations. approximately US$1.4 billion. Even after the signing of Decree 1775, Indigenous voices say Decree 1775 MtmSier jobim was quoted as saying. "nsks the lives of lndtgenous ptople, • refemng lo B111Zi\13n NGOs ltodmg the and add IMI im-as;oriS and '"" proliftra· tnlernalional Cllmpatgn against the lion of d~SaSCS in mdlgenous are.u will decree. "These groups are no1 tnterested increast Rtttnl news lront Braztl prove in solving the mdigcnous problem. They this aMlysis 10 be comet. According 10 are interested In creating problems and confirmed and unconfirmed reports. we 'viii ha"e no dialogue "''h those who in,'lSions are presently occurring in a cause problems" (follta ik54D Paulo, Feb. host o! h\digenous areas, including Barto de Antonina (Kaingang). the Mundurucd 6). In a clever fnshton, Decree 1775 area In Amazonas. R10 Guamd (Tembt) In effwivcly paralyzes land demarca11on by Par.\, Panmnbizn1hno ond Sete Cerros subjecth)g the process to the inter· (Guarnni-Kaiowa). both In Malo Grosso. mtnable bureaucracy of legal eoun bat· Coroa Vermelha (Pat3X6) in Bahia, Surul ties 0\'tr bnd FUNAI (National Indian and the area o( the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau in Foundation). whtch h3.S historical!)' Rondonhla. Other threatened •~ con· locked anthropologists and Ja,V)crs. "111 tested by the government and the mtllbe responsible for ~arrying out required tary for their "strategic value· are Kricatl legal, geographical. and ethnographic (Marn.nhM). Bau (Pnr.t), Mar.\iuapsede work prior 10 an)' deman:ation or as part (Mato Grosso), ond Rapos:.1 Serra do Sol of any revision FUNAI. hO\\'e\'er, IS til· near the border with Guyana. Abya Yala News �B RAZ I L Indigenous Peoples and NGOs According to jobmt, the new decree abides hy the constitution (section 55 of React article 5) because it guamntces a thi(d A well articulated number of forces, party the right to contest a judicial from Indigenous organizations :1nd process through the conrradlrorio. a NGOs an Brnzilto human right.s. environ'bost< tltment of democracy•, says mcnt, church groups, and t\'Cn SOm<o jobam. He also argues thot the court govcmmmts around the world fomted an C25CS agaanst Decree 22191 Slalled an the response to the re,•ersal of pohcy on Fedeml Supreme Court w1ll no longer Indigenous lands in Brazil. Samteg1es for have a base now thai the new decree revoking the decree have varied, hut the con~nins this clause: otherwise, all the mn;ority center on directly prcssuring the areas demarcated under decree 2219 I 6nu11ian stnte through leuers, the press. could ha"e been declared unconstitu- faxes, and other similar ntcans. tlon•l. For jobim, the Bnuallan gO\'<:rnintereSIIng. too. has been the route mcnt's •mage will imp!O\-e because they taken by CAPOIS-representing more ~~o,.., ftxed a legal · error· th~t "ill final- than 100 Indigenous groups 1n ly put a stop to the endle.<S demarcauon Bmztl-wluch sent a letter to the World procedures. &nk and the nmbas..<adors of the G-7 However. one of the strongest orgu- coum rl~s ond the European Union merns asainst the new decree, and one requesting the "temporary suspension or ~dopted by a number of leftist politicru resources dCSiined for projecu which ludcrs 1n Brazil, is that h goes :lg.1inst ha,·c among other priorities the demareathe sparit of the Brazil ~an constitution. tion of lndi~nous lands. such os Projelto The Brazilian constnuuon st3!rs that, Terras lndlgtnas. Planaforo, and wnh reg.1rds to tradition3l Indian lands. Prodeagro." Since those funds would hke· 111$lhe duty of the "Umon to dcmnrcate ly fall prey 10 the legal quagm1re winch them. pro· teet lhtm, .m<I nssure counts amongst us members most of 1he we11 known US environmental and pro· Indigenous o rganizations such as National Wildli(e Fedcmtlon. Environmental Defense Fund. Saerrn Club. International Rivers Network, Ratn Forest ACtion Network, Amanalcaa, and SAIIC. The CoalitiOn plans to support the efforts of Broztli•n ind1genous ~nd human rights org.onizations and will ells· cuss funding de\'elopment i>rojects linked to Indigenous areas in Brull "~th multinational agencies. Decree 1775 mUSI be \iewed "ithin the lnrgu conltxt of the long 1em1 plans held by a consonium of gO\-rmmental and pm'!ltt intereSI$ to develop large areas of the Amnzon bosin and other nnt· Art 9 " Nou ckM.-t'QQOics rm cun.o. C\.90 4ecftto bornolopa6tfo o.10 lCTIU ridG objftC) dO ~tuO en;a an4tlo 4rnof:llltjrio ou ~ Soc•noria do Patrimc)nlo ct. IJnliO 4o Mml.dtelo u.m f'nA'Od.it- o. locc~ 1 , .., ot.On•fc:.LUooM, oo. •........._do f .. cto .,. t'". 110 ~ • ~ ....._ • da.'-- 4.a pue,u ;• .s-. ~o. the respeCt of oll of thm resources." Mony atgue that tht new Decree prt\'Cnts thiS basic duty from being fulfilled. "II fnghtens us to ,.,. that the go\'crnmenl intends lO revnaUz.e, wnh 1hc new decree. titles to land tim the consthmion regards as 'null and void,' since they were created centuries ago when the land was clearly Indigenous: says Congressman :olilmarto Miranda (I'TCS1dcnt of the Comm111ce for Human Raghts of rhe Chamber of Depuues). Jobam 1S wasting no ume tn implementing Decree 1775. Soon after the J~1sslng or the decree, he scm lc!!ers to S<:\'cral go,·ernors primarily in the Amoton reg1on listing (or them the areas 10 bt revised in their n:speeti\"t Sl3tts. For tXllmple. In a leuer to the go\'crnor or ParA state dated the lith or January, he liSied 14 lndtgenous are.'\5 up for revision. mcluding two whose combined arc~ is only 58 hect~res. Vol. 10 No.1 Pany and a strongly worded protest leuer signed by 80 environmental and human rights groups scm to President C.rdO!IO from the Coaliuon in Suppon of Amazonian Ptoples and Theu Emironmcnt. • coordinating body b.1sed in Washmgton DC. The leuer exhorts him to r.-'0~ the Decree. The Coahuon promlSCS to ensue from the 1'(\'1$1011 or do:ens of exiotmg Indigenous a!t3$ The CAPOIB documem claims th.1t "SJn<:e it took office over a )'<Or ago. the g<)\'emmcnt or Fernando Hennquc C.rdi>SO has been 1>1111ing In place a delibenue policy or reducuon of indigenous tcrrilorks.• Indigenous organizations are also calling for the cancelation of Gcrm:m funds (S22 million) don:ued to Brazil aftrr tht 1992 Earth Summit for the protcetaon of tropical ramforests (P1Iot Progmm lor the Pro<e<:uon of Trop1cal R.1inforests). Pan of that effort included funds spcciOcally destined for the demar· cmlon ' of Indian Areas. Indigenous groups pomt out that Decree 1775 does not comply \\1th the objecti\'.S or thc grant and they fear that some of lhc fund· ing from Gcrmany could be dl\'t!rted to the te\'151011 of CXtsting areas. Other major efforts agamst the decree include '' motion of unconstilutlonalily put forward by the Brnzllinn Workers ural :1rcas. M wuh thr m3mmoth Hid!0\13 proJ«t (see page 28). and progressi"<l)• mtegr:ue lhc entire reg10n mto the nauorml and mlernational econom1c system. In deOancc of the lnttmatlonnl Decade or Indigenous Peoples declared by the United Nations in 1993. the new decree sets down the foundations for a future of large scale de\'t.lopment ummpeded by Indigenous groups stllking claims to thttr ttaditlonal lands and resources. ..., You can support rhe rfforts of Indigenous !>«>plrs Bra~il b.)' s<ndlng. Ja.<!ng. or· ematllng .)'0<" lmers of procat 11> the jolluwir.g add,.'$$1$. in Frmaru!D Htnrlqut Cardoso. I'Tdldttll of 1M Rtpubltt. Pal<ldo do PlaJ:G.ho, Brwtlia • DF • 70. 160-900. Fax; SS-61-226-i$66. tnuld: pr@cr·df.rnp.br; Nd$0n )obim, Mintsfcr cJ )usll<e, ~!$planada dos Mmisrerios·Bioco T. Bra.<ilia • OF • 70.06-1-900, Fax: 55·61 ·22•1· 2448, errwll: l\)oblm@ax.ap<.org � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Decree 1775: An Attack on Indian Lands in Brazil Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Decree 177S:An Attack onIndian Lands in Brazil Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 18-19 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note The Council of Indigenous Peoples and Organizations of Brazil discuss how Decree 1775 is more than a setback; it 's a death sentence for many Indigenous groups. Attachment Title Pages from Abyayala_v10_n1_p18-19.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Amazonian Peoples Brazil Council of Indigenous Peoples and Organizations of Brazil) Decree 1775 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/fb0b90fee6744d9c0109406d384f69e4.pdf 01fd5e53b121e9475a9af0ecaa07773d PDF Text Text IN BR I E F Peru : Ecological Protection Zone Plan Threatens Indigenous Lands NRENA, the Pemvian National lnstitme of Natural Resources, in concordance wllh article 12 of the Le)' de Tierras (L 1nd Law), has put forth a proposal to create Ecological ProteCtion Zones out of 40.5% of Peru~ Amazon lands. Within these zones. concessions could still be. granted. The rest would eventually become private property. This would be disastrous for Indigenous commtmities. most of which do not have legal title to their land. The proposal, published In the Peruvian newspaper El Peruano, defines Protected Zones as natural are.1S already protected (national parks and reserves). swamps, fragile watersheds. and lands along rivers. More than 31 million I hectares of the Pcnwian Amazon would fall into this <:ate· gory. The NSt. about 46 million hectares. would be classified as Areas Free of Ecological ProteCtion and be administrated by the Ley de Tierras, making it eligible for sale by public auction to private investors. Indigenous groups have already reacted strongly against this project. The Aguanma and Huambisa council fonvartled itS own amendments to the Ley de Tierras to the Ministry of Agriculture. Now, it only remains to see how the Minister of Agriculture, who stated that he ' vas open to recei,•ing the input of all sectors. will react to the national and international pressure. Information received from El Comercio, Uma, m1d the Amazon Coollr!on Women March in Chiapas to Commemorate International Women's Day On international woman\; day, March 8,1996, between five and seven thousand people, mostly Indigenous women, gathered at the Plaza de San Diego and marched to the plaza of the main cathedral in the center of San Crist6bal de las Casas, Chiapas. This march. which coincides ";th the dialogue at San Andr~s Larrainzar between the Mexican Government and the EZLN (Zapatista Army of Natiom\l Liberation). was held to commemorate International Women's Day and was organized· by the Comisi6n de Mujeres Por El 8 de Marzo (The Commission of Women for March 8th) and the Frente Zapatista de Liberaci6n Nacional (Zapatista National Liberation Front, or FZLN). 1'he participants came in caravans from Indigenous communities all over Chiapas, including the Laca.nd6n jun· gle. It was an emotional and inspirational evcm as women, 4 some carrying babies on their backs, and many wearing ski masks, marched through the streets. Some banners denounced the unfair treatment of Indigenous women and demanded equal rights for women , and others announced support for the FZLN and the EZLN. Compiled from reports from Global Ex<lumgt Volunteer'S Honduras: Violence Flares Against Indigenous Communities he Commission for the Defense of Human Rights in Central America (CODEHUCA), has expressed grave concern over the safety and life of Chonfs Indigenous members and leaders, a commlU>ity residing in the depart· ments of Copan and Ocotepeque. Representatives of the Confederation of Autochthonous Peoples of Honduras have reported a series of death threats made against the leaders of the Indigenous Chortfs Council of Honduras (CONICHH) and members of their families. T Particular mention was made of 1he following persons : Antonio Arias, Marfa de jesOs lnteriano, jose Ernesto Suchite. jose Domingo Mejia, Victoriano Ptrez. Natividad Lopez. juan Amador Mtndez, Andrts Ramirez. Estanislao Ramirez and CristObal Pinla. Members of the community have been subjected individually and colleCtively to several attacks including the destruction and burning or their houses. fields and other possessions. These acts have been attributed to caule breeders and land owners in the region who are opposed to the reclaiming of land which the Indigenous population has occuj>ied for over a century. Within this context. on March 2 and 4, 1996. the hous· es and other possessions of seven Indigenous families were burnt and destrO)'Cd. One of the fires also caused the death of the child lsmacl Arias Leon. CODEHUCA remarks that in 1994 the Go,·emmem of Honduras ratlned ILO (International Labor Organization) Convention 169 and in july of the same year also signed a commitment, stipulated with 8 Indigenous at>d Black communities. in order to resolve conflicts over land possession. In spite of this, so far there has been no definith• distribu· e tion of land to the Chortls communities of CopAn and Ocotepeque. The International Secretariat of OMCTISOS-Torture believes that the failure to comply with the obligations mentioned have encouraged the commission of acts consti· tuting grave violations of the right to life and safety of peo· pie. as well as their economic and social rights. Abya Yala News �- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - '1 N_ '--'-' lnfonnation from OMCTISOS-Torwrt Plwe se.nd leiters to Ou: liondumn government expressing yQur concern: S.E Carlos Roberto Reina, Prc:sidente de Ia RepUblica, . Casa Pr;:sldcncial, 6a Avcnida, Ia Call<, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Fax : (504) 34 35 73 Telex : 1129 MMRR H0/1429 HO Guatemala: Government Approves, but Modifies, Convention 169 n March 5, 1996, the Guatemalan Congress uru1ni· mously approved Convention 169 on "Indigenous and Other Tribal and Semi-Tribal Populations in Independent Countries· of the International L1bor Organization (ILO). revised from an earlier version in 1989. Ratification, how· ever. occurred only after the ntling part)' modified the first article of the Con\'ention. The night before the congressional session. hundreds of Mayan people h.~d gathered in front of the Legislative Palace in a vigil for the "new dawning. • Convention 169 was first brought to the Guatemalan Congress in 1992. It wasn1 until 1995 that. under the Presidency of General Efraln Rios Mont. it was once again up £or ratification. At that point it was taken to the Cone de Constitucionalidad (Coun of Constitutionality) to determine if it contntdicted the national constitution of G\latemala. Its constimtionality a. sured. Kaqchikel-Maya s depmy Aura Marina Otzoy of the Guatemalan Republican Front proposed to re-open the dialogue in February of this ye3r. The debates for and against the Convention were intense. Siglo XX! and Prensa Libre, both major Guatemalan national news publications. came om with headlines such as · convention 169 to the Trash Bin!" and "Ratification of Convention 169 Creates Environment of Uncertainty.• The reaction of the private sector wa.s one of cautious apprehen· sion. "11691 might be harmltss to the country. nevertheless in no way does it benefit the interests of Indigenous people." s.1ys the president of the Agriculture Department and the Committee of Commercial. Industrial. and Financial Associations. •... it will on!)• bring chaos to the country." Indigenous organizations. on the other hand. did their best tO ellS\Ire that this favorable piece Of legislation get approved by the national government. COPMAGUA (Coordinator of Mayan Organizations of Guatemala) stated that · with the ratlncation of Convention 169, the Mayan people seek to build a solid and lasting peace in the country... We are calling out to you so that you may realize the necessity of change in this society. that its no longer possible to go on accepting living conditions implanted during O VoL 10No.1 .B R I E F 500 years of sacrifice, pain, despair, indignation, and alienation." Seventy-five deputies were initia1ly presem at the voting session. $eventy•tWO remained at the moment Of deCiSiOn, and voted unanimously for Convention 169. Nevertheless, the governing party (PAN - Party of National Advancement) managed to modify Article 1 of the document, en.s uring that the ratification is being made with the understanding that the dispositions of the nationtll constitution come before those of the Convention. Information p•<>vidcd by Atencio Lopez BRAZIL: Marcio Santilli Resigns from the Presidency of FUNAI O n M3rch 8, 1996. Marcio Santilli, resigned from the presidency of the National Indian Foundation (FUNA!) after 5 months of service. This comes as the agency's fundamental aim of demarcating Indian lands has been undermined by the recent passing of Decree 1775 which allows outsiders to contest the process in a coun of law. After 10 years of documented FUNAI corruption. Santilli was in the midst of attempting a clean up the organization. Many high level decision-making FUNAI authorities have been accused of illegal logging and mining in Indigenous areas as well as having long-standing patronage ties with some local leaders. Where Santilli had identified blatant cases of corruption, he had replaced S(a!f. combating powerful job security laws for the public sector. After the passing of Decree 1775. howe"er, FUNA!'s effectiveness seems to have completely plummeted. Faced with corntption scandals, an outbreak of invasions of Indigenous areas. and police inaction, Santilli resigned. "We owe Mareio Santilli our thanks for his effort to clean up FUNAI. and put it in shape to effectively defend Indian rights in Brazil. But it is now clear that the National Indian Foundation needs radical surgery. not band-aids. if the ddense of Indigenous rights in this government is to move from rhetoric to reality." said Carlos Alberto Ricardo. executive secretaf)' or the lnsfiruco .Socioambitmtal. On March 14. 1996,Julio Gaiger. a lawyer specializing in environmental, agrarian, and Indigenous rights. took office as the third president of FUNAI during Henrique C1rdoso's term. Last year Geiger worked as an auxiliary to the jtasticc Minister and is responsible for the final text of Decree 1775. J,ifonnarion from Environm~mwl DcfenSI! Fund <md Amanaka'a, <1nd rhc lns.rituco Sotioambiental 5 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource In Brief Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title In Brief Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 4-5 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note This journal introductory discusses some of the top stories and events that have taken place throughout Central America. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p4-5.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Brazil Guatemala Government Honduras Violence Indigenous Women's March Peru Ecological Protest https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3ff696192a615ea2ed3774e66d92f021.pdf dc874ddedaf29b8ed7661b24f8f3fff2 PDF Text Text r E~VIRO~MEHT Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project • This project doesn't volue the rivers. the streams. the forests. the fish. the birds. the Indigenous peo· pies. nor life. It only volues the winnings of a few businessmen.· • First Indigenous Encounter of the Paraguay River Basin ndt&cnou; peoplt$ who srand to the nver basms nnd lead to the colo· The Indigenous co.,huons also &IJI· lose their hornes and ltvchhood as nl~auon of neM\>y lnt>ds. "Ot>l)' 20 per· td ahm they were •extremely worried" the re>ult of the ~lidro1•fn tndusuinl cem of lndigcnt>us communiucs an nt the bck of illformauon and evasive waterwny pri>Je<t on the Pomguay· PJraguay ha1t ltgalt!tles 10 th<tr l>nd, n;nu~ of tM go,·ernnu:m3l inStitutes Pam~ river S)'Stcm met In October of and onl> a fmctaon of the..« •~ .ade- urryang oot the proJ«I Th.s con«m 1995 to d1$CUSS the pfOJC<t'S ampact ou quate for >ustaanang a trJdn10nal \\';1$ the ampttus for the formauon of their tradtuonol econonuc-s, and to lifestyle: strts.<o:~ the dtdarolion or the the Rlos Vtvos coalition. rc-grouptng agree on n plan of action against Pnrnguay b:tSm. "The llndlanl tcrrlto· 300 NGOs and Indigenous organlzn· Hidrovla. Nt,.adt, Ayon:o. Angaite, "'~of 1he enure region wlll experience tion; worldWide. In ~cember 1995, Guan~. Guamn1 NandevJ, und Guarani prt<Sures even grtnter than th~ th31 foll0\V1111\ 3 y<ars of pr<$5tnt to achlcvt Ocddrntal represenlatl\'CS from the ~'"" prtSCntl)' due 10 specul.uion on publte p>nicipauon m the Htdrmia Parogua)' •nd Plkom")'O m·er basins the v:llue of l~ntl and ahe esubli~hmtnt pf'()re.s, the lntrr-Gonrnmcnaal me• sepal'l\lcly and came up "1th a of ranching ~nd ngrkulturnlmd~tstties. Commauee on I hdrovl~ (CIIi). made dc1aikd plnn of action agounSI a project 1 he res111t will be more foretd evic- up or the States of J\rgentina. lloll\'lll, which the)' S.')' will spell d•saSter for tions, s•anmg with the rivcnnc popub- Bnull, Pnroguay. and Unaguay 'f«ptcd lhe envuonmenl md rhe (Ommuniucs. tlon.<.• a pml"""l [l'l)m Rlos \'1Vos to provldc The Htdlovfa proJect. WO\lld reqo1~ wtdentng nnd dcepenang the channels of the Paraguay and Pnmn~. South America~ second lnr&est w:11cr S)'Siem. to ttUow <X:<'l!n-going ships access to the pon of Oceres. Bm:ll. 2,100 nules upstre:tm from the ril'cr's tnouth ncar Buenos Ain:s. Under the plnn being studied. the rivers would be channeled. straightened. nlld dredged, with tribu· tarits of the nver blocked ofT and rock owcroppmg. m th~ channd deton:ued. lndagcnnus peoples ond environ· mem.. •lisl5 lllstSI that Hldrovta, nicknamed "I tells Highway." would devas· tate the liver ccOS)'SICms. lndudi11g the Panaan.1l wetland (the lorgesl in the world}, and b)· exu~ns>NI, the tradtllonal cconomat$ of the lndtgc'llous peoples which are based on fishing. In the meetings, lnd•gcnO\IS leaders protested that Hidro11n ahreotens 10 worsen the olread)' pn:e~nous ltvmg standard.< of tlu! people dependent on I 28 Alcyfa Ya'-' Nt.WS �ENVIRONMENT access to all documents from the feasi· bility studies of Hidrovfa. Nevenheless. Hidrovla project in all the Indian languages spoken in area or impact. lastly. CIH continues to state that <::OJ\Struc.. they call for an inrense and constant tion will begin in the next few monlhs. This has fueled doubts b)• tndigcnottS organizations and environmental group~ that the)' will have a meaningful role in the decision-making process. The resolutions of the Paraguay and Pilcoma)'O Indigenous encounte>:S call for the unincation of Indigenous peoples affected by Hidrovfa and the joint preparation and publication of a diag- Indigenous presence in all of the local, regional. national. and international instances where decisions on Hidrovta are being made. ~ Information compil<<l from original documents and from Vllo,-ld Rivers Revtcw (D<cemb<r. /996), tile ncwslellcr of the lntctnational Rl\'ers Networll ORN). For more hifonnmion, conwcr: nostic of the social and environn'lcntal conditions they face. As a counter· example to the official feasibility stud· ies carried out b)' the govemments. the diagnostic would directly involve the leaders of Indigenous communities. Important too is the translation and distribution of in formation on the Coordinadora de Putblos lndlgenas de Ia Cuc11ca del Rio Piicomayo. C.C. 1380. Asu11ct6n-Paraguay: Td: (595-21) 21-427: fax: (595 21) SSQ-451 ; o.- IRN, 1M7 Berkeley Way. Bcrltcley. CA 94703: 14:1: CilO) 848-1155; Fax: (510) 818·1008; Email: im.o'&: WW\V: hup:l/''lo'"'"~im.org. "May We Dream of a Better Future?" A Letter fl'om Indigenous Peoples of t he Pantan al to the International Development Bank The following letter was sent by 180 Indigenous people of the world's largest wetlands. the Meto Grosso Pantanal, to the Inter-american Development Bank. regarding the Bank's support for studies for 1he Paraguay-Param\ Hidrovla industrial waterway, and for the Pantanal project, both of which will have environmental and cultural impacts on the region. end both of which are being designed and implemented without consultation with the traditional inllabitants of the region. Aquidauana. Mato Grosso do Sui. Brazil. January 27. 1996 1/>{e. the Guatos. Terena. Kaiowa. Bororo. Umotina. Pareci ~;~nd Kinikinao are the traditional peoples that the Great Cre<~tor chose to live in and protect this region of the world. Throughout time. our ancestors taught us to live in harmony with the waters. birds. and plants. as a way of giving thanks and nurturing this gift for- our well· being. · With the arrival of the white man came the roads and the railroad. and then came diseases and new customs which were unknown to us. This was the new civilization. IDB is now financing a large-scale project under the pretext of developing the seuthem cone. We know that this project is part of a new re-organization of the world economy. which will truly atte-nd only the ambitions of Vol. 10 No. 1 unscrupulous businessmen. where egotism. nepotism. and political rivalries reign and only the fittest survive. In this context of the decadence of .. modemrty. • we Indigenous peoples were never consider~. and were instead o.nly victimiz~. We were never consult~. but we recommended that this type ef ambition must be halted for the good of humanity. Their money must not disrespect and destroy the homes of our people and ef the Great Creator. Our role is to ser:ve the memooy of our people and of the Great Creator. Our role is to ser:ve the memory of our ancesto•s and of our traditions and to defend the Pantanal. because only in this way can we go forward towards the future in search of a better life. At the First Meetings of Indians of the Pantanal. th.e Indigenous voice asks: Why do they want ~() destroy the natural waterway? Who is going to benefit? Who is going to become rich with this? Up to what point is the IDB aware of the threat of destruction and empoverishment which the large-scale projects bring for our people. We ~;~ppeal to the Bank to be clear and transparent in its proposals. because our villages are worried. Will we be victims? Or may we dream of a better future? For mote information. contact: Rios ViVos Secretariat. Campo Grande. Brazil: tel: 55-6'7· 724-3230: fax: 55-67724-9109: email: ecoabrmspant@ax.apc.org 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 28-29 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note The Hidrovia project would requires a widening and deepening the channels of Paraguay and Panama. Indigenous groups of these areas like the NIvacie, worry about the environmental impacts that this project will have. This article also features a letter from Indigenous Peoples of the Pantanal to the International Development Bank. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p28-29.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Hidrovia Mega-project Nivacie Paraguay River Basin