49 12 1190 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/4d178dfccd29ec37dfd4f16d9f3cad90.pdf 9dab9aeee41104ac9716491ca29b8b6c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (6-7).pdf PDF Text Text (Misiones, Argentina) According to AmerindiaBoletin de las Comunidades Indigenas, seven Guarani families, including 17 children, were forced out of their homes, which were subsequently burned. This atrocity took place in the Port of Iguazu, in the northeastern province of Argentina, bordering on Brazil and Paraguay. Officials from the government's Land and Colonization Department joined police forces in uprooting the families and burning down their homes. The Guarani families were then forced into a truck and abandoned in a barren, rocky area bordering a garbage dump, where they were forced to spend one of the coldest nights of the year. The violent eviction of the Guarani families, none of whom held official title to their ancestral lands, came as a result of a contract between the Misiones provincial government and the Iguazu Company. The contract was for the sale of 500 hectares to the Iguazu Company (at a cost of $400 million). The company is constructing a tourist complex on the land, which is adjacent to the world-famous Iguazu Falls. Piera, and the Popular Ecumenical Action Branch in Misiones were among them. Representatives from many Indian organizations expressed support for their Guarani brothers and sisters. The leader of the Guarani community, Jose Espindola, expressed " ... great sorrow for the seventeen children who were exposed to the extremely low nighttime temperatures as a result of the eviction, as well as for the incredible lack of sensitivity demonstrated by the white men with respect to our culture and lifestyle." People from various organizations expressed their outrage over the evictions and their solidarity with the Guarani families. The Bishop pf Misiones, Joaquin I I (Brazil) The Macuxi and the Wauja of Roraima are threatened with extinction because the policies of FUNAI (the Brazilian Bureau of Indian Affairs) which encourage encroachment on the lands, lives, and properties of Indigenous peoples. Like the Wauja, leaders of the 15,000 surviving savannah Macuxi have for years formally complained about actions of illegal poachers on their lands. They have witnessed FUNAI effectively defending only those who usurp Macuxi and Wauja lands, lives, and property, and that FUNAI policies have precipitated another era of lawlessness in this region of Roraima. Acts of violence have been committed on behalf of poachers and landowners who are sanctioned by complicitous FUNAI/Brazilian laws. These acts include assault, battery, and hundreds of murders. They have been committed against trade union leaders, competing peasants and/ or poachers, as well as Indian people. Two Macuxi Indians from the Jiboia maloca (communal house) of Santa Cruz, in the state of Roraima were killed on June 25, 1990. The two men, 19 year-old Mario Davis and 35 year-old Damiao Mendes, were allegedly murdered by employees of an influential landowner while they were out herding pigs. Their bodies were found on the banks of the Mau River, three 6 kilometers from their house. The Conselho Indigena de Roraima (Indian Council of Roraima - CIR) informed the public of the murders. Earlier in April1990, the CIR petitioned the federal police and state prosecutor to intervene in racist crimes against lives and properties of Indigenous peoples. They requested an impartial investigation of associated lawlessness involving Roraima's police and poachers and landlords. At present, they also demand: (1) that they undertake full and impartial investigation of the recent murders of Mendes and Davis; (2) that they bring the perpetrators to justice; (3) that they publicize all related decisions, findings, and actions in adjudication of these cases in Roraima. Atamai, the principal chief of the Wauja Nation seeks support from international groups and individuals concerning the violation of their sovereignty and human rights, including religious rights through usurpation of their traditional lands, destruction of their homes and property, and thinly veiled threats upon their lives by foreign and domestic poachers acting in collusion with the Brazilian government. This very old land dispute between FUNAI and the Wauja concerns sacred and fertile agricultural land located in the southwestern SAIIC Newsletter �corner of Xingu National Park, south of Batovi and Ulupuene rivers. Atamai accuses FUNAI of the following: (1) the publication of maps which altered the boundary of unceded traditional Wauja lands without the prior consent of the Wauja Nation; (2) failure to rectify initial complaints voiced by Atamai before FUNAI concerning these errors; (3) through omission (e.g., failure to protect rights of the Wauja) and/ or commission via these documents, aiding and abetting subsequent foreign and domestic poachers on Wauja lands; (4) subsequent use of indirect threats on Wauja life and property in its attempt to silence W auja protests concerning land poachers and FUNAI's failure to adjudicate Wauja complaints about land rights; and (5) unlawfully defending the usurpation of Wauja lands which the agency now claims belong to non-Indians under Brazilian law. Atamai states that it is urgent that we now pressure the Brazilian government to ethically adjudicate the Wauja situation before lives are lost on both sides. This situation is critical since racist poachers recently destroyed three W auja houses containing not easily replaceable tools and medical supplies (late summer, 1990). Send letters, Faxes, telegrams, telexes 1) urging that a thorough, prompt and impartial investigation be opened into killings of Damiao Mendes and Mario Davis, that the results be made public, and that those found responsible be brought to justice; 2) urging that a thorough, prompt and impartial invesconcerning the tigation be made of above five accusations, and that justice is carried out in regards to Wauja land claims; 3) respectfully reminding the authorities their duties to offer effective protection through judicial or other means to individuals and/or groups who are in danger of extrajudicial executions, including those who receive death threats.. Send your appeals to: President Collor de Mello Presidencia de Ia Republica, Gabinete Civil Palacio do Planalto, CEP 70150 Brasilia DF BRASIL Sr Bermardo Cabral Ministro da Justica Esplanada dos Ministerios Bloco 23 70.064 Brasilia DF BRAZIL Fax: 011-55-61-224-4357 Telegrams: Ministro Justica Brasilia, BRAZIL Telex: 391 611003 MNJU BR Voi5Nos3&4 I • IS My people, the Yanomami, are dying. When they take the minerals from under the earth, whites do not realize that they are spreading poison throughout the world, and that the world will come to an end, will die.- Davi Yanomami (Brazil) With these words, Yanomami leader Davi Kopenawa describes the tragedy of his people. In the past three years a goldrush has brought 45,000 miners to the state of Roraima, home of the Yanomami Tribe (See SAIIC Newsletter, Vol. 5, Nos. 2 & 3). The mining operations have severely damaged the environment. Mercury residues from the mining operations poison the rivers, killing fish and destroying Yanomami water supplies. Wildlife, essential to the Yanomami diet, is scared away by noise and is decimated by the miners. But most disruptive of all, the new immigrants have brought with them many diseases for which the Yanomami have no immunity. As a result, of the 9,000 Yanomami in the region, as many as 15% have died so far. At this rate, all Yanomami will have disappeared in the next ten years. Last January the Brazilian Government ordered the eviction of the miners, but no real enforcement followed. An estimated 8000 miners remain on Yanomami lands, and more have been returning. Pressured by an international outcry, President Fernando Collor de Mello ordered the bombing of all illegal landing strips, estimated to be about 100, built by the miners, so as to prevent their returning. Since the Presidential decree, only 14 airstrips have been destroyed. Heavy rains have brought any further government operations to a halt while the garimpeiros (gold prospectors) are already recovering the few damaged airstrips. The bad faith of the government and its posturing to hold off criticism are evident by President Collor de Mello's refusal to repeal former President Sarney' s decree that permits miners to enter the 35,000 square miles of Yanomami territory, establishing "three garimpeiro reserves." The decrees are uncon- 7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4 (December 1990) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian People of Roraima Issue Call for Help (Amazon) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 1990 Zotero Title Indian People of Roraima Issue Call for Help (Amazon) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (6-7).pdf Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (6-7).pdf Abstract Note Atamai, the principal chief of the Wauja Nation asks for support from international groups and individuals after countless acts of violence, sanctioned by Brazilian laws, have been committed against them. These acts range from assault and battery to dozens of murders, including the murders of Mario Davis and Damaio Mendes in June of 1990. Issue 3 and 4 Language English Pages 6-7 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 5 Brazilian Bureau of Indian Affairs Damaio Mendes December 1990 FUNAI June 25 1990 Macuxi Mario Davis Murders Roraima Roraima call for help Wauja Wauja Nation https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/28a7c4777526d0d49ec4e2876cf5bb2c.pdf 027474c4e3639414a15b15fa2bb686ee PDF Text Text TN owhor. o Miltito from 1h~ North~m Aut(.WI.OmOUS R~gion ofNiaJrogua. is r C()()rdinor()r()/rh!C~nlrol ill oMSouth Amtrioo Projtdoftht lndiM Law RtS~X~ru Ctfllu. "washlngtM. D.C.; o non·pro/it. n.on·gowm· Nnzol <Jrgoniy;tionlhal hos (()'nSu!Joti~·~ SJOIUS with rAt U.N. &ont>mic and S«ial COWtcil. This ort!'cl~ op~ors in its full ltngrh a/(lflg with footnous ond OM«altdhibliogrophyin rM YoI~ JoumtJI ofIns~rna· ti<Jrlol Low, W'mttr 1993. Volum~ 18. Numbtr I. R(· prinud l'>ith ptrmission. s millions of dollan; poured into envi ronmental organizations during the past decade, hundreds of activists headed for Central and South America tosave threatened animals and to preserve the rain forests. Some activists arrived with naive and romantic notions about vugin forests. They had failed to accept the fact that the forests were already occupied, used, and "'developcd"by Indians. Theenvironmentalistssoon met and were sometilnes confronted by In· dian tribes and nations asscning their ownership of tbe same forests, lands, and resources that tbe environmentalists sought to protect. Envilonmcntal protection plans drawn up in Washington or in Latin American capitals are great!y complicated by the questions and demands of Indian communities. Wbat role should Indians play in decisions to establish a national park or protected area on lands tradi· tionally Indian? Wbo owns and who is entitled to make decisions about the valuable land involved, in proposed debt-for-nature swaps?- How should environmentalists respond to Indian proposals for development initiatives or alternative conservation practices that conflict with their own proposals? Responsible environmentalists must con· 16 S~antly wrestle with these and related questions in their daily work. There is an urgent need for analysis and reform of the relation· ship between Indian rights and environmental protection. They have ilnportant roles to play in the development of principled laws and democratic policies that will both protect tbe fragile environment and guarantee the sur· viva! and development of Indian ponples in the 1990's and the twenty-first century.. Rethinkin~ an Old ~l~lh Aboul the Future of lndhm Proples The first step toward reconciling environmental policies and Indian rights involves facing some long-standing myths about In· dian ponples that have shaped current laws and policies. One such myth-sustained by non-Indians for 500 years-is that Indians arc disappearing ponples. In an 1898 lecture delivered to law students in Washington, D.C., U.S: Supreme Court Justice John Man;baU Harlan said of Native Americans: "(fhe Indian race) is disappearing and probably within the life time of some that arc now hearing me there will be very few in this country. Ina bundred years,youwiU probably not find one anywhere... It is certain as fate that in the cou.rsc of time, there will be nobody on this North American continent but Anglo· Saxons. All Other races are steadily going to the wall. They are diminishing every year.' This myth bas infomted tbe two most infamous Supreme Court decisions in Indian law. One decision upheld the legal authority of Congress unilaterally to abrogate Indian treaties. The other decision declared the plenary power of Congress to impose its lawson Indian tribes and nations. Notwithstanding theswcepingchanges that have taken place in civil rights and human rigbtslawoverthe past decades, neither of these cases has been over· ruled. Although not always stated so candidly, the myth that Indians are disappearingponples underlies policies toward Indians everywhere in the Americas. For example, Mario Vargas Uosa, a prominent Latin American author and 1990 Peruvian presidential candidate articu.lated a modemviewpoint onthe demise of Indians in a 1990 Harper's Magazine cover story. Vargas Uosa did not emphasize the physical disappearance of Indians, but rather Abya Ya l a News �INTEH their inevitable assimilation into lhc domi· nan~ non-Indian cullure: "Perhaps the ideal-that is, lhe preservation of the primitive cullure of America· is a utopia incompatible with Ibis olher and more urgent goal· the establisbment of societies in which social and economic inequalities among citi· zensbereduced to human... lfforeed to choose belween lhe preservation of Indian cullures and !heir complelc assimilation, with great sadness I would chose modernization of the Indian population, because there arc priori· ties; and the fiiSI priority is, Of COU!$0, IO fight hunger and misery... • Although policies toward Indians in lhe Americas rest at least in pall on the view !hat Indians will die out or assimi.late into a superior non-Indian world, the facts stand in st31k conlrast to the mylh of the vanishing Indian. Today tbiny million Indians live in theAmeri· eas, a number roughly equal to the combined populations of Guatemala, Honduras, EISal· vador, Nicaragua, Cosla Rica, and Panama.ln Guatemala and Bolivia, Indians make up lhc clw majority of the population. Indians 31C a significant minority population in almosl every country in the hemisphere, and in many countries they still maintain a large and re· sou rce-ricb land base. Indian nat ions and tribes lhroughouttbe Americas are canrying on the historic struggle for their land, resources, self· government, and cultures. Indian bnd, Indian Res<Jur«S. and Indian De•elopment Indian leadersoonsistentlycitc Indian land rights as their most vital oonccm. Without their land base, lndiansmaybeablctosurvive as individuals in the dominant economy and culture of their non-Indian neighbors, but they will not be able to survive and prosper as distinct peoples with distinct cultures and traditions. Indeed, governments throughout VOl. 7 NO. 3&4 the Americas, led by Europeans and !heir descendants, have sooghtto expropriate, al· lo~ and control Indian land and resources as a means of assimilating Indians. policies such as these make beliefs about the disappearing Indian self-fulfilling prophecies. New laws and policies must fuUy rocog· nize bow Indians view !heir land. Allhough there are differing views among Indian communities, oommon lbemes do exist. Indians genemlly feel a sense of permanence in their land that non-Indians do not share. Noo-Indi· ans tend to be very nomadic, to view land as a commodity to buy and sell, and to have ancestral roots on other oontinents. Generally, Indians bold their land in some form of communal ownership. The idea of private, individual land is ltistorieally unknown in Indian communities and is rare even today. When Indiansspeal< of rights to tbeir terri· tories, they arc referring not only to the land, but also to Oora, fauna, waters, and mineml resources. Indian cultures and religions eel· chrate the close interrelationships that people share with anirruds, plants, and natuml resources. The idea of sustainable development is pall of thecultuml and religious heritage of most Indian peoples. This culluml and reli· gious herilage is very much alive and weU today. As recent studies show, the survival of Indian oommunities and cultures bas oontrib· uted greatly to the survival of some of the world's most biologieally rich environments. II would be a mistake, however, to take too romantic a view. Indians, like all other hu· mans, utilize and develop thei! territories: they plow, plant, barv~ and mine the canh and usc its resources. Some observers argue that Indians with bulldozers and chai nsa~vs will soon be as destructive to their home cnvironmc.ncs as non-Indians arc 10 theirs. Some Indians have already permitted toxic waste dumping, storage of nuclear waste, and other environmentally dangerous practices on their lands, while others arc hotly debating whether to do so. NATIONAL. Nevcnbcless, those Indians willing to sacrifice their homelands are the exception. Most Indian oommunities bave maiola.ined their cultures, homelands, and resources by resist· ing outside forces !hat have attempted for centu.ries to destroy or purchase them. Tbe Indian·regions on maps of Centml America have remained green not because non-Indians left tbe Indians alone, but rather because Indians successfully fought to keep the regions green. Indians and Fmironmcnlalisls Most environmental organizations are based in Nonb America and Europe. Those organizations !hat exist in Latin America arc based in cities among Ladin<ls and are often funded by their North American and European oounterpans. Ind.ians are on the margins of the organized environmental movement Although some environmental groups have established good working relations with In· dian organizations, most relations belween Indians and environmentalists are uncertain and strained. There is even potential for serious conOict. Like human rights workers, academics, and other non-governmental activists, many environmentalists bring with them the bag· gage of their own cultures. They have been raised within tbc framework oflaws and poli· cies that have long oppressed Indians. Because the academic and legal communities have not yet given prominent attention to the issue of Indian rights, most environmentalists remain unfamiliar with tbe history of Indian land disputes. lflcadinghuman rightsorgani· zations write repons about Guatemala and Bolivia without even mentioning that the In· dians of those oountries are majority popula· tions subjected to minority rule, it is not surprising that many environmentalists are not sensitive to Indian concerns. For instance, during a 1988 oonferenee belween environ· mentalists and representatives ofCOICA, the 17 �~-~> .• . r. ..-:-~- ·. .. .~ Amazonian Indian coordinating group, an exchange occuned about debt-for-nature swaps- A COICA leader explained that tbe debt involved was not Indian debt, while tbe "nat\lre· in,'Oived was Indian Ltnd that Indians had not agteed to tJade for anything. Another diSturbing trend involves attempcs by mineral development corpor.uions, hazardous waste disposal companies, lumber companies, and othe~ to pass out favo~ in Indian communities to buy support for their projectS- Governments have long used this approach. More recently, environmental groups have sought support for tbeir projects tluough similar steps- By gaining tbe backing of some mem~ or an Indian community, outside~ ean createtbe appearance that Indians were actually involved in the decision· making proc<SS and that the whole Indian community approves. There is danger that these divide-and-<:onquer tactics will seriously hann Indian communities, undennine Jegjtim:lte Indian leadership, and gtnerate a baddasb againSt environmental projed:l that may be seen as manipulative or c:oloaialisl. Nevertbeless,someeffcctive alliances have devtloped to promote both environmental pr<Mcction and Indian rights. In Brazil, the Yanomamilost nearly onc-fiftboftheir population when gold-miners invaded and poisoned their lands in the late 80's. In the ate 1970's., the Indian Law Research Center filed a human rightscomplaint with tbe Inter-American Commission on Human Rights demanding legal demareatiooofthe Yanomuni terri- 18 meetings arc now omong the most vital and well auendcd of all U.N. human rights activities. Human rights experts who previously focused exclusively on the rights of individuals oow support pr<Mcction of tbe group rights of Indian communities. In J9S9, the International Labour O.g;anizalion (!LO) approved a new convenlion on tbe rights or Jndigtnous peoples requiring Indian participation in all matters concerning develapmentoftheir land and resources. Also in J9S9,tbe Organization of American States (OAS} began its own law rcfonn to prepare a new judicial instrumenttosecuretbe rights of Jndigtnous peoples. Indian rights advocates bope that better legal guarantees at tbe international level will prompc national governmentS to provide better legal protection fOt Indian rights. Indians tluoughouttbe Americas are fighting for their rights in national couns., national legislative bodies, and conslitutional conventions result~ ing in rapid changes such a~ Brazil's new constitution which supports Indian rights and in bottom-up environmenl31 protcclion the demarcation of Yanomami land. g project in a Central American Indian area. tory and expulsion of outsiders. Environmental and human rights groups joined with Indiangroups to placccffcctive andoverwhclmingpcessureon Brazil's President to expel the miners and demarcate 22.5 million acres of anc::esua1 Yanomami land in 1991. The deman:ation process has oow begun. A numbe< of non governmental organizations have agteed to monitor implementation of Brazil's new Indian Jaws and policies. [Significant changes have taken place regarding this matter. See article pg. 23) On Nicaragua's Miskito Coa.~t. Miskito communities helped develop a government program to expel resource pirates from a marineandcoastalenvitooJntnt rich in turtles, shrimp, lobster, and fJSb. The project trains Miskitos to managtand polioe!bearea themselves. It was initiated not in board rooms in Washington or in government offices in Ma~gua, but in a series of meetings beld in Miskito communities along theCo..st. Environmental groups bave actively and financially supported every phase of this pioneer- ("ondu,ion DeH•Iopin~ a Sound lk~al Fr.tnW\\ork for Indian Rij!ht' and I he En, ironment Environmentalists and Indian.~ must not merely critique Jaws and policies to secure the bealth of Indian communities and their environments. The groups must develop a sound, international legal framework to replace myths and arbitrnry govemme nt power. Fonunately, the effort to develop a sound international legal framework for Indian rights is well underway. For the paSt 15 ye;m, Indians have worked within tbe human rights system of the U.N.to develop Indian rights pcotections. The U.N. Working Group on Indigenous Populations, has been meeting for ten yc~ and will soon rclta.~ the final draft of a proposed declarotion on tbe rights of Indigenous Peoples. Within the U.N. human rights system, tbe issue of lndia.n rights has moved in one decade from tbe fringt to the mainStream. The annual Working Group The protection of human rights and tbe environment requires a truly international legal order based on democratic principles. NonIndians must reject the myths and imperialism that have shapod Jaws and policies toward Indians in tbe Americas thus far. Govcmments must respect democratic decision making with Indianconununities and must ensure that relations between Indians and tbeir neighbors are based on agreement rather than on domination. Indians, 1101 outsiders, will beSt gtn•ern Indian land and resour=. Although Indian communiti"'- like all others, have difficult decisions to make about their development, if Indian.~ are permitted to chart their own future they wiU continue to serve not only themselves., but also the global environment. Workingtogetberasequals, Jndiancommunities and the rest of the wo~d can share important lessons about how beSt to pcovide for all future gtncntions. Aby a Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Rights and the Environment Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Armstrong Wiggins Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indian Rights and the Environment Item Type Journal Article Author Armstrong Wiggins Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 16-18 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note The myth that Indians are disappearing from the world has led to policies and laws that are destroying the environment that is pivotal to the prosperity of Indians. The recent rise in environmentalism has led to a focus on restoring the land that is home to many Indians. This might seem to preserve the Indians way of life, but with the lack of coordination among environmentalists and Indians, some Indians see further encroachment on their land rights. This explores the relationship between environmentalists' protection of the land and Indians' interest in maintaining their land rights. Attachment Title Indian_Rights_And_The_Environment.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] COICA Environmentalism Indigenous Rights Miskito Yanomami https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/24b06d659b4e3acf7be8885eca0ee450.pdf a0665366fcb16f92ffc6d276f1754d89 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 3, No. 3 (13).pdf PDF Text Text COLOMBIA Indian Struggle For Land In Cauca Intensifies The Colombian government has declared the department of Cauca a "zone of national rehabilitation," a term used to designate areas where special measures must be taken as a result of human actions or natural events. In Cauca, the "disaster" that has occurred is increasing social tension caused by the old problem of land. The Cauca is the only department in Colombia where the majority of the population is Indian, but the region has long been controlled politically and economically by a coalition of landlords and a conservative Roman Catholic church. The power elite was shocked in the early 1970's by the creation of the Cauca Regional Indian Council (CRIC), which is among the most successful grassroots political organizations in Colombia in recent years. CRIC has been central to the struggle of Indian people throughout Colombia. It was a key contributor to the creation of the National Indian Organization of Colombia (ONIC) in 1980, which includes 18 regional federations representing 75 per cent of the Indian population of the country. Each organization publishes its own newspaper, and the 10-year-old Unidad Ind{gena, formerly published by CRIC, is now the official publication of ONIC. Unidad Alvaro Ulcue, CRIC's current newspaper, is named in honor of the only Indian to become a priest in Colombia. He was killed two years ago as a result of his participation in the Indian struggle. Although Indian people have been expelled from their land and forced to integrate into non-Indian society for centuries, the formation of regional and national Indian organizations has meant that the "Indian conflict" has been forced onto the government's agenda of major problems. The situation is complicated by the armed struggled being waged between government forces and non-Indian guerrillas. Vol. 3, No.3. Summer, 1987 An editorial in the CRIC newspaper in November, 1986, states that "the guerrilla groups have declared war from Indian territory on the current government." CRIC condemns this development because of its negative social and political consequences for Indian people. Indian organizations reject the militaristic solution which has been proposed by, among others, former president Carlos Lleras Restrepo, who recently called for the organization of patrols by military veterans in the countryside. This would result in the institutionalization of para-military organizations which have been responsible for murder and destruction in the area. Faced by two armies, ONIC adopted a neutral position at its national congress last year, but from an editorial in a fall, 1986, issue of Unidad Alvaro Ulcue, it seems that CRIC is more inclined to support the government initiative as the best way to maintain the autonomy of Indian organizations and to defend Indian land. Page 13 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 3, No. 3 (Summer 1987) Zotero Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Struggle For land In Cauca Intensifies (Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1987 Zotero Title Indian Struggle For land In Cauca Intensifies (Colombia) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 3, No. 3 (13).pdf Issue 3 Language English Pages 13 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 3 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/db0ddc49b54388ee88c06daf83fc7340.pdf 8e14bd54d8fdded22ce263c47d047729 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (36).pdf PDF Text Text the government with proposals for peaceful solutions to the crisis. Yet the government refused to negotiate. The Indians who laid down arms and left the treatment center will be brought before a Quebec judge who will determine whether charges will be lodged against any of them. Mohawks who had been previously arrested came out of jail covered with cigarettes bums. At the sight of burned chests, Canadian judges threw the cases out of court. Mohawk active resistance to land usurpation comes as a response to repeated and recent losses: they have lost more land since 1950 than in the previous 100 years. Their land has been purchased by the Government and developed with bridges (including the Mercier) and hydroelectric power plants that provide cheap energy to industry. This has meant environmental degradation, as the heavy industry discharges pollutants into nearby rivers, making both farming and fishing unsafe for the Mohawks living on the Kahnawake and Akwesasne reserves. Thus, Indian's revendications have moved to the larger and present issue of selfdetermination and the general question of lands rights: over 570 aboriginal land claims, covering more than 1/2 of the Canada land mass, still await settlement. The Government now has a policy of negotiating no more than six claims at a time and made vague promises toaccelerae the process. Yet particularly clear and rigid is the Government position on native self-determination. Prime Minister Brian Mulroney declared: "Native selfgovernment does not now and cannot ever mean sovereign independence." The Mohawk Nation is asking people to write to Prime Minister Brian Mulroney in their support: Prime Minister Brian Mulroney House of Commons Ottawa, Ontario CANADA K1 A OA6 Fax: (613) 995-1686 For more information about the Mohawk situation, contact: Mohawk Nation Defense Fund PO Box 1987 Kahnawake, Qubec CANADA JOL 1BO 36 I I I SAIIC received the following from the Student Alliance of North American Indians. We at SAIIC wish to express our solidarity with their views. We, the members of the Student Alliance of North American Indians (SANAI), oppose the war in Iraq. We oppose all acts of aggression inflicted upon Indigenous peoples, and upon all peoples of the world ... The government which is now killing the peoples of Iraq, and risking the lives of millions throughout the world, is the same government which has been killing and oppressing the Indigenous peoples of the Americas for 500 years. The government and people of the United States took American Indian tribal land by force and trickery, and have never fulfilled their promises to the tribes. The government and the people of the United States have tried to marginalize American Indian peoples, and ignore our pleas for justice, but when the Army wants bodies for the frontline, we are expected to die first. Second-rate citizens, but first-class cannon fodder. . Throughout our history, we've served, both voluntarily and involuntarily, in every war in which this country has been involved. Yet, the United States continually fails to serve the needs of American Indians in education, in housing, in health care, and basic human rights. Tribal lands have a long history of being exploited. This exploitation will be intensified because of the need for natural resources. The government and multinational corporations threaten the future of our tribal homelands and the balance of the world ... We owe no debt of allegiance to the government. SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4 (December 1990) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Student Alliance Denounces US Agression in Middle East (North America) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indian Student Alliance Denounces US Agression in Middle East (North America) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (36).pdf https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/c3d554586ef7762fa11bafe1d34d953f.pdf 4bea9f5d491eb26b0da6140a6582b444 PDF Text Text brings poverty to the majority and takes from us our feeling for life, which is the most important thing there is. Organizations are not made for us. They must be created. Begin with your home. At home we have trust. Trust is the seed. In Otavalo Community Mariana Chuquin, a Quichua Indian from Otavalo, Ecuador, who is visiting in San Francisco, recently made the following comments on education in her community: For those of us living in rural communities, it's very hard to educate our children. It is important to us that there is good bi-lingual education that strengthens our culture and communities. But many children are needed in the family's effort to survive economically, so they can't attend school. And the government gives very little support to education in rural communities. Most children don't go beyond the fourth grade. In my community, Mariano Acosta, it is the community itself and the school teacher who work together to make an education possible for our children. The community organizes mingas (community work groups) to construct roads, the school building, and other community buildings. Sometimes we have to use our imagination to make educational equipment and materials. Every week we organize in mingas to improve our community, to continue forward each day for the future of our children. lnd Voters Major Factor In Elections The greatly increased political organization of Indian communities was cited as a major factor in the overwhelming rejection June 1 of a constitutional referendum proposed by Ecuador's conservative government, according to Juan Aulestia, Oxfam America program representative for South America. Speaking at a meeting jointly sponsored by SAIIC and Oxfam America in Berkeley on June 19, Juan said that the growing realization among Indian communities that they can be a majority of the electorate was one of the most impressive developments he observed during a recent trip to Ecuador, which is his native country. Juan said that the conservative government of President Le6n Febres Cordero has moved to undermine Indian political organizations by renewing government support for the Summer Institute of Linguistics, an evangelical organization ordered to leave Ecuador by a previous government under pressure from Indian / \' \ ) /' groups. The government has also created "ghost" organizations which it claims ':\) /y/"i~ I'""' represent Indian interests as a means of spreading disunity in Indian communities. \ Vol. 2, no. 4. Summer, 1986. Page 9 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 4 (Summer 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Voters Major Factor in Elections (Ecuador) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1986 Zotero Title Indian Voters Major Factor in Elections (Ecuador) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 4 (9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 4 Volume 2 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Language English https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/abe0132eb1dbc6a7af45891a101e7d32.pdf 275a44b87add8f6f001ba86ce04c491a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (37-39).pdf PDF Text Text I ... in the eye of wintry storms, In the teeth of howling blizzards, Sami kinship spreads its warm embrace; Moonlight guides the wayfarer, Under flows of flashing northern lights; ... - Sami National Anthem Indian women from the four corners of the world gathered in the land of the Sami people last summer to share experiences and plan strategies for developing an international grassroots organization. The meeting was hosted by Srirrihklai, the Sami Women's organization. As a result of this meeting, a decision was made to develop an International Indigenous Women's Organization with an egalitarian structure to promote the participation of Indigenous women in decision-making processes. Several meetings will be held in the coming months to develop an organizational structure based on our traditional forms of community administration. At the same time, efforts are being made to notify Indian women throughout the world of our plans and to invite them to participate. The next International Conference is scheduled for October, 1992. A South and Central American Indian Women's Conference will be taking place in Lima, Peru in March, 1991 and hosted by AIDESEP (Association of Indian Organizations of the Peruvian Amazon) and COICA. This will be a historic meeting since it will be the first time a conference of South and Central American Indian women is held. Our sisters from the participating organizations have requested financial support to make their grassroots organizing efforts a reality. r------------------------------------, We urge you to respond to this request by sending contributions to: Indian Women's Grassroot Movement Tides Foundation c/o SAIIC Box 28703 Oakland, CA 94604 Following is the Declaration of Karasjohka: We, Indigenous women from 19 countries have come together on August 5-9,1990 in Karasjohka, Samiland (Norway), to collectively share our VoiS Nos3&L1 37 �Indian women of the world meeting in the Land of the Reindeer. socio-economic, cultural, political and spiritual situations, experiences and needs. We come from various parts of the world and are aware of our diversity, but we are here because we believe that we also have common grounds for unity and action. We heard the testimonies of our Indigenous sisters on issues related to the global environmental crisis, the effects of exploitation of our ancestral territories and natural resources on our lives as women, the impact of militarization and nuclearization and presence of foreign military bases on our lands and seas. We tried to understand how powerful nations and governments have imposed state laws on us which have institutionalized our discrimination and repression and facilitated the rape of our lands. We have realized that our continuing marginalization and oppression as Indigenous women are results of colonization, the setting up of powerful nations of neocolonies to ensure their economic, political, cultural and military stranglehold over supposedly sovereign nations and the insatiable greed of multinational corporations to accumulate profits. We were also made aware that patriarchal systems have been imposed on us by such oppressive structures to further ensure the division between the people and assure the continued domination of these powerful nations and multinational corporations. We are alarmed by the continuing number of Indigenous women and children being victimized by military operations in the guise of anti-communism, as shared with us by our sisters in Central and South America and in Asia. The number of Indigenous women being raped, sexually abused, tortured, arbitrarily arrested, and widowed have been increasing since the United States Government has launched low-intensity warfare on various South and Central American, and Asian nations which have national liberation movements. The rapid degradation of the environment of our ancestral homelands has caused irreparable damage to our lives and lands and we have come up with regional workshop resolutions which address problems related to this. We grieve over what is happening to Mother Earth, and we share in the pain of our sisters who have been dehumanized by militarization, who have been compromised because of tourism and the debt crisis, and those who have to suffer from incurable diseases, carry toxins in their breast milk, and give birth to deformed or mutilated babies because of nuclear radiation and toxic waste dumping. We are strengthened by our sisters who refuse to be immobilized in spite of their dehumanizing situations. We are inspired by the courage, the steadfastness, determination and the commitment of our Indigenous sisters who continue working for a transformed society, SAIIC Nevvsletter 38 .' �where oppression due to race, class, gender, and nationality" will no longer exist. We believe that the formation of an international network of Indigenous women will help further our struggles to be liberated from all forms of oppression. This network should always ensure that Indigenous women from the grassroots level have representation in decision-making bodies and general assemblies. We will carry out our responsibility in sharing what has transpired in this conference with the rest of our sisters whoare not here with us and we will strive to continue expanding the linkages among ourselves regionally and globally. We affirm our commitment to empowering ourselves through sustained education, setting up more Indigenous women's organizations and working out development and action programs which are sensitive and responsive to the needs and demands of the majority. We are in solidarity with our sisters from the Americas who are going to celebrate the 500 Years of Indian Resistance to colonization and we look forward to joining with them in their celebrations. (;Oinfe:rerace Resistance The 1992 Bay Area Regional Indian Alliance is coordinating an All-Native Conference to plan and coordinate 1992 Year of Indigenous Peoples activities. The conference is an important North American follow-up to the July 1990 international gathering in Quito, Ecuador and the October 1990 meeting in Minneapolis. The gathering will be held Friday through Sunday, March 22-24, 1991 at DQ University, a private, fully accredited Indian-sanctioned college, located 8 miles west of Davis, California. Papers, draft statements, action plans, recommendations, or suggestions should be submitted by March 18, 1991. Delegates from Indian organizations planning 500 Years activities as well as interested Indian people from the US and Canada are invited. If you are planning to attend, be sure to contact the coordinators as soon as possible. I The Sixth Nuclear-Free and Independent Pacific Conference (NFIP) was held November 1-7, 1990 in Waiuku, Pawarenga, Aotearoa (New Zealand). The following is a statement made on the 500 Years of Indian Resistance in their resolutions: .. .Indigenous Peoples still have a responsibility as caretakers of the land and all life-circles. These lifecircles are threatened by the acceleration of the patterns of destruction initiated in 1492. The Quincentennial is an unprecedented opportunity for the voice of the people to be heard, and to support each other with a united vision of a healthy environment, healthy lives, and freedom to live the way of life given by the Creator, in balance with the natural world. Therefore, the Sixth NFIP Conference, meeting in Waiuku, Pawarenga, Aotearoa during the 1-7 November, 1990: 1) agrees to hold support actions on October 12, 1992 to celebrate the survival of Indigenous peoples, 2) agrees not to buy anything (accept in emergency situations) for one day, October 13th, 1992, in support of an International Indigenous Campaign, 3) declares 1992 to be "The Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. For more information on the NFIP, can contact: Pacific Concerns Resource Centre PO Box 9295 Newmarket Auckland, AOTEAROA (New Zealand) Tel: 09-375-862 For more information contact: All Native Conference DQ University PO Box 409 Davis, California 95617 Telephone: (916) 758-0470 Voi5Nos3&4 39 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4 (December 1990) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian Women of the World Meet in the Land of the Reindeer People Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indian Women of the World Meet in the Land of the Reindeer People Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 5, Nos. 3 _ 4 (37-39).pdf https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/df21f56fa8dfce102cc6c4b49cec1d57 e54ca3fcdd6e63c82ad57dd4ba471313 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 4 (21).pdf PDF Text Text SELF DETERMINATION ~=--~"'---~~~- I tion confirmed, Ecuador's marginalized would no longer countenance exclusionary elite politics. Earlier this year, a massive popular demonstration on February 5 forced the impeachment of former-President Abdala Bucaram and demanded fundamental changes to the workings of the Ecuadorian state. Central to the February "Popular Mandate" was the call for a National Constituent Assembly charged with re-writing the Ecuadorian Constitution. In late July, however, President Alarcon together with conservative congressmen decreed that the National Constituent Assembly must be postponed for another year. rriba, abajo, el pueblo, carajo! Izquierda, dercha, el gobierno a la mierda!" (March chant, Quito, August 12, 1997). At dawn on August 11, 1997, thousands of Indigenous and campesino woman and men dug ditches and hauled trees across Ecuador's major roads. The coordinated uprising halted transport for 48 hours and sent a forceful message to President Fabian Alarcon of the power of popular conviction. Demonstrators felt ridiculed by recent state decisions that scorned their interests. As the paralyza- Indigenous and peasant groups rejected the audacity of such a state edict. Through unprecedented popular support, the February "Mandate" asserted citizens' rights to condemn corrupt rule. The August 1997 protest further substantiated that right and denounced the government's contempt for the February popular fiat. As the president of CONAIE (Confederacion de N acionalidades Indigenas del Ecuador), Antonio Vargas, noted Indian and peasant organizations were the only representative bodies capable "of generating true democratic debate"; no political regime could dismiss this authority August's road blocks interrupted commerce and travel throughout the country The military's presence was strong, leading to sporadic confrontations. In Azuay Province, an angry trucker ran a blockade injuring three protesters. On the principle highway north of Quito, soldiers intimidated protesters and repeatedly shot tear-gas into demonstrating crowds. Despite considerable risk, a group of peasant women explained that they were fighting against "the economic measures that made life only more and more difficult": rising commodity and health care costs, inflationary credit, soaring rural debt. "Only like this, united together," one woman interjected "can we move forward." The presence of a huge CONAIE banner intimated deeper meaning of this campesina's words: "united together" as Indians and peasants, protesters could hold their ground. Indeed, a growing indigenous-peasant coalition throughout the 1990's proved the effectiveness of Vol. 10 No.4 A N D TERRITORY popular resistance. Conservative politicians characterized the August mobilization as "violent" and "destructive." Popular leaders insisted, however, that the paralyzation was the only means at their disposal for confronting "an antidemocratic, exclusionary; and authoritarian" regime. Like earlier Indigenous uprisings in Ecuador this decade~ May 1990 (5 days) and June 1994 (10 days)- the August 1997 protest challenged neo-liberal economic reforms. In addition to the Constituent Assembly, the paralyzation demanded the congressional ratification of ILO Convention 169 and denounced government plans to privatize the peasant social security agency and areas deemed economically strategic for the functioning of the state: telephones, electricity, and the state petroleum industry In particular, the August mobilization sought to further a long-standing struggle to construct a new democratic order in Ecuador. On August 12th, 500 demonstrators in Quito staged a wake and funeral procession for the February 1997 "Popular Mandate." Solemnly clothed men bearing a massive casket lead the procession through city streets. Behind them followed chanting protesters carrying banners and brilliantly colored wreathes. Protesters' mock mourning symbolized their repudiation of the government's decree to defer the National Constituent Assembly; the funereal rite gave witness to this "betrayal"~ the figurative killing of the Constituent Assembly Ending their procession outside the National Congress, protesters set the Popular Mandate casket ablaze. "So burn the stratagems of an antiquated political class," bellowed an Indian leader: "so burn attempts to scorn the Popular Mandate. Let us seize this opportunity to construct a new democracy" Many obstacles still threaten such efforts. As Luis Macas, an Indigenous congressman and former CONAIE president, observed, little has changed since Abdala Bucaram's ousting; "elite leaders continue to deceive the citizens and exacerbate economic misery" A new Constituent Assembly is slated for December 1997. ~ For further information please contact: Susana Sawyer, smsawyer@ucdavis.edu, or Antonio Vargas, President of CONAIE, conaie@ecunex. ec 21 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, No. 4 (Fall 1997) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indian-Peasant Protest for a New Democratic Order: Ecuador Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1997 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indian-Peasant Protest for a New Democratic Order: Ecuador Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 10, no. 4 (21).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 4 Language English Publication Title Abya Yala News Volume 10 Abstract Note The postponement of a National Constituent Assembly by the Ecuadorian government has elicited massive demonstrations from indigenous and campesino groups. Pages 21 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/ce468c8e0416545545f8e7f144bfbe7e.pdf 16f55805e89e3bf66040de4059fb8aaf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 3, No. 3 (11).pdf PDF Text Text Vol. 3, No.3. Summer, 1987 Page 11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 3, No. 3 (Summer 1987) Zotero Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indianismo! (Peru) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1987 Zotero Title Indianismo! (Peru) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 3, No. 3 (11).pdf Issue 3 Language English Pages 11 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 3 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/6bcb83b8a0bdd2db7f980d3fb0437add.pdf 1c500ed2807607faf4fde551e6010ff9 PDF Text Text 1ans ng Brothers and Sisters, I have to write this poem because of the pain in my heart for the deaths of thousands upon thousands of Indian people in Guatemala in El Salvador in Honduras at the hands of murderers (don't we know them well) trained armed supported and directly aided by the United States government! And now, the Reagan/CIA/Pentagon is planning the invasion and destruction of Nicaragua using Somoza thugs rapists and torturers thrown out of the country to plunder once again! ore Deaths This poem requires an answer. What will you do? Can you write letters to senators and representatives? Can you get a resolution from your tribal council? Can you get your tribe to protect its young men from the draft? Can you demonstrate? These are Indians who are dying, Can't you hear their cries? Tens of thousands are refugees in Mexico. Can't you feel their sorrow? This poem requires an answer. What will you do? The Indian wars are not over. Reagan's "west" has just gone "south." -Jack D. Forbes (Powhatan-Renape and Delaware-Lenape) I guess it's a test for us too, a moment of truth. Do we care? Do we care about Indians "south of the border"? Each day hundreds of our brothers and sisters are murdered. Do we care? Each day the Pentagon moves closer to the invasion to the assault upon Nicaragua. Do we care? Vol. 3, no. 1. Fall, 1986. Page 17 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 3, No. 1 (Fall 1986) Zotero Language English Issue 1 Volume 3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indians are Dying and More Deaths are Planned (Poem) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1986 Zotero Title Indians are Dying and More Deaths are Planned (Poem) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 3, no. 1 (17).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Issue 1 Volume 3 Language English Pages 17 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7a5a1ad1ce09fd1b5f4daaf4bb18f5e8.pdf 8fb7d870d706de2b3fdf489f5a70e02b PDF Text Text reasons are the same-expansionism, dominance of one group over another, land, natural resources, greed. And, our country, the United States, is not an innocent bystander. It was no doubt U.S. bullets that fired that night on the river for that area is full of anti-Sandinista rebels, often all lumped together under the name "contras." The war in Nicaragua is complex. It is not simple like our country would like us to believe. It's not good guys versus bad guys. That night on the river when my foremost thoughts were of my homeland, that identity is not dissimilar to that of the Miskitus, Sumos, and Ramas of the Atlantic Coast. They are fighting for their homeland-their identity. Since returning from Central America, Angela, who is a social worker, has looked for ways to lend support to Indians in Central America. She writes, "In October, 1985, the National Indian Social Workers meeting in Tulsa, Oklahoma, passed a resolution condemning the genocidal policies against the Indian peoples in Guatemala and calling for a forum to discuss the situation in an effort to seek ways to end this oppression, and to raise the issue in the United States." For more information on the Guatemalan forum, contact Angela Russell, Box 333, Lodge Grass, MT 59050. COLOMBIA Indians Caught Up In Climate Of ar In Colombia, with a population of 28 million people, there are 1.2 million Indians who speak more than 130 different languages. In the 1970s, as was occurring in many indigenous areas in South America, an organization was founded in the Cauca Valley called the Cauca Regional Indian Council (CRIC). CRIC was born out of the need for indigenous people to confront the continuous repression placed on them by large landowners who take indigenous lands and force Indian people to pay rent. Inspired by Manuel Quintin Lame, an Indian leader who was killed at the turn of the century for defending Indian land, CRIC began to take back land and stop paying rent. This was very successful, but the large landowners responded by employing mercenaries (called pdjaros or birds) who have killed over - 100 Indians. At the same time, with antigovernment guerrilla activities increasing in Colombia, especially in the Cauca area, which is mountainous, the Colombian army has become very repressive toward Indian people. Many have been jailed, some for as long as one year, as they await trial. Usually there is no case against them and, under international pressure, most are eventually set free. Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 Page7 �At the end of the 1970's, President Turbay Ayala tried to do away with collective ownership of Indian communities by proclaiming the Indian Statute, which dissolved the cabildos, the traditional Indian community organizations. All the communities rejected this decree and decided to hold the First National Indian Gathering in October, 1980. During this meeting the National Indigenous Coordinator was founded with the goal of planning the first national Indian congress. This congress was held in Bogota in February of 1982. There were over 2,000 Indian delegates present who represented 20 regional councils from all around the country. During the congress the National Indian Organization of Colombia (ONIC) was founded with headquarters in Bogota. ONIC's program is: 1. The defense of Indian autonomy and history. 2. The defense of culture and Indian traditions. 3. Bilingual/bicultural education under direct control of Indian organizations. 4. Promotion of health and traditional medicine. 5. Support of community economic organizations and return of Indian lands that have been seized. At present in Colombia there is a climate of war between the government and guerrilla forces. The army has occupied the Cauca region and the air force is continuously bombing. Animals have been killed, crops have been destroyed, and numerous Indians have fled to the cities, where they are homeless. Various guerrilla groups control different areas of Colombia and force Indians to join them. Javier Delgado, one of the ex-chiefs of the guerrilla group Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces, ordered the death of dozens of indigenous small farmers in the Cauca region during the first week of February, 1986. He accused them of collaborating with the government armed forces. The killings were witnessed by reporters from French television who had been invited by Delegado. The French cameramen refused to film and returned to Bogota to denounce the massacre. ONIC Publication Celebrates Tenth Anniversary The second ONIC congress in February of this year coincided with the tenth anniversary of the magazine Unidad Indigena (Indian Unity), the official publication of ONIC and CRIC. In its anniversary issue, Unidad Indigena states, "We see the need to have our own paper because often articles and books appear about us, but it is not our voice that speaks. In our paper, we see ourselves as we really are, men, women, and children with our own dignity, our own languages, and our own beliefs." (Reproduced from Como Nos Organizamos, published by CRIC, Nov., 1983.) Vol. 2, no. 3. Spring, 1986. Published quarterly by SAIIC © 1986 PageS � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 2, No. 3 (Spring 1986) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indians Caught up in Climate of War (Colombia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1986 Zotero Title Indians Caught up in Climate of War (Colombia) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 2, no. 3 (7-8).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Inspired by Manuel Quintin Lame, an Indian leader who was killed at the turn of the century for defending Indian land, CRIC began to take back land and stop paying rent. Issue 3 Language English Pages 7-8 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter Volume 2 Cauca Colombia Manuel Quintin Lame https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/7c0af083aaeb093c503225d19f0f4b02.pdf 2bf72d80571a59be6ac7ce2b5a5da304 PDF Text Text Page 8 U.S. GOVERNMENT FUNDS SPRAYING OF DANGEROUS CHEMICALS A Guatemalan government program of aerial spraying of pesticides and defoliants is taking a fatal toll in Indigenous communities. Among the pesticides used is one containing ethylene dibromide (EDB), banned in the U.S. since 1984 due to its properties as a potential cancer-causing agent. According to Surv:ival International, 14 Indian campesinos, including two children, have died from drinking contaminated water. The spraying program has generated controversy. The government says spraying is taking place to destroy plantations of marijuana and opium poppies (though some highland areas are too cold for either to grow) and to .control the northward spread of the "medfly" which damages fruit crops. Opponents say the use of defoliants and pesticides is part of a Vietnam-style strategy to terrorize the Indian population, and is concentrated in areas where guerrilla activity is strongest. FOR MORE INFORMATION: Guatemala News and Information Bureau, P.O. Box 28594, Oakland, CA 94604. l I;L _S_~l::_VA_RQ...;...;.ROIIII!II'III INDIANS DEFY MILITARY, HOLD MEETING From December 18th to 21st, the National Association of Salvadorean Indians (ANIS), held its World Indigenous Festival and Cultural and Spiritual Symposium in the war-torn country, despite harassment by the Salvadorean military. According to ANIS, the indigenous peoples' organization had negotiated with both the army and the guerrillas prior to the meeting to ensure that Native representatives would not be impeded from travelling to the meeting site in Perquin, Morazan province. Though the guerrillas withdrew from the area, the army violated its agreement "to not have any armed presence in or near Perquin in order to avoid any civilian casualties," according to ANIS. Instead, the Armed Forces set up road blocks at three-kilometer intervals and harassed those arriving for the conference. For this reason, the meeting was moved to Sonsanate, after delegates met with Indigenous people of Perquin to document "constant violations of individual human rights by the Salvadorean Armed Forces." �Page 9 Salvadorean military harass delegates travelling to the AN.I.S. conference. Among the conclusions of the three-day meet• on Justice: "That justice is to follow that path of ing, which included the participation of Maya, action which does not alter the Universal and Lenca, and Nahuat Indians from El Salvador and Natural Order in an irrational and unbalanced Native people from Mexico, Guatemala, Colomway. In this invading culture, justice is a way of bia, Peru, Canada, and the United States were: expropriating what belongs to those who work • on Culture: 'That Indigenous culture must be the land and make it produce, therefore the Indiunderstood as a form of knowing and recognizing genous peoples must demand the creation of laws in Nature our own origin and essence, and that for their own protection as well as that of their the harmony of our lives within Her permits the traditional ways of interaction with Nature". continuity of our people. Since Mother Earth is • on Solidarity: "That world solidarity makes its the origin of the Salvadorean Indian, the fact that presence actively felt among our invaded peoples we don't have land is a way of both doing away through cultural, economic, political, and social with our culture and of killing Nature and its support." expression of universal harmony. The White ''We demand that all governments respect the Invaders cannot justify their attack against Human Rights of the Indigenous Peoples, espeNature through the technologies of their sup- cially our Land, Life, and Ancestral Culture." posed 'civilization,' since these were designed only to throw the natural order out of balance and -""""~""""""""!'!"""""'~= ·-----""!""-""""""!!~­ prepare for their infamous invasion and resultant destruction". � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 4, Nos. 2&amp;3 (Fall 1988 &amp; Winter 1989) Zotero Volume 4 Language English Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indians Defy Military, Hold Meeting (El Salvador) Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1988 & Winter 1989 Zotero Title Indians Defy Military, Hold Meeting (El Salvador) Item Type Journal Article Attachment Title Vol. 4, nos. 2 &3 (8-9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 2 & 3 Language English Volume 4 Pages 8-9 Abstract Note The Salvadorean military intentionally tried to impede the progression of the World Indigenous Festival and Cultural and Spiritual Symposium. The natives pushed back and were able to continue with their meeting. ANIS military National Association of Salvadorean Indians Salvadorean Military https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/6e39fa02c76deedb235af76ba965496a 66875f510d18b4c7bf9e1ea6981df314 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&2 (2).pdf PDF Text Text ~~" : ww s~~ ~y- ~ ~~~ ~e , ""=~ ? """'"' "" ~"'" = _• ~ zr"' ;;; ~?"N~ 1 ~~ ~ ,- 1·.> ~ ...•. e "' "'~ % ?i( 0 y ""- 1 CONO SVR Calchaquí piden respeto .(Argentina) .................................................. 4 El Paso Emite Petición para que se les Asista (Argentina) .................. 5 Muere Líder Mapuche (Chile) ............................................................. 5 Los Kollas se Reencuentran (Argentina) ............................................. 5 La Pachamama-Resistencia Artística (Argentina) ............................... 6 ANDES Paramilitares Atacan Comunidades Indígenas (Ecuador) .................... 7 Tres Senadores Indígenas elegidos al Congreso (Colombia) ............... 9 Por qué dejamos las armas (Colombia) ................................................ 8 Veinte Indígenas son Masacrados (Colombia) ................................... 10 Cultura, Identidad y Nacionalidades Indígenas (Ecuador) .................. 9 Miles de Indígenas Estaban Presentes (Ecuador) ............................... 1O Hacia la Unidad de Naciones Originarias (Bolivia) ............................ 11 "' 08 ~ Dirección: Apartado Postal 28703, Oakland, California 94604 Oficina: 1212 Broadway, #830, Oakland, California, 94604 Teléfono: (510)-834-4263 Fax: (510)-834-4264 Peacenet E-mail: saiic @igc.org. Editores: Wara Alderete Diagramación: El Andar Publications Redacción y traducción: Monti Aguirre, Guillermo Padilla, David Lauer Edición al cuidado de G. Delg<l:do-P. Coordinador de SAIIC: Nilo Cayuqueo Proyectos de Financiamiento: Karl Erb Contador: Quipus Programas de Radio: Carlos Maibeth AMAZONIA Conflictos por Explotación de Petróleo (Ecuador) ............................. 12 Una Victoria para el Pueblo de la Arnazonía Peruana (Perú) ............. 14 La gripe, amenaza para los Nukag (Colombia) ................................... 15 El Ejército Brasileño Recluta a Indígenas Y ano m ami ........................ 16 Comunicado Urgente de los Suruí (Brasil) ......................................... 16 Victoria de los Y ano m ami (Brasil) ..................................................... 16 UNI, CIMI: firman acuerdos de cooperación (Brasil) ....................... 17 Suicidios: una Plaga Alarmante entre los Guaraní-Kaiowa (Brasil) ... 18 MESOAMERICA Mensaje Kuna (Panamá) ..................................................................... 19 Reunión Continental de Coordinación Indígena (Panamá) ................. 21 Carta al Vaticano ................................................................................. 22 El Gobierno de Nicaragua hace Concesiones Forestales (Nicaragua) 23 Líderes Sumus Denuncian Concesión Forestal (Nicaragua ................ 23 Los Ngobe llaman a la Igualdad y Democracia (Panamá) ................. 24 Asesinato de Líderes Indígenas en Honduras ..................................... 25 Encuentro Nacional de Indígenas y Campesinos en el Salvador ........ 25 Costa Rica Otorga Ciudadanía a Indígenas ......................................... 26 500 Años de Resistencia Indígena (Guatemala) ................................. 26 O'dham de México Demandan Reconocimiento ................................ 26 Tarahumaras Exigen Respeto a sus Derechos Agrarios (México) ...... 27 Muere Guillermo Bonfil Batalla (México) ......................................... 28 NORTEAMERICA Apaches Exigen Detener Construcción de Telescopio(EEUU) ......... 29 Millones de dólares para la Sobrevivencia genética (EEUU) ............. 28 MUJERES INDI(jENAS Primer Encuentro de Mujeres Indígcnas(Pcru) .................................. 32 Mujeres Indígenas 10 AñosDespués (México) ................................... 39 Mujeres Indígenas Exigen Respeto (El Salvador) ............................. 33 Encuentro de Mujeres Aymaras (Bolivia) .......................................... 34 ACTIVIDADES ................................................................................. 36 2 Miembros del Comité Directivo de SAIIC Nilo Cayuqueo(Mapuche, Argentina), Gina Pacaldo (Apache de San Carlos/Chicana, EE.UU), Carlos Maibeth (Miskito, Nicaragua), Wara Alderete (Calchaqui, Argentina), Xihuanel Huerta (India Chicana, EE.UU.), Guillermo Delgado (Quechua, Bolivia), Lucilene Whitesell (Nativa de la Amazonía, Brasil). El boletín de SAIIC (ISSN1056-5876) se publica de 2 a 4 veces por año, y se puede obtener con una subscripción anual por US$ 15 para individuos y US$25 para organizaciones. SAIIC agradece a las siguientes personas por su colaboración y donaciones que hacen posible nuestro trabajo: A Central Place, Amnistía Internacional, David Balsam, Dick Bancroft, Kay Cole, John Curl, Bobsy Draper, Lynnda Gray, Kit Hedman, Marianne Hegeman, Ampan Karakras, Norma Klahn, David Lauer, Atencio Lopez, Maya Miller, Jane Mintz, Karrin Morris, James Muneta, Guillermo Padilla, Peace Development Fund, Rainforest Action Network, Melina Selverston, Glen Switkes, Peter Veilleux, Leonardo Viteri, Daphne Wysham. Unidad Indígena agradece a las siguientes fundaciones por su apoyo y colaboración: The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Columbia Foundation, Eschaton Fondation, the Vanguard Foundation. Boletín SAIIC � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, Nos. 1&2 (Spring & Summer 1992) (Spanish) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indice Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring and Summer 1992 Zotero Title Indice Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 6, nos. 1&2 (2).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Abstract Note Table of Contents Issue 1 and 2 Language Spanish Pages 2 Publication Title Boletin SAIIC (SAIIC Newsletter) Volume 6 Amazonia Andes Cono Sur Mesoamerica Mujeres Indigenas Norteamerica