51 12 1190 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/c3d63f2606e091f42c91992a7079ebc4.pdf 8915718d621ebb10efd9fbd1ced67931 PDF Text Text Indigenous Assembly Grapples with Suicides Suicides among the Guarani Kaiowa, which have been on the rise for the past ten years, were the main subject discussed this past May at an Assembly of the Aty Guassu Organizzation in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, he Assembly brought together shamans, Indian leaders and chiefs from 22 villages to try to learn why 22 Indians have committed suicide this year. The suicide rate among tghe Guarani Koaiowa is unusually high. The World Health Organization considers that an estimate of over one case in 10,000 per year is abnormal. According to FUNAI, 161 suicides, most of which were committed by young Indians, were registered among the Guarani Kaiowa from 1985 through May of this year. Extreme poverty, the gradual loss of traditional religious practices, and, above all, the lack of land are factors directly linked to the suicides, Araldo Veron, who also once attempted suicide, spoke on these factors at the Assembly. The villages of Dourados, with 8,900 Indians squeezed in 3,530 hectares of land, and Caarapor, with 2,346 Indians, have been the most affected. Information courtesy of CIMI - Conselho Indigenista Missionario Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, no. 1 (Spring 1995) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Assembly Grapples with Suicides Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource CIMI (Conselho Indigenista Misionário Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring, 1995 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Assembly Grapples with Suicides Item Type Journal Article Author CIMI (Conselho Indigenista Misionário Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 5 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring, 1995 Language English Abstract Note Suicides among the Guarani Kaiowa, which have been on the rise of the past ten years, were the main subject discussed at an assembly of the Aty Guassu Organization in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Attachment Title Indigenous_Assembly_Grapples_with_Suicides.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Guarani Guarani Kaiowa poverty suicide https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3badce5994abaeee9d274389368db53a.pdf 2172547bda13a2aa502acf9021a06641 PDF Text Text ~ ""'''""""' INDIGENOUS BIODIVERSITY .~ ( """' '" '""' NETWORK e Indigenous Biodiveristy Network (Biolndio) was formed in agencies to improve its implementation at tbe international level. Geneva, Switzerland, in October 1993, by Indigenous rcpre While the convention will be a major focus, Biofndio will also serve scntatives attending the Fitst Intergovernmental Cmnmittcc to support a range of Indigenous initiatives on biological diversity on the Q>nvention on Biological Diversity held since the Rio protection around the world. Qlnferencc in June, 1993. Biolndio is a growing networlc of global aboriginal groups and organizations worlcing togctber to protect Biolndio is made up by: biological diversity tbrougb active Indigenous participation in tbe Asian lndigcnous Women's Networlc formulation of policies, laws and programs relating to biodiversity Asociaci6n de Oerccbo Ambiental de Ia Regi6n lnka·Pen\ protcction,includingratificationandimplementationoftheBiodiversity Q>ngrcso General Guayami, Panam~ Q>nvention. To strengtben the role of Indigenous peoples and their Cultural C:Onservancy, USA communities in biodiversity protection, First Nations have to forge Cultural Survival, Cana~ international connections. Presendy, Biolndio is worlcing to establish Sobrevivencia, Paraguay a non<:entralizcd structure and reaching out to native groups and SAIIC, USA organizations from the fourcomersoft be world to discusscoopcration Gabriel Muyuy, Indigenous Senator of Q>lombia at the global level. Biolndio was motivated by the need of having direct Aboriginal For more tnronnation, please contact: presence and autonomous voice on the Biodiversity Q>nvention's Alejandro Argumedo implementation phase. Ncgotiationsoftheconventiondid not include 1 Ni<holas Stree.t, Suite 620 Indigenous peoples even tbousJ! the richest ecosystem, biological and Ottawa, Ontario Canada KIN 7B7 genetic diversity is usually found on Indigenous territories. Biol.ndio Tel: 613.233.4653 will work to ensure Indigenous participation in the implementation of fax: 613.233.2292 the convention and seeks to cooperate with NGO's and international T: PEOPLES OF THE RAIN · FORESTS HOLD GLOBAL CONFERENCE epresentatives of Indigenous organizations from tropical rainforests around the world met at the Second Qlnferenceof the Worldwide Alliance of Indigenous Peoples of the Rain Forests held in lquitos, Peru, from August 25 to 31. The conference, organized by the Q>ordinating Body of Indigenous Peoples of the Amazon Basin(COICA), was a success notonlybecauseofthelarge numberofparticipating organizations but also due to the decisions that R were reached. The acknowledgment of Indigenous autonomy was the central theme during the Second Qlnference which included the participation of80 representatives from 26 different organizations from the Ameri· cas, Africa and Asia. The members agreed on a resolution that seeks 36 to apply the recommendations made in the 1991 U.N. meeting in Nuux, Greenland, which focused on tberigbt oflndigenous peoples to govern tbemsclves througb their own laws, social norms and cultural values in a territory designated as their own. A second resolution issued at theconferenceasks for the ratificationofcovenant 169of the International Labor Organization (IW) also dealing with indigenous sclf-<letemtination. The Alliance was fonned during tbe First Q>nferencc beld in February 1992, in Penang. Malaysia. The Alliance seeks to influence the development policies of governments by urging law makers to respect the rights oflndigenous peoples whose livelibond is tied to the forests. Aby a Y a l a News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 7, nos. 3-4 (Fall/Winter 1993) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Biodiversity Network Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall and Winter 1993 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Biodiversity Network Item Type Journal Article Volume 7 Issue 3,4 Pages 36 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Fall and Winter 1993 Language English Abstract Note Indigenous Biodiversity Network(BioIndio) is an international group formed in October 1993 to help indigenous peoples take stronger positions on the effort of biodiversity protection. Attachment Title Indigenous_Biodiversity_Network.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Biodiversity BioIndio Indigenous Peoples https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/3ff696192a615ea2ed3774e66d92f021.pdf dc874ddedaf29b8ed7661b24f8f3fff2 PDF Text Text r E~VIRO~MEHT Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project • This project doesn't volue the rivers. the streams. the forests. the fish. the birds. the Indigenous peo· pies. nor life. It only volues the winnings of a few businessmen.· • First Indigenous Encounter of the Paraguay River Basin ndt&cnou; peoplt$ who srand to the nver basms nnd lead to the colo· The Indigenous co.,huons also &IJI· lose their hornes and ltvchhood as nl~auon of neM\>y lnt>ds. "Ot>l)' 20 per· td ahm they were •extremely worried" the re>ult of the ~lidro1•fn tndusuinl cem of lndigcnt>us communiucs an nt the bck of illformauon and evasive waterwny pri>Je<t on the Pomguay· PJraguay ha1t ltgalt!tles 10 th<tr l>nd, n;nu~ of tM go,·ernnu:m3l inStitutes Pam~ river S)'Stcm met In October of and onl> a fmctaon of the..« •~ .ade- urryang oot the proJ«I Th.s con«m 1995 to d1$CUSS the pfOJC<t'S ampact ou quate for >ustaanang a trJdn10nal \\';1$ the ampttus for the formauon of their tradtuonol econonuc-s, and to lifestyle: strts.<o:~ the dtdarolion or the the Rlos Vtvos coalition. rc-grouptng agree on n plan of action against Pnrnguay b:tSm. "The llndlanl tcrrlto· 300 NGOs and Indigenous organlzn· Hidrovla. Nt,.adt, Ayon:o. Angaite, "'~of 1he enure region wlll experience tion; worldWide. In ~cember 1995, Guan~. Guamn1 NandevJ, und Guarani prt<Sures even grtnter than th~ th31 foll0\V1111\ 3 y<ars of pr<$5tnt to achlcvt Ocddrntal represenlatl\'CS from the ~'"" prtSCntl)' due 10 specul.uion on publte p>nicipauon m the Htdrmia Parogua)' •nd Plkom")'O m·er basins the v:llue of l~ntl and ahe esubli~hmtnt pf'()re.s, the lntrr-Gonrnmcnaal me• sepal'l\lcly and came up "1th a of ranching ~nd ngrkulturnlmd~tstties. Commauee on I hdrovl~ (CIIi). made dc1aikd plnn of action agounSI a project 1 he res111t will be more foretd evic- up or the States of J\rgentina. lloll\'lll, which the)' S.')' will spell d•saSter for tions, s•anmg with the rivcnnc popub- Bnull, Pnroguay. and Unaguay 'f«ptcd lhe envuonmenl md rhe (Ommuniucs. tlon.<.• a pml"""l [l'l)m Rlos \'1Vos to provldc The Htdlovfa proJect. WO\lld reqo1~ wtdentng nnd dcepenang the channels of the Paraguay and Pnmn~. South America~ second lnr&est w:11cr S)'Siem. to ttUow <X:<'l!n-going ships access to the pon of Oceres. Bm:ll. 2,100 nules upstre:tm from the ril'cr's tnouth ncar Buenos Ain:s. Under the plnn being studied. the rivers would be channeled. straightened. nlld dredged, with tribu· tarits of the nver blocked ofT and rock owcroppmg. m th~ channd deton:ued. lndagcnnus peoples ond environ· mem.. •lisl5 lllstSI that Hldrovta, nicknamed "I tells Highway." would devas· tate the liver ccOS)'SICms. lndudi11g the Panaan.1l wetland (the lorgesl in the world}, and b)· exu~ns>NI, the tradtllonal cconomat$ of the lndtgc'llous peoples which are based on fishing. In the meetings, lnd•gcnO\IS leaders protested that Hidro11n ahreotens 10 worsen the olread)' pn:e~nous ltvmg standard.< of tlu! people dependent on I 28 Alcyfa Ya'-' Nt.WS �ENVIRONMENT access to all documents from the feasi· bility studies of Hidrovfa. Nevenheless. Hidrovla project in all the Indian languages spoken in area or impact. lastly. CIH continues to state that <::OJ\Struc.. they call for an inrense and constant tion will begin in the next few monlhs. This has fueled doubts b)• tndigcnottS organizations and environmental group~ that the)' will have a meaningful role in the decision-making process. The resolutions of the Paraguay and Pilcoma)'O Indigenous encounte>:S call for the unincation of Indigenous peoples affected by Hidrovfa and the joint preparation and publication of a diag- Indigenous presence in all of the local, regional. national. and international instances where decisions on Hidrovta are being made. ~ Information compil<<l from original documents and from Vllo,-ld Rivers Revtcw (D<cemb<r. /996), tile ncwslellcr of the lntctnational Rl\'ers Networll ORN). For more hifonnmion, conwcr: nostic of the social and environn'lcntal conditions they face. As a counter· example to the official feasibility stud· ies carried out b)' the govemments. the diagnostic would directly involve the leaders of Indigenous communities. Important too is the translation and distribution of in formation on the Coordinadora de Putblos lndlgenas de Ia Cuc11ca del Rio Piicomayo. C.C. 1380. Asu11ct6n-Paraguay: Td: (595-21) 21-427: fax: (595 21) SSQ-451 ; o.- IRN, 1M7 Berkeley Way. Bcrltcley. CA 94703: 14:1: CilO) 848-1155; Fax: (510) 818·1008; Email: im.o'&: WW\V: hup:l/''lo'"'"~im.org. "May We Dream of a Better Future?" A Letter fl'om Indigenous Peoples of t he Pantan al to the International Development Bank The following letter was sent by 180 Indigenous people of the world's largest wetlands. the Meto Grosso Pantanal, to the Inter-american Development Bank. regarding the Bank's support for studies for 1he Paraguay-Param\ Hidrovla industrial waterway, and for the Pantanal project, both of which will have environmental and cultural impacts on the region. end both of which are being designed and implemented without consultation with the traditional inllabitants of the region. Aquidauana. Mato Grosso do Sui. Brazil. January 27. 1996 1/>{e. the Guatos. Terena. Kaiowa. Bororo. Umotina. Pareci ~;~nd Kinikinao are the traditional peoples that the Great Cre<~tor chose to live in and protect this region of the world. Throughout time. our ancestors taught us to live in harmony with the waters. birds. and plants. as a way of giving thanks and nurturing this gift for- our well· being. · With the arrival of the white man came the roads and the railroad. and then came diseases and new customs which were unknown to us. This was the new civilization. IDB is now financing a large-scale project under the pretext of developing the seuthem cone. We know that this project is part of a new re-organization of the world economy. which will truly atte-nd only the ambitions of Vol. 10 No. 1 unscrupulous businessmen. where egotism. nepotism. and political rivalries reign and only the fittest survive. In this context of the decadence of .. modemrty. • we Indigenous peoples were never consider~. and were instead o.nly victimiz~. We were never consult~. but we recommended that this type ef ambition must be halted for the good of humanity. Their money must not disrespect and destroy the homes of our people and ef the Great Creator. Our role is to ser:ve the memooy of our people and of the Great Creator. Our role is to ser:ve the memory of our ancesto•s and of our traditions and to defend the Pantanal. because only in this way can we go forward towards the future in search of a better life. At the First Meetings of Indians of the Pantanal. th.e Indigenous voice asks: Why do they want ~() destroy the natural waterway? Who is going to benefit? Who is going to become rich with this? Up to what point is the IDB aware of the threat of destruction and empoverishment which the large-scale projects bring for our people. We ~;~ppeal to the Bank to be clear and transparent in its proposals. because our villages are worried. Will we be victims? Or may we dream of a better future? For mote information. contact: Rios ViVos Secretariat. Campo Grande. Brazil: tel: 55-6'7· 724-3230: fax: 55-67724-9109: email: ecoabrmspant@ax.apc.org 29 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 1 (Spring 1996) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1996 Language A language of the resource English, Spanish English Zotero Title Indigenous Conferences Reject the Hidrovia Mega-project Item Type Journal Article Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 28-29 Publication Title SAIIC Newsletter ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring 1996 Language English Abstract Note The Hidrovia project would requires a widening and deepening the channels of Paraguay and Panama. Indigenous groups of these areas like the NIvacie, worry about the environmental impacts that this project will have. This article also features a letter from Indigenous Peoples of the Pantanal to the International Development Bank. Attachment Title abyayala_v10_n1_p28-29.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Hidrovia Mega-project Nivacie Paraguay River Basin https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/ec4cc645985592b9e90fad951d7b6df7.pdf 34110a21230d399ec01247d56c0a1a6e PDF Text Text Indigenous Fragmentation: Mexico's Domestic and International Borders by Araceli Burguete Cal y Mayor For Indigenous populations, the notion of "borders" is directly associated with a history of occupation and usurpation of their territories. In the case of Mexico, the wars that have accompanied each international border demarcation have not been limited to Indigenous populations in the north or south. The formation of the Mexican Federation was carried out with the same amount of violence and colonization. Each territorial division within the country has been imposed as a "border" for Indigenous peoples. These borders were constructed in an artificial and arbitrary manner, and were superimposed over a cultural and historical geography that dates back thousands of years. Mexico's Southern Border Mayan communities suffer from both domestic and international border impositions. Within Mexico, the five states of the Mexican Federation ( Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, and Chiapas), almost one hundred municipalities, and over one hundred cooperative farms and communities divide the Maya people. Internationally, the Maya area covers the borders of six nation-states (Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador). The most costly impact of this fragmentation has been on the Mayan global identity, now surviving in multiple linguistic identities (Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Tojolabal, Quiche, Tzutujil, Quekchi, etc.). These linguistic groups have not been able to unify into one single Mayan identity. Nevertheless, there are encouraging signs for unification, even though the Maya people continue to be fragmented. In fact, it appears that those living in Guatemala are undergoing a process of reconstruction of their global identity. Even though this phenomenon is also taking place in Mexico (albeit, in isolated instances), in the majority of the states in which Maya people live, the impact of tourism and industrialization has accelerated the tendency toward “deindianization”. This accelerated "deindianization" is occurring primarily in Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán, and Quintana Roo. In Chiapas, despite a strong Maya cultural tradition, the Maya global identity is fragmented due to linguistic, municipal, and communal differences. Despite this fragmentation, the states, municipalities and communities which make up the southern border of Mexico constitute a region that has historically been integrated through a common Maya cultural base. Still, the phenomenon of “borders” has had a tremendous impact on the Maya people of Mexico. The Treaty of Limits officially demarcated Mexico's southern border with Guatemala on September 27, 1882. The demarcation with Belize dates to July of 1893, and was defined through negotiations with Great Britain. Neither demarcation process was peaceful. Wars and border conflicts preceded each accord. Even today, some Guatemalans regard Chiapas’ incorporation into Mexico as an act of annexation and theft on the part of Mexico. This feeling is similar to that of Mexicans in regards to the US-occupied Mexican territories of Texas, New Mexico, and California. In reality, this kind of nationalistic rhetoric about stolen land hides the fact that the real victims of border disputes and land annexation have been the Indigenous communities on both the northern and southern borders of the Mexican nation. On September 12, 1824,Chiapas was officially annexed into Mexico through a plebiscite. A total "Mayan communities suffer from both domestic and international border impositions. Within Mexico, five states of the Mexican Federation (Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, and Chiapas), almost one hundred municipalities, and over one hundred cooperative farms and communities divide the Maya people." number of almost 100,000 citizens voted to include Chiapas into the Mexican Federation. However, not all of those who lived in Chiapas had the opportunity to vote on such a crucial issue. In 1824, only those who could read or write and those who could prove that they were "honorable" citizens (citizens with wealth and of mestizo or criollo ancestry) were allowed to vote. The opinion and collective perception of territory of the Maya, Quiche,Tzotzil, Tzeltal, Tojolabal, Quekchl,and Marne peoples that lived in Chiapas was never taken into consideration. A Border in Conflict The Maya people's response to the fragmentation of their culture has never been passive. Hundreds of rebellions have demonstrated the Maya communities' nonconformity with their reality as a divided people. The Maya rebellion that has lasted for more than twenty years in Guatemala and the recent Maya uprising in Chiapas are modem examples of Maya resistance against the borders and what these borders signify for them: oppression and the loss of self-determination. The concept of "border" in southern Mexico became more tangible as a result of internal conflicts in Central America. Thousands of political refugees crossed Mexico's border. Many of them were Maya people who were escaping repression at the hands of the Guatemalan authorities. These people have now settled in the municipalities adjacent to the border. According to official government sources, there are almost 40 thousand Guatemalan refugees along Mexico's southern border, with half of them in the state of Chiapas. Many believe that the actual number of political refugees who have settled in the south of Mexico is higher. As is well known, not all refugees were accounted for in these statistics. Estimates indicate that the number of Guatemalan refugees in Mexico is at least twice that of the official count. The presence of refugees and the border's proximity to the Guatemalan guerrillas push Mexico's government to increase the presence of police and soldiers to guard the borders. Because of this, the one million Indigenous people of Chiapas and other border states have suffered assaults on their liberties, and all possibilities for democracy were halted. The authorities of Chiapas have consistently defied existing federal laws by allowing certain individuals to break them with impunity. In the last twenty years, the Maya who live along the southern border of Mexico have lived in a virtual state of war. They have struggled to achieve democracy via peaceful means. However, the authorities have responded 'with acts of violence and terrorism, similar to those experienced in "low-intensity" conflict areas. Violation of Indigenous People's human rights and impunity for the violators has also been a characteristic of the past twenty years. The violence and repression against the Mayas of Mexico's southern border has no precedence in the rest of the country. Yet, this kind of violence is not circumstantial. It is reproduced to the same magnitude in other border areas. Araceli Burguete is a native of Chiapas, sociologist, and technical and research coordinator for the Independent Indian People’s Front (FIPI) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, no. 1 (Spring 1995) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Fragmentation: Mexico's Domestic and International Borders Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Araceli Burguete Cal y Mayor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring, 1995 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Fragmentation: Mexico's Domestic and International Borders Item Type Journal Article Author Araceli Burguete Cal y Mayor Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 8-9 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring, 1995 Language English Abstract Note Territorial divisions within Mexico and Central America were constructed in an artificial manner, dividing and isolating indigenous peoples. This led to a division of Mayan peoples with Chiapas facing conflicts within its own territory and along its borders within Mexico and along Guatemala. Attachment Title Indigenous_Fragmentation_Mexico's_Domestic_and_International_Borders.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] borders Chiapas fragmentation Maya Treaty of Limits https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/b6971d95a794158df5f2bc1080c154d5.pdf 124bd5a7404aec4b605aded70247c631 PDF Text Text IN BRIEF Indigenous Leaders Awarded Goldman Environmental Prize Indigenous Groups in Argentina Push for Rights Under New Constitution On April IS, 1994. Luis Macas president of the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAl E) and Mathew Coon Come. grand chief of the Cree were awarded the prestigious Goldman Environmental Prize in San Francisco, California. The prize includes a no-strings attached $60,000 grant. Macas was recognized for his role in the 1990 Le''llntamiento lndigena (Indigenous uprising) in Ecuador which forced the government to seriously negotiate the conditions for oil drill- The fifteen Indigenous nations in Argentina are ean;ing out a country-wide mobilization in response to the opening of ing in the Ecuadorian Amazon. He was also praised for his role in the negotiations between CONAIE and the Ecuadorian government which resu1ted in a sweeping settlement giving Indigenous nations title to three million hectares of rainforest in the Amazon. Coon Come has worked fordeeades to oppose the Quebec government's monumental plans for hydroelectric dam building in James Bay. Both these struggles put Indigenous and environmental organizations against some or the world's most powerful forces. With these a"'llrds, the Goldman foundation has helped give world attention and Stature to these leader's struggles. Following is Luis Macas' statement at the ceremo· nies. a process for constitutional revision. Indigenous groups are pressuring the national congress to finally include an article stating their rights under the constitution. Indigenous organizations held two assemblies regarding the issue of constitutional refom1 and have drafted a proposal for rights to be included in the new constitution. The proposal's most important points were recognition that Indigenous peoples existed before the creation of the National state and birth of the provinces; the recognition of the Argentinian Republic asa pluri-ethnic and pluri-cultural state; the inclusion of rights to communal land ownership as well as control of all natural resources found in these lands: the right to educate their children in their own language and culture~ and finally, the deletion of pan 15 of article 67 of the current constitution which states that the govenment should •main· tain a peaceful relationship with the lndiansand promote their conversion to Catholidsm•. After drafting these proposals. representatives of all the Indig- enous communities presented a declaration to the national con· gress to urge inclusion of these changes in the new constitution. ...1Virl1 the arrival of western civilization the plundering of natural rtsourGes was init'iatcd as ·was the taheove:r and destmclion of our mother earth and the exploitation of our people. This imcnsive and irrational exploitation of nmural resources ca11sed nor only impoverishment of the earth but has generated poverry and the violation of human rights among our 1>tople in the South. The culture ofcapitalism and avarice has forced itself on nature to achieve its goals no matter what the sacrifice. As a result, we an: 110w experiencing an accelerated process of true global collapse. As inhabitants of this planer, it is viral and urgem to stop these crimes against nature and life and worh tore huegrate ourselves with the natural world so as to redirec.rour path toward a more respectful and harmonious relationship wirh it. These beliefs motivate us to defend ourmotherea,.th and resist hcrdcstntction with her. Therefore it is important that we gain title to territories which will gtwrantee their proteaion, not only for us, but for the benefit of all life... We have to oppose destruction and death with justice. s11stainable development and life. 4 lnnu Activists Blockade Hydro-Quebec Roads lnnu from the Coalition for Nitassinan (their traditional lands) supported by observers set up camp on Ma)' 29. blocking the access ro.~d which Hydro-Quebec intends to use for construction of the massive Sainte-Marguerite Ill (SM Ill) hydroelectric project. Hydro-Quebec officials have reportedly sought an official injunction against the blockade in order to remove the protesters. The SM Ill project would be built in lnnu territory along the nonh shore of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec. It would flood over 450 square km. and, possibly contaminate this area with the toxin methyl mercury. lnnu fear this contamination will render the region's fish, one of their main food sources. · Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Groups in Argentina Push for Rights Under New Constitution Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indigenous Groups in Argentina Push for Rights Under New Constitution Item Type Journal Article Volume 8 Issue 1&2 Pages 4 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Abstract Note Indigenous groups in Argentina pressed the congress for the acknowledgement of their rights under a changing constitution. Attachment Title abya yala p4.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Language English Argentine Constitution Indigenous Rights https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/c928f2019467654654c57d2ac7309dde.pdf 5f14f80f1b5b8b987eabfb77802a5b0c PDF Text Text I~DIGE~OUS LEADER TORTUREDI~IMBABURA (&:uador) On june 11, 1991, J* Maria Cabascango, 28 year old human rigllts secrc!ary of CONArE (lhe Confederation of illdigenous Nationalities of Ecuador), was detained by the army while travelling by car during a tour of local indigenous communi· ties. He and others travelling with him were transferred to the Ecuadorian investigative police office in Ibarra. Cabascango was held until june 13 and was subjc<:tcd to torture, including bci11g hung from the thumbs, blows to the ears, mock executions and death threats. During the last few years, there have been numerous land con!licts in the prov· ince of lmbabura involving indigenous communities and large landownCf'S, some of which have resulted in the expulsion of these communities from land on which they were living. A large number of paramilita.ry groups have eme.ged in the area and appear to act against the Indian communities, either in combined operations with the army or police or with the acquicsccnre of the government. Tile killing, torture and harassment of many community mcmbCf'S and leaders have been committed by these groups. For example, on December 19, 1990, Indian leader Julio Cabascango (not related to J* Maria) was kilkd, apparently by a paramilitary group. Tile government initiated an inquiry and detained two people (one of whom escaped) believed to be responsible for the murder. illdian leaders are requesting not only that those responsible for the shooting be brougllt to trial but also those on whose behalf they acted. On june 11, the Indian communities of the province of lmbabura declared a 48 hour strike. Such strikes usually involve road blocks but are non-violent in tactics and are usually supported by the local church, student unions and other o.ganlzations, as in this case. During the two day strike, 17 indigenous people, including )OS(! Marla Cabascango were detained, and about 12 others injured, reportedly by members of security forces. Tile purpose of the strike was to request the intervention of the state into the land con!licts that affect Indian communities; to request the disbanding of paramilitary groups; to request the bringing to justice of those responsible for the 1990 killing of Indian leader julio Cabascango; to request govcmmcnt investment in the region's infrastructure; and to request assistance for the growing problem of cholera in the area. Soun:t: AmiUSty /ntmwlionlll Please write to the Ecuodoreon authorities: ·expressing concern ot the reported torture of Indian leader Jose Mario Coboscongo, ·noting thot torture is forbidden under Ecuodoreon legislotion and thot Ecuodor hos also ratified internotionol treaties that oppose its use, including the UN Convention Against Torture and o ther Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment. ·asking foro full and importiol inquiry into the ollegotions of torture, that the nature of the findings be mode public and, should the allegations be sustained, thot those responsible be brought to justice. Write to: Dr. Rodrigo Borja Cevallos Presidente de lo Republica Palacio del Gobierno Garcia No reno 1043 Quito, ECUADOR 12 SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, nos. 1&amp;2 (spring/summer 1991) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Leader Tortured in Imbabura Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Amnesty International Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1991 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Leader Tortured in Imbabura Item Type Journal Article Contributor Amnesty International Volume 6 Issue 1&2 Pages 12 Publication Title Abya Yala News ISSN 1071-3182 Date Summer 1991 Language English Abstract Note Jose Maria Cabascango was detained and tortured by the military. The local community went on a 48 hour strike. Attachment Title Indigenous_Leader_Tortured_In_Imbabura.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] CONAIE Ecuador imbabura https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/8d828f7daa7d4fb6031a7de701238f3e.pdf 124bd5a7404aec4b605aded70247c631 PDF Text Text IN BRIEF Indigenous Leaders Awarded Goldman Environmental Prize Indigenous Groups in Argentina Push for Rights Under New Constitution On April IS, 1994. Luis Macas president of the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAl E) and Mathew Coon Come. grand chief of the Cree were awarded the prestigious Goldman Environmental Prize in San Francisco, California. The prize includes a no-strings attached $60,000 grant. Macas was recognized for his role in the 1990 Le''llntamiento lndigena (Indigenous uprising) in Ecuador which forced the government to seriously negotiate the conditions for oil drill- The fifteen Indigenous nations in Argentina are ean;ing out a country-wide mobilization in response to the opening of ing in the Ecuadorian Amazon. He was also praised for his role in the negotiations between CONAIE and the Ecuadorian government which resu1ted in a sweeping settlement giving Indigenous nations title to three million hectares of rainforest in the Amazon. Coon Come has worked fordeeades to oppose the Quebec government's monumental plans for hydroelectric dam building in James Bay. Both these struggles put Indigenous and environmental organizations against some or the world's most powerful forces. With these a"'llrds, the Goldman foundation has helped give world attention and Stature to these leader's struggles. Following is Luis Macas' statement at the ceremo· nies. a process for constitutional revision. Indigenous groups are pressuring the national congress to finally include an article stating their rights under the constitution. Indigenous organizations held two assemblies regarding the issue of constitutional refom1 and have drafted a proposal for rights to be included in the new constitution. The proposal's most important points were recognition that Indigenous peoples existed before the creation of the National state and birth of the provinces; the recognition of the Argentinian Republic asa pluri-ethnic and pluri-cultural state; the inclusion of rights to communal land ownership as well as control of all natural resources found in these lands: the right to educate their children in their own language and culture~ and finally, the deletion of pan 15 of article 67 of the current constitution which states that the govenment should •main· tain a peaceful relationship with the lndiansand promote their conversion to Catholidsm•. After drafting these proposals. representatives of all the Indig- enous communities presented a declaration to the national con· gress to urge inclusion of these changes in the new constitution. ...1Virl1 the arrival of western civilization the plundering of natural rtsourGes was init'iatcd as ·was the taheove:r and destmclion of our mother earth and the exploitation of our people. This imcnsive and irrational exploitation of nmural resources ca11sed nor only impoverishment of the earth but has generated poverry and the violation of human rights among our 1>tople in the South. The culture ofcapitalism and avarice has forced itself on nature to achieve its goals no matter what the sacrifice. As a result, we an: 110w experiencing an accelerated process of true global collapse. As inhabitants of this planer, it is viral and urgem to stop these crimes against nature and life and worh tore huegrate ourselves with the natural world so as to redirec.rour path toward a more respectful and harmonious relationship wirh it. These beliefs motivate us to defend ourmotherea,.th and resist hcrdcstntction with her. Therefore it is important that we gain title to territories which will gtwrantee their proteaion, not only for us, but for the benefit of all life... We have to oppose destruction and death with justice. s11stainable development and life. 4 lnnu Activists Blockade Hydro-Quebec Roads lnnu from the Coalition for Nitassinan (their traditional lands) supported by observers set up camp on Ma)' 29. blocking the access ro.~d which Hydro-Quebec intends to use for construction of the massive Sainte-Marguerite Ill (SM Ill) hydroelectric project. Hydro-Quebec officials have reportedly sought an official injunction against the blockade in order to remove the protesters. The SM Ill project would be built in lnnu territory along the nonh shore of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec. It would flood over 450 square km. and, possibly contaminate this area with the toxin methyl mercury. lnnu fear this contamination will render the region's fish, one of their main food sources. · Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 8, nos. 1 &amp; 2 (Summer 1994) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Leaders Awarded Goldman Environmental Prize Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SAIIC Board of Directors Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1994 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous Leaders Awarded Goldman Environmental Prize Item Type Journal Article Author SAIIC Board of Directors Volume 8 Issue 1,2 Pages 4 Publication Title Abya Yala News Date Summer 1994 Language English Abstract Note Luis Macas of the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities in Ecuador and Matthew Coon Come of the Cree received the Goldman foundation Environmental Award grant. Macas’ acceptance speech pointed to the need for environmental protection against exploitation and extraction at the hands of non-native people. Attachment Title abya yala p4.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Environmental Protection Goldman Foundation https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/6b27978a2cdc1c358ef898c21e99d672.pdf 4a48c154fc2b10b9aea7184031da3e6b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource vol. 6, No. 3 (34).pdf PDF Text Text I Indigenous leaders meeting at the December 1991 NGO conference "The Roots of the Future" in Paris signed a declaration demanding that governments and international organizations guarantee the rights of Indigenous Peoples to self-determination and control over their natural resources. The declaration rejects the· celebration of the "Quincentennial of the Discovery ofAmerica" and states that "the 11th of October, 1492 was the last day of freedom for the Indigenous Peoples of America". The signers also demand the right of Indigenous Peoples to participate in the UN Conference on Environment and Development to be held in June in Brazil. The Indigenous leaders wish to present an alternative modal for sustainable development based on the traditional harmonious relationship between Indians and the environment They reject the western development I! ' I ' Letter from the Indigenous Delegates present at the Palace of Nations in Geneva Switzerland, to the Pope. Geneva, August 1, 1991 Chief of State of the Vatican Pope John Paul ll Rome, Italy The indigenous delegates present at the Palace of Nations, in Geneva, Switzerland, in debate regarding the Universal Declaration of the rights of indigenous people, convened by the "Working Group of Indigenous People" of the United Nations, hereby present and declare: In view of the declaration on May 3, 4, 1493, of the Papal Bull INTER CETERA, by which territories of indigenous people are conceded to Spain and Portugal, without taking into account the material or spiritual rights of the indigenous people in case of ABYA-YALA (America) and other parts of the world; In defense of the sacred rights of the indigenous people, and in promotion of human dignity and harmony that should reign among humanity on this planet, For all these purposes: l)we demand from the vatican state a denunciation of the unilateral treaty Pope Alejandro modal basedonamarketeconomywhichonly benefits the powerful and which is responsible for the destruction of the environment through overexploitationofnaturalresources. The following is the introduction to the declaration: We, the Indigenous Peoples of the world have been constructing, since the ancestrnl times, a culture, civilization, history and a view of the world which have permitted us to co-exist harmoniously with nature. This normalprocesswasintenuptedinAmericain1492 VI, as being contrary to the Universal Human Rights of Peoples. 2)whereas theyear 1993 completes 500 years of a supposed spiritual conquest without clear rectification of this universal injustice, allowing the nation-states that have benefited from the inherintance of Pope Alejandro VI to continue programmes of genocide and ethnocide, denying the indigenous people the recuperation of a harmony based on reciprocal human respect, we demand that the Papal Bull of May 3, 4, 1493 INTER CETERA be annulled. 3)we direct John Paul ll to accede to universal concepts of justice including the spiritual and material rights of indigenous peoples, in furthereance of life, harmony of human beings with our Sacred Mother, and the spiritual peace of the Great Creator in accord with the cosmovision of each one of our indigenous peoples, free from all oppression. Thus we proclaim in the name of Human Dignity, in harmony with our Mother Nature and in the Spirit of Truth. Signed, the indigenous delegates, and organizations. by the European invasion of the continent and has meant genocide, the negation of our culture, the violation of our human rights, racial discrimination, the usurpation of our natural resources and the occupation of our territories and sacred places. Currently the Indigenous Peoples fmd themselves very affected by the necessity created by the economic and cultural system imposed by the great powers and governments. At the same time we have contributed to the "development", sacrificing our peoples and resources without receiving any compensation. For a copy of the full text send $3 to SAIIC. 34 SAIIC Newsletter � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, No. 3 (Spring and Summer 1992) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Leaders Sign Paris Declaration Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indigenous Leaders Sign Paris Declaration Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title vol. 6, No. 3 (34).pdf https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/aa4c499d321b8ce5c2cbc3f55cdbce7d a5270903214b2733a0d57c85afd672bb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, no. 3 (6-9).pdf PDF Text Text �I N D I A N C I T Y Anyone who has traveled to Quito, Ecuador, and seen the now very touristic historic quarter can testify to that city's Indigenous character. Underneath all the glitter, however, lurks a harsher reality: the majority of Indigenous migrants in Quito live lives of economic and social marginalization. In this article, Narciso Conejo and Robert Andolina provide us with a glimpse of migrant life in the capital, and most importantly, how Indigenous peoples have mobilized to insure their survival as distinct peoples inside the metropolis. osa, an Indigenous girl from Chimborazo province, bags mandarins and limes in the Alameda park. Rosa, her parents, and friends from Chimborazo, prepare for another day of selling fruit to the people of Quito. Rosa lives in el Panecillo, a hill in central Quito known not only as an important Prelucan center of astronomy but as a famous lookout for locals and visitors alike who seek a good view of the capital. This mount is not only home to Rosa and her family but to many Indigenous peoples of the central and southern provinces. Quito, like many other cities in Latin America, is the home and working place of tens of thousands Indigenous peoples who have migrated from rural areas. The contemporary Indigenous migrations in Ecuador, particularly to Quito, have their beginnings in the middle of this century Although the majority of the migrants are Quichua people from the mountainous regions, there are Indigenous people from all the various cultures in the country The migrations in Ecuador are largely the result of the disruption of the hacienda system (where poor campesino laborers work for rich landowners) brought about by the agricultural reform laws passed in the 1960s and 70s. These reforms involved the distribution of huasipungos (parcels of land) to the head of each family The campesinos and Indigenous families received the poorest and most overexploited lands-inadequate for the most basic needs. This shortfall forced Indigenous and campesino people to migrate to the cities. The policies of Narcizo Conejo is Quichua from Peguche, Ecuador. He has studied anthropology and social communications, and has worked in the Communications Department of CONAIE and FICI. Robert Andolina is a PhD Candidate in Political Science at the University of Minnesota. He has worked as a volunteer at CONAIE. Vol. 10 No.3 sacrifice suffices only for la sopita (food)," says Juan Jose Toaquiza Tipanga, Indigenous laborer from Cotopaxi province and one of the 100 workers in the Mercado Mayoristas in the south of Quito, "and so we can't send our huahuas (children) to the city's schools. With the help of friends, we have, thank God, been able to give our children an education. There they don't require uniforms, or other expenses; this is the only way we can educate our huahuas." According to Julio Agualongo, president of the COINDIA (Comunidad Indigena del Desarrollo Integral y Autogesti6n - Indigenous Community for and SelfIntegral Development Management), Juan Jose Toaquiza and his companions carriers of the Mercado Mayoristas suffer from clear exploitation in their work. Despite migrants' harsh reality; there are special cases like that of Laura Bonilla, Otavalefia from Imbabura Province, who has received a good education and is now the owner of an artesanias (craft) shop in Quito's modern center. "For what we have today; we had to make many sacrifices, and be dedicated. We had to make an effort to study and later we worked as maids. I first started in my uncle's shop (another Indigena from Otavalo) where I learned to manage this kind of business. Since we came from a family of weavers, that experience helped us in some ways. After five years of each one of us working on our own, my husband and I decided to become independent. So we founded our own shop. Here in Quito, you can't live if you don't work. It's really hard ... " Hard labor Although Laura is not thinking of The work of Indigenous migrants in returning indefinitely to her community the city is diverse. Among the most com- because of the realities of work and life, mon are cargadores (carriers), construe- the large majority oflndigenous migrants, tion workers, street vendors, merchants, upon not having any success in the city; maids, and janitors. wish they could return to their communiThe life of Indigenous migrant work- ties. Rosa, a young Indigenous girl who ers in Quito is hard, and often dangerous. works in the Alameda park, says "I surely "The money we earn through so much would like to return to my native land, to _______ ___________C_on_tinue on page 8 agricultural modernization implemented by subsequent administrations have tended to benefit the powerful landowners who continue to occupy the best lands, leaving the poor no other option than to migrate. On the other hand the boom in petroleum production in the 60s and 70s allowed the economic growth of the cities-especially Quito, the capital, and seat of the largely state-controlled oil industry The oil boom allowed the city budget to grow, and contributed to urbanization, especially of the middle-class northern neighborhoods. These abrupt economic changes in the country lead to increased labor demands in the cities, especially in the area of construction. The processes outlined above have been the principal causes of rural migration to Quito. In recent years, neoliberal economic policies have become dominent, jeopardizing the Indigenous ways of life, and producing a massive internal migration-not just of men or youths, but of entire Indigenous families. Indigenous migration does not occur out of curiosity or vagrancy Many believe Indigenous people migrate because they are tired of working their land, and blame them for Quito's urban problems. But migration must be understood as a strategy for survival, for the diversification and complementation of Indigenous economies, and as a form of cultural survival. Migration processes create enormous challenges for those involved, particularly in the areas of labor, gender, and identity 1 �I N D I A N CiTY my community, if only our terrenito (land parcel) provided us with enough to live on. But since that's not the case, we have to live somehow. .. " Women in Migration Migration to the city is difficult for all the Indigenous peoples involved, but it affects men and women differently, both in the city and country When men are the only ones to migrate to Quito, the women who remain in the communities assume all the responsibilities in the home, of production and reciprocity, of the transmission of culture and identity, and participation in the community Despite women's assumption of this enormous task, their work is rarely valued by men and the larger society, on pretext that it isn't paid work. This differs from a traditional Andean Indigenous economy which has its own internal logic. Every culture varies in its economic practices, resulting in a complementarity in the roles and expenditures of men and women. In contexts where these values are still practiced, the traditional role of women as well as new roles resulting from migration are valued by men and society The responsibilities of Indigenous women in the city don't vary very much with respect to traditional roles, but the context changes, and takes a crucial place in the family economy Migrant Indigenous women prepare meals for their husbands and family members who work in construction and other sectors. Indigenous women's lack of education makes their lives in the city very difficult. "The situation here for the compafieras is terrible, it's more complicated than that of men," says jose Atupafia, from the Quito Indigenous Organizations Movement (MOIQ, Movimiento de Organizaciones Indigenas de Quito). "Generally they work as empleadas (maids), street vendors, or as cooks in city markets. In some cases they have to confront machismo and cannot defend themselves. The compafieras are not accustomed to this kind of conduct. To solve these problems, they have few alternatives other than to get organized." Indigenous Identity: Challenges and Threats in the City "Society must understand Indigenous identity in the city a; a specific identity of Indigenous peoples who live in the city This is not the same identity as in their communities. Here there isn't the same relationship with nature. It's another context, practically a different world," says Agualongo of COINDIA. This recognition is an important step in the strengthening of the identity of Indigenous peoples not only in Quito, but in other cities as well. Many Indigenous migrants are clearly losing their language, particularly children. This is because in the city, Indigenous children are the laughingstock of the other children because they speak Quechua, and as a defense their parents prefer to speak Spanish in their houses and even do away with traditional dress to "pass" as mestizos. Their intention is simply not to suffer the racial and cultural segregation handed down by Quito's urbanites. Children are not the only ones to have these problems. Frequently, adults also face discrimination based on their language and culture. In public services, if Indigenous migrants speak Quechua, they are not well attended. Speaking Spanish is a necessity for them to receive the attention they require. Sometimes, economic success can lead to a loss of Indigenous identity "Our children understand Quichua, * but they don't speak it," says Laura Bonilla, an Indigenous woman from Cotacachi. "We don't speak Quichua in the home. We'd like to teach Quichua to our children, but our surrounding doesn't allow us. The kids learn English in school as a second language. To remedy this reality, what we do is return to the community every weekend, so that the interaction with the family and the community can strengthen their identity" In other cases, especially for Indigenous migrants from the central provinces of the country, the loss of cultural identity is more pronounced. "They are successful economically;" says Agualongo, "but they forget their relatives and friends and don't help them out. They integrate better with mestizo society and try to pass as one of them." The urban world often brings out this new individualism among Indigenous migrants. Their private realities and lives in the city limit their relations with their own people. 'The families around here, in their own little rooms, can't invite their relatives, their friends. People start thinking only of themselves, and leave community aside," says Agualongo. Organizing as a Solution: Responses to the Problems Migrants To solve the many problems faced by Indigenous migrants in the city, many of them, especially those from the central provinces of the country, have decided to organize. One example is the founding of Escuela Tninsito Amaguafia (Tninsito Amaguafia School) which benefits of the Indigenous migrants who work in the Mercado Mayoristas in southern Quito-the majority from the central Cotopaxi and provinces of Chimborazo-with bilingual QuichuaSpanish education. The school has been functioning since 1990. In it's beginnings it had only two students. As the program took shape, enrollment increased. Today, 80 children, women, and men attend its programs, thanks to the efforts of parents and the people and institutions of Quito. "Some children have forgotten how to speak Quichua," explains Darwin Pomagualli, Indigenous professor and volunteer in the school. "We reinforce the Quichua language with classes to complement what they don't know. We make it possible for them to realize that we are Indigenous people and we instill in them the respect for what is ours." The programs offered by the Escuela Transito Amaguafia benefit not just Indigenous peoples. "In the last few years, we have had mestizo students who also learn the Quichua language and respect Indigenous culture. They can already speak some Quichua, and if they can't speak very well yet, the others teach them," says Pomagualli. The Escuela Transito Amaguafia is one of the positive ways Indigenous peoples have confronted the grave problems of education and cultural transmission. With the education that's provided, combined with the extras offered by the school (trips to students' Indigenous communities on fiesta days, during mingas (communal work), etc), Indigenous identity is strengthened and Indigenous culture is recreated within the city Although the Escuela started as an independent project, two years ago it became part of CO INDIA. CO INDIA itself began ten years ago, when Indigenous migrants were centered mostly in Quito's historic quarter, in the 24 de Mayo area, and the Terminal Terrestre bus station. Later the Mercado Mayoristas Association, Continue on page 9 Abya Yala News �I as well as an organization in San Roque, formed. CO INDIA currently works with seven migrant organizations based on different labor sectors, like the carriers of the markets. It also works with Indigenous women and students' organizations. Its program benefits 150 Indigenous families. Staff consists of one president and 10 volunteers. Aside from its education programs, COINDIA works with migrants to enhance their participation in the market. "We train the compafieros to select quality products and to make sure products arrive on time," explains Agualongo, "and to recognize and confront certain business practices. We are about to build a training center for community business, which on top of providing basic material needs, can and recreate promote solidarity Indigenous comunitarianism. To reach its objectives, COINDIA has been able to get the support of CONAIE and ECUARUNARI, as well as national and international NGOs. Still, much more support is needed to attempt to deal with all of Indigenous migrants' needs in Quito. Another important organization for Indigenous migrants is the Quito Indigenous Organizations Movement (MOIQ, Movimiento de Organizaciones Indigenas de Quito), which formed in 1992 with the objective of uniting the Indigenous migrants organizations on the basis of types of labor and geographic areas. The focus on geographic areas is to strengthen local Indigenous migrant identities and preserve diversity while unifying people. Since 1995, MOIQ has expanded its activities, and now works with Indigenous migrants not just in Quito but in the surrounding comunas as well. In addition to programs in education, labor, and legal rights for migrants, MOIQ wants official recognition from the Municipality of the Quito Metropolitan District. "We don't matter to the municipality. .. and their policies hurt migrants," says MOIQ president Jose Atupafia. "We need a political space where our voices can be heard, where we can demand our rights, where we can put forth our own proposals that correspond to our realities and have them be taken into consideration by the municipality." julio Agualongo, of COINDIA, specified what was being asked to the city: "We asked the Vol. 10 No.3 N D I A N C I T Y Indigenous children in the Escuela Transito Amaguafia mayor of Quito, Jamil Mahuad, to put together an integral municipal proposal which recognizes migrants, and he waited two years to give us a concrete answer." He adds that the movement has achieved "a little bit" with respect to city politics in Quito. We have seen organizations that exist inside cities for Indigenous migrants, but these are not the only examples of organizing that exist. Along with formal organizations, innumerable informal associations and organizations that exist in Quito, whether based on labor, cultural identity, or kinship. One of the persons interviewed for this article stated simply, "We don't have anything to do with migrants organizations, but we meet freely among ourselves, as in our community, to face down any problem that may arise." There is still much work to be done in the way of supporting Indigenous migrants in Quito. The formal organizations need to value and get involved with the specific projects of the smaller locally based organizations. There have also been difficulties between the various formal migrants organizations based on cultural, religious, and political differences. But organization leaders all agree that there exists affinity between the organizations on the basis of their common work and as Indigenous people, and this affinity could be the basis for the strengthening of the organizations, identities, and improving the quality of life of Quito's Indigenous migrants. -,.. * A variant of Quechua spoken in the Andes and Oriente regions of Ecuador. Sources Carrasco, Hernan y Carol Lentz. 1985. Migrantes Campesinos de Licto y Flores: Historias de Vida. Quito: Ediciones AbyaYala. Contreras, ]ackeline. 1989. Migraci6n Feminina y Transici6n del Agro al Capitalismo. Tesis de Licenciatura en la PUCE de Quito. Farrell, Gilda, Simon Pachano y Hernan Carrasco. 1988. Caminantes y Retornos. Quito: lEE. Interview with julio Agualongo (CO INDIA). Interview with jose Atupana (MOIQ). Interview with Maria Quintero (CEDIME). Interview with Darwin Pomagualli (Escuela Bilingue Transito Amaguafia). Interviews with various Indigenous street vendors. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 10, No. 3 (Summer 1997) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous Migration and Identity in Quito Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Summer 1997 Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indigenous Migration and Identity in Quito Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 10, no. 3 (6-9).pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Issue 3 Language English Publication Title Abya Yala News Volume 10 Author Narciso Conejo and Robert Andolina Abstract Note Indigenous communities in Quito, Ecuador have taken steps to preserve their indigenous cultures, languages, and rights in the face of discrimination and the pressure to conform to attain success. Pages 6-9 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/1ee1dba30f6bedae55162090e2e4653c 4009dc5366b1fc356a44dfa5895a2fd3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, nos. 2&3 (13-14).pdf PDF Text Text "Our party [the PTI] is built around the ideals of harmonic development between humans, nature and technology, and most importantly we aim to put an end to the great injustices that the minorities in Chile have had to endure. Like our ancestors, we are especially ecology-minded. We interpret this to mean that we are dedicated to social equality, social order and respect for nature. We propose a unity in the diversity of the environment in the frame of an eco-justice. We believe we are part of the universal cosmos and therefore share all the joys and sorrows of our brothers and sisters of the Earth. We are all children of Pachamama (Aymara for Mother Earth). The Declaration of Principles explains that the historic commitment of the PTI is 'with the human-Earthcosmos relationship, which has always been the inspiration and the sustainment of the indigenous cosmovision." tions from the Mapuches - Huilliches and Kawaskagar in the South, the Aymara in the North, to the Rapa Nui from Easter Island, compiled an 18 page proposal to all political parties running in the elections. Some of the outstanding points of the proposal are: • "The Chilean Constitution must be changed so that the existence of Indigenous people is formally recognized and that Chile is a Plurinational country ... • The state must take immediate action to return land which was stolen from the Indian people by non-Indian people ... • The state should implement bilingual and bicultural education, with respect for the Indian cosmovision ... " Some of the more specific demands are as follows: " "The new government should give back to the Aymara people, the water rights in their territory. These rights have been revoked With a fond embrace and a warm greeting from our long suffering people, Cornelio Chipana Hererra Photo of A ymara Indian preparing llama for shearing by Wayne Bernhardson. National Secretary of the PTI Aymara del Norte, Chile ~ w People Indigenous Demand to be Heard by All Political Parties in Etections The "Technical Commission of Indigenous People," representing several Indian organiza- �by the dictatorship and given to private corporations operating in the Aymara territory ... " The Chilean state must recognize the rights of the Aymara to their lands instead of regarding these as federal lands ... " The repeal of governmental decrees 2568 and 2750, dictated by General August Pinochet, where the Mapuche lands were divided into individual parcels ... " The immediate halt of the construction of the hydroelectric dam on the Bio Bio River and to the destruction of the forests there, which are having very detrimental effects on the lives of the Pehuenchez people ... " The recognition of the autonomous rights of the Rapa Nui to their traditional lands on Easter Island and a repeal of the decree annexing Easter Island in 1933 ... • The recognition of Rapa Nui Elders as the legitimite authority of the Rapa Nui people ... "The rights of the Mapuche Huilliches to their land and a recognition of the treaty between them and the Chilean government signed in 1793 ... " Urgent action to halt the extermination of the Mapuche Kawaskar in the extreme South of Chile ... " War on Drugs takes Spotlight off Continuing Violence against Indian People The latest public announcements from the drug lords of Colombia are offers of financial support to help the government in their longstanding battles against "subversive" movements. This is neither new nor bizarre to people in Colombia. What is new and bizarre is that the government is publicly refusing such offers. Contrary to what is portrayed by the international media, the narco-trafficking issue is not the only, nor the main problem in Colombia. The latest wave of killings mark a turning point in Colombia's violent history. The killers hired by narco-traffickers have moved away from just murdering grassroots organizers and opposition members to targeting banks, financial institutions, newspapers, and a wide spectrum of government officials. The reason for this new onslaught is to pressure the government to stop complying with the extradition treaty made with the U.S. government and to force negotiations that will eventually allow narco-dealers to remain safely in Colombia. Narco-trafficking grew to such enormous magnitude in the last 15 years in Colombia because of the lack of response to the situation by the government. There are two reasons for this: 1) the tremendous economic gain for the country, as well as for corrupt officials and military personnel, and 2) because the drug lords have faithfully contributed towards the oppression of "subversive" elements, especially in the rural areas where coca is grown. A quick review of Colombian newspapers from the last ten years shows clearly that the Colombian army and drug lords were behind most of the killings of political members of opposition parties, workers union activists, Indian and peasant leaders, educators, independent journalists and judges. This � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 5, Nos. 2&amp;3 (Fall 1989 &amp; Winter 1990) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1989 & Winter 1990 Zotero Issue 2 & 3 Language English Publication Title SAIIC Volume 5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous People Demand to be Heard by ALL Political Parties in Elections (Chile) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article 2 & 3 Language A language of the resource English 2 & 3 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 1989 & Winter 1990 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource 2 & 3 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2 & 3 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource 2 & 3 Description An account of the resource 2 & 3 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 2 & 3 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2 & 3 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available 2 & 3 Relation A related resource 2 & 3 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource 2 & 3 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 2 & 3 Subject The topic of the resource 2 & 3 Zotero Title Indigenous People Demand to be Heard by ALL Political Parties in Elections (Chile) 2 & 3 Item Type Newspaper Article 2 & 3 Attachment Title Vol. 5, nos. 2&3 (13-14).pdf 2 & 3 Attachment URL [No URL] 2 & 3 Language English Volume 5 Artist 2 & 3 Attorney Agent 2 & 3 Book Author 2 & 3 Cartographer 2 & 3 Cast Member 2 & 3 Commenter 2 & 3 Composer 2 & 3 Contributor 2 & 3 Cosponsor 2 & 3 Counsel 2 & 3 Director 2 & 3 Editor 2 & 3 Guest 2 & 3 Interviewee 2 & 3 Interviewer 2 & 3 Inventor 2 & 3 Performer 2 & 3 Podcaster 2 & 3 Presenter 2 & 3 Producer 2 & 3 Programmer 2 & 3 Recipient 2 & 3 Reviewed Author 2 & 3 Scriptwriter 2 & 3 Series Editor 2 & 3 Sponsor 2 & 3 Translator 2 & 3 Words By 2 & 3 Note 2 & 3 DOI 2 & 3 ISBN 2 & 3 ISSN 2 & 3 Access Date 2 & 3 Application Number 2 & 3 Archive 2 & 3 Archive Location 2 & 3 Artwork Medium 2 & 3 Artwork Size 2 & 3 Assignee 2 & 3 Audio File Type 2 & 3 Audio Recording Format 2 & 3 Bill Number 2 & 3 Blog Title 2 & 3 Book Title 2 & 3 Call Number 2 & 3 Case Name 2 & 3 Code 2 & 3 Code Number 2 & 3 Code Pages 2 & 3 Code Volume 2 & 3 Committee 2 & 3 Company 2 & 3 Conference Name 2 & 3 Country 2 & 3 Court 2 & 3 Date 2 & 3 Date Decided 2 & 3 Date Enacted 2 & 3 Dictionary Title 2 & 3 Distributor 2 & 3 Docket Number 2 & 3 Document Number 2 & 3 Edition 2 & 3 Encyclopedia Title 2 & 3 Episode Number 2 & 3 Extra 2 & 3 Filing Date 2 & 3 First Page 2 & 3 Forum Title 2 & 3 Genre 2 & 3 History 2 & 3 Institution 2 & 3 Interview Medium 2 & 3 Issue 2 & 3 Issue Date 2 & 3 Issuing Authority 2 & 3 Journal Abbreviation 2 & 3 Label 2 & 3 Legal Status 2 & 3 Legislative Body 2 & 3 Letter Type 2 & 3 Library Catalog 2 & 3 Manuscript Type 2 & 3 Map Type 2 & 3 Medium 2 & 3 Meeting Name 2 & 3 Name of Act 2 & 3 Network 2 & 3 Num Pages 2 & 3 Number 2 & 3 Number of Volumes 2 & 3 Patent Number 2 & 3 Place 2 & 3 Post Type 2 & 3 Presentation Type 2 & 3 Priority Numbers 2 & 3 Proceedings Title 2 & 3 Program Title 2 & 3 Programming Language 2 & 3 Public Law Number 2 & 3 Publication Title SAIIC Publisher 2 & 3 References 2 & 3 Report Number 2 & 3 Report Type 2 & 3 Reporter 2 & 3 Reporter Volume 2 & 3 Rights 2 & 3 Running Time 2 & 3 Scale 2 & 3 Section 2 & 3 Series 2 & 3 Series Number 2 & 3 Series Text 2 & 3 Series Title 2 & 3 Session 2 & 3 Short Title 2 & 3 Studio 2 & 3 Subject 2 & 3 System 2 & 3 Thesis Type 2 & 3 University 2 & 3 URL 2 & 3 Version 2 & 3 Video Recording Format 2 & 3 Website Title 2 & 3 Website Type 2 & 3 Pages 13 & 14 https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/562bcafe0c06f6b8ff123ce1e3266177.pdf 7fd2c28c21aa3bdf9681dae701221b2f PDF Text Text W 0 MEN always lived." \"'hile Indians in Pastaza returned to the lowlands after 5 weeks of negotiation with their territory adjudicated, titles included only surface rights to land and its products. SubteJTanean righ ts remain solely in the hands of the state to exploit. For twenty years, petroleum development has indelibly changed the social and ecological reality of the northern portion of the Ecuadorian Amazon through the construction of a network of roads and towns and the contamination of water and soil systems_ If petroletun development is not controlled, this is the fate looming on the horizons of Indigenous territory in Pastaza. ARCO, the only oil corporation working in Pastaza, has discovered a sizeable reserve in Indigenous ter.-itory and hydrocarbon extraction is inuninent, if the local communities and international pressure groups a re not mobilized. The struggle for land and Indigenous rights in Pastaza is not simply the concern of a politicized Indigenous elite. Miquia Abigail and Miquia Leona came to tbe Bay Area in representation of their communities and OPIP to speak in their own voices about their peoples' historical struggle in defense of their culture, beliefs, language, and way of life in the Ecuado.-ian rain forest. Standing before the San Francisco audience, Bacha Gualinga spoke on the wisdom of the ages: "I don't know how to read or write. Not even sign my name. Yet, I have here, captw-ed within my head, years and years of history. I am here as a seed, as a root, as a tree. Look at me and learn." Tracing the intimate lin.k between Indigenous peoples and a landscape, she added, "'f Indians disappear, if our way of life is destroyed, what will happen to the world? Then there will not be forest. The jungle \vill not be green." In 1989, OPIP established a Women's Committee directed by and for Indigenous Quichua women to strengthen disappearing traditions and address women's needs. Female potters in the province of Pastaza cunently sell their ar tware to OPIP's Cooperative store, Yanapuma (Black Panther), in t he provincial capital of Puyo. Now, OPIP's Women's Committee 'vishes to explot·e possibilities for expanding the marketing oflndigenous ceramjcs. The US tour aims to provide Amazonian Quichua potters dii-ect access to international alternative trade markets in the United States. The Women's Committee seeks to develop alternative trade networks as empowering opportunities to re-enforce the cultural tradition of the more than 3,000 women potters in the t'egion and extend needed economic support. An example of grassroots organizing initiated and controlled by Indian women, the mru·keting of the Quichua ceramic tradition re-affirms the dignity their cultural identity by honoring indigenous female art and strengthening female voices. Organized during International Women's Month, the Quichua Potte•'s Exchange deepens a commitment fot· dialogue between women across the globe and expands international networks of mutual suppott and cooperation. '0' For more information, contact: Fwui<tci6n Jatari, P 0. Box 65195, Tucs011, AZ, 85728, Tell Fax: (520) 5773642; or the Organizati01t of Indigenous Peoples of Pa.staza (OPIP), Casilla 790, Puyo, Pastaza, Tell Fa.<: (593-3) 885-461. Indigenous People form an Alliance to counter the Vampire Project On February 18-19, 1995, a group of30 Indigenous delegates from the United States, Canada, Panama, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru met in Phoenix, A.-izona, to discuss an Indigenous response to the Human Genome Project. During the three days of discussion, the delegates decided to form an International Alliance to counter the Huntan Genome Biodiversity Project. Many Indigenous peoples call this "The Vampire Project" because its goal is to collect blood, t issues, and hair from about 700 Indigenous groups around the wodd. The Human Genome Project is a proposal to collect and study the genetic structw-es of va.-ious ethnic groups. They have targeted populations "on the verge of extinction:• a nd refer to Indigenous groups as "Isolates of Historical Interest." SAIIC and many other Indigenous organizations have taken a stand against this project because it is yet another example of t-esearch which Notth American and European scientists carry out on Indigenous peoples without their consent and without all of the t-elevant information being provided to them. This is a continuation of colonialism ofindigenous peoples which began 500 years ago. The delegates at the Phoenix confet-ence decided to make a plan of action to stop t.he Human Genome Project and its attempt against the biological, spiritual, physical, and psychological lives of Indigenous peoples. They formed a coordinating committee comprised of Indigenous people from North, Central, and South America. They are planning another meeting for next fall in northern California in order to continue tbis campaign. The En'owkin Centre and Okanagan Indians in British Columbia organized this conference which TonatietTa in Phoeni.x hosted. Debra Hany, a Paiute Indian from Nevada, is coordinator of this project. For mot-e informati<>n, contact: Debra, at PO Box 6, N~'Wn, Neuada 89424, Tel: (702) 574-0309, e-mail <Utarry@igc.apc.org; or the Ett'owkin Centre, 257 Brwu;wick St., Penticton, BC V2R 5P9, Canada, Tel: (604) 4937181 Fa.<: (604) 493-5302. ,.,.-- - - - - - - - - ------32 Abya Yala News � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 9, no. 1 (Spring 1995) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous People form an Alliance to counter the Vampire Project Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring, 1995 Language A language of the resource English English Zotero Title Indigenous People form an Alliance to counter the Vampire Project Item Type Journal Article Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 32 Publication Title Abya Yala News: Journal of the South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) ISSN 1071-3182 Date Spring, 1995 Language English Abstract Note Indigenous people decide to try and stop the Human Genome Project. This project is collecting and studying genetic structures without the consent of almost extinct populations of indigenous peoples. Attachment Title Indigenous_People_form_an_Alliance_to_counter_the_Vampire_Project.pdf Attachment URL [No URL] Consent Human Genome Project international The Vampire Project https://www.abyayalanews.org/files/original/82305466a43526eb0fd42f70cc9856a3 592d99983fb7b202f5947361816fbd46 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, no. 4 (23).pdf PDF Text Text I I Bolivia - The indigenous communities of the Isiburo-Secure National Park, south of Beni, ratified a document denouncing the agents of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) as a threat to the Bolivian people and made a public demand for the expulsion of DEA agents from Bolivia The demand was announced on July 7,1992, in San Lorenzo de Mojos, and broadcast at noon of the same day by a local radio station. This indigenous position is in response to the detention of two indigenous leaders within a four-day period, and to the seizure of their radio equipment, which was part of a network installed with international aid. Furthermore, indigenous people testified that the anti-drug agents are constantly entering their homes without permission, and destroying everything in their path. Also condemned were the abuses which have taken place in Trinidad, the regional capital, where the home ofa universityprofessorwas "erroneously"broken into by agents. The indigenous statement declares that the presence of armed agents from the United States is "not only for the purpose of fighting drug trafficking, but also for the purpose of taking over our country, step by step." It asks the Bolivian government to "not allow yourselves to be manipulated by the Gringos". Meanwhile, the Bolivian national government hasgivenassurancesthattherewillbenofurtherinstances of the assaults and abuses for which the DEA has been denounced. Carlos Saavedra, Minister of the Interior, promised the Central Office of Indigenous Peoples of Beni (CPIB) that there would be no further assaults on the communities under the pretext of the "war on drugs". News of these events was taken to La Paz, the capital of Bolivia, by the leader Marcial Fabricano, president of the Sub Central de Cabildos of the IsiboroSeure National Park, who met with Minister Saavedra. As Fabricano pointed out, the indigenous radio network, consisting of approximately 30 stations and dedicated to the purpose of helping the indigenous movement unify, promote, and defend itself, has been fully authorized by Carlos Aponte, the governmental head of Transport and Communications. source: Presencia, Bolivia Vol 6 Num 4 23 J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vol. 6, No. 4 (Fall 1992) (English) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Indigenous People of Beni as for the expulsion of DEA agents from Bolivia (Bolivia) Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper Article Language A language of the resource English Zotero Title Indigenous People of Beni as for the expulsion of DEA agents from Bolivia (Bolivia) Item Type Newspaper Article Attachment Title Vol. 6, no. 4 (23).pdf Attachment URL [No URL]